含电磁环网的输配电网全局动态潮流主从分裂算法
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摘要
全局动态潮流在计算发输配一体的电网预想事故后的新稳态工况时,比只在主网侧计算的动态潮流更贴近实际。为解决全局动态潮流的分布式计算问题,需要采用主从分裂法。该方法根据配电网等值将输配电网分裂后,分别在主网侧和配电网侧计算动态潮流,然后交换少量数据,实现主从迭代。根据电磁环网理论,在首次主从迭代添加起步加速环节,可以在迭代前期得到更接近真实解的系统频率增量,加快计算速度。算例表明,含起步加速的全局动态潮流主从分裂算法能够更加准确且快速地计算电网在预想事故后的新稳态工况,适用于在输配电网之间进行分布式计算。
When calculating the post-contingency steady-state power flow of the whole transmission and distribution networks, the global dynamic power flow is closer to the actual situation than the conventional dynamic power flow computed only in the transmission networks. To solve the distributed computation problem of global dynamic power flow, the master-slave splitting algorithm is adopted. Firstly, the transmission network and the distribution networks are split based on the equivalence of distribution network. Secondly, the dynamic power flows are separately calculated in the transmission and distribution networks. Thirdly, the master-slave iterations are realized by interchanging a small amount of data between networks. According to the electromagnetic loop network theory, a starting speed-up section is designed at the first master-slave iteration in order to achieve a more precise system frequency increment at the very beginning of iterations, which will speed up the calculation. Numerical tests validate that the master-slave splitting algorithm with the starting speed-up section for global dynamic power flow has an accurate and fast capability in calculating the post-contingency power flow, and is suitable for distributed computation between transmission and distribution networks.
When calculating the post-contingency steady-state power flow of the whole transmission and distribution networks, the global dynamic power flow is closer to the actual situation than the conventional dynamic power flow computed only in the transmission networks. To solve the distributed computation problem of global dynamic power flow, the master-slave splitting algorithm is adopted. Firstly, the transmission network and the distribution networks are split based on the equivalence of distribution network. Secondly, the dynamic power flows are separately calculated in the transmission and distribution networks. Thirdly, the master-slave iterations are realized by interchanging a small amount of data between networks. According to the electromagnetic loop network theory, a starting speed-up section is designed at the first master-slave iteration in order to achieve a more precise system frequency increment at the very beginning of iterations, which will speed up the calculation. Numerical tests validate that the master-slave splitting algorithm with the starting speed-up section for global dynamic power flow has an accurate and fast capability in calculating the post-contingency power flow, and is suitable for distributed computation between transmission and distribution networks.
引文
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[15] 杨溢,郭志忠.双端电磁环网的N-1静态安全分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(23):6401-6408.YANG Yi,GUO Zhizhong.Static security analysis on two-terminal electromagnetic loop of power network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(23):6401-6408.
[16] YANG Yi,GUO Zhizhong.Sufficient condition for the parallel flow problem of electromagnetic loop networks[J/OL].Mathematical Problems in Engineering[2018-02-27].https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8192710.
[17] YANG Yi,GUO Zhizhong.Parallel flow problem in electromagnetic loop networks[C]// 21st International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS),October 7-10,2018,Jeju,South Korea:887-892.
[18] SUN Hongbin,GUO Qinglai,ZHANG Boming,et al.Master-slave-splitting based distributed global power flow method for integrated transmission and distribution analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(3):1484-1492.
[19] 谭玉东,李欣然,蔡晔,等.基于动态潮流的电网连锁故障模型及关键线路识别[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(3):615-622.TAN Yudong,LI Xinran,CAI Ye,et al.Modeling cascading failures in power grid based on dynamic power flow and vulnerable line identification[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(3):615-622.
[20] RICHARD D C.Power systems test case archive[EB/OL].[2018-11-20].https://labs.ece.uw.edu/pstca/.
[2] LI Shenghu,ZHANG Wei,WANG Zhengfeng.Improved dynamic power flow model with DFIGs participating in frequency regulation[J].International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems,2017,27(12):1-13.
[3] 李兢,陈颖,沈沉.分布式仿真鲁棒性改进方法[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(24):11-17.LI Jing,CHEN Ying,SHEN Chen.Studies on robustness of distributed processing for power system simulation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(24):11-17.
[4] 顾慧杰,王彬,赵旋宇,等.多级控制中心全局电网潮流计算及闭环控制仿真系统[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(14):52-59.GU Huijie,WANG Bin,ZHAO Xuanyu,et al.Simulation of global power flow calculation and closed-loop control for multi-level hierarchical control centers[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(14):52-59.
[5] 张海波,朱存浩.考虑时空及应用维度的分布式并行计算管理机制[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(15):106-112.ZHANG Haibo,ZHU Cunhao.Distributed parallel calculation management mechanism considering time-space and application dimensions[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(15):106-112.
[6] 张海波,张伯明,孙宏斌.基于异步迭代的多区域互联系统动态潮流分解协调计算[J].电力系统自动化,2003,27(24):1-5.ZHANG Haibo,ZHANG Boming,SUN Hongbin.A decomposition and coordination dynamic power flow calculation for multi-area interconnected system based on asynchronous iteration[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2003,27(24):1-5.
[7] XIN Baojiang,ZHANG Haibo.The research on distributed dynamic power flow based on asynchronous iteration mode considering frequency change[C]// IEEE International Conference on Power System Technology,October 24-28,2010,Hangzhou,China.
[8] ZHANG Haibo,ZHANG Boming,ANJAN B,et al.A distributed multi-control-center dynamic power flow algorithm based on asynchronous iteration scheme[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2018,33(2):1716-1724.
[9] 张海波,张晓云.基于异步迭代的交直流互联系统分布式动态潮流计算[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(18):33-36.ZHANG Haibo,ZHANG Xiaoyun.Distributed dynamic power flow for AC/DC interconnected power grid based on asynchronous iteration mode[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(18):33-36.
[10] 张海波,张晓云.考虑换流变压器变比调节的交直流系统分布式动态潮流[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(7):19-23.ZHANG Haibo,ZHANG Xiaoyun.Distributed dynamic power flow for AC/DC interconnected power grid considering converter transformer’s tap changer regulating[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(7):19-23.
[11] 赵晋泉,徐鹏,高宗和,等.基于子网边界等值注入功率的异步迭代分布式潮流算法[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(18):11-15.ZHAO Jinquan,XU Peng,GAO Zonghe,et al.An asynchronous iterative distributed power flow algorithm based on the boundary bus injection power[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(18):11-15.
[12] 张海波,蒋良敏,陶文伟,等.实用化分布式动态潮流计算系统的设计与实现[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(9):67-71.ZHANG Haibo,JIANG Liangmin,TAO Wenwei,et al.Design and implementation of a practical distributed power flow calculation system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(9):67-71.
[13] 孙宏斌,张伯明,相年德.发输配全局潮流计算——第一部分:数学模型和基本算法[J].电网技术,1998,22(13):39-42.SUN Hongbin,ZHANG Boming,XIANG Niande.Global power flow calculation—Part 1:model and method[J].Power System Technology,1998,22(13):39-42.
[14] 孙宏斌,郭烨,张伯明.含环状配电网的输配全局潮流分布式计算[J].电力系统自动化,2008,32(13):11-15.SUN Hongbin,GUO Ye,ZHANG Boming.Distributed global power flow calculation for whole transmission and looped distribution networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2008,32(13):11-15.
[15] 杨溢,郭志忠.双端电磁环网的N-1静态安全分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(23):6401-6408.YANG Yi,GUO Zhizhong.Static security analysis on two-terminal electromagnetic loop of power network[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(23):6401-6408.
[16] YANG Yi,GUO Zhizhong.Sufficient condition for the parallel flow problem of electromagnetic loop networks[J/OL].Mathematical Problems in Engineering[2018-02-27].https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8192710.
[17] YANG Yi,GUO Zhizhong.Parallel flow problem in electromagnetic loop networks[C]// 21st International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS),October 7-10,2018,Jeju,South Korea:887-892.
[18] SUN Hongbin,GUO Qinglai,ZHANG Boming,et al.Master-slave-splitting based distributed global power flow method for integrated transmission and distribution analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2015,6(3):1484-1492.
[19] 谭玉东,李欣然,蔡晔,等.基于动态潮流的电网连锁故障模型及关键线路识别[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(3):615-622.TAN Yudong,LI Xinran,CAI Ye,et al.Modeling cascading failures in power grid based on dynamic power flow and vulnerable line identification[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(3):615-622.
[20] RICHARD D C.Power systems test case archive[EB/OL].[2018-11-20].https://labs.ece.uw.edu/pstca/.