基于PQ-QV-PV节点的光储输出功率主动控制方法
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摘要
光伏接入配电网易产生电压越限问题,储能的有功调压能力和光伏逆变器的无功调压能力可向配电网提供有功和无功支撑,以减少电压越限并提高光伏的渗透率。通过分析光伏出力波动时光伏逆变器和储能对光伏并网点的电压调节机理,提出了一种基于PQ-QV-PV节点转换的光储输出功率主动控制方法。该方法首先给各个光伏并网点设置一个较小的电压波动范围,其次依照所提的主动控制策略将光伏并网节点类型根据并网点电压水平依次在PQ、QV和PV节点之间进行转换,从而在考虑减少网损的基础上将并网点电压限制在较小的范围内。仿真分析结果表明,该方法能很好地解决光伏接入下的电压越限问题。
The problem of voltage exceeding specified limits may occur when the photovoltaic is connected to the distribution network.The active power regulation ability of Energy Storage(ES)and the reactive power regulation ability of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter can provide support of active power and reactive power for distribution network to solve the problem of voltage exceeding specified limits and improve the penetration of photovoltaic.A strategy of actively controlling the output power for photovoltaic-storage system based on extended PQ-QV-PV node is proposed by analyzing the voltage regulating mechanism of Point of Common Coupling(PCC)of photovoltaic with energy storage by controlling photovoltaic inverter and energy storage when PV output fluctuates.The strategy firstly sets a small wave range of voltage to every photovoltaic,then according to the proposed active control strategy coverts the types of PV grid-connected nodes among PQ,QV,and PV successively based on voltage level of grid-connected node,thereby controls the grid-connected level into a smaller range considering power loss decrease.The simulation results indicate that the proposed method can solve the problem of voltage exceeding specified limits when photovoltaic is connected to electric distribution network.
The problem of voltage exceeding specified limits may occur when the photovoltaic is connected to the distribution network.The active power regulation ability of Energy Storage(ES)and the reactive power regulation ability of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter can provide support of active power and reactive power for distribution network to solve the problem of voltage exceeding specified limits and improve the penetration of photovoltaic.A strategy of actively controlling the output power for photovoltaic-storage system based on extended PQ-QV-PV node is proposed by analyzing the voltage regulating mechanism of Point of Common Coupling(PCC)of photovoltaic with energy storage by controlling photovoltaic inverter and energy storage when PV output fluctuates.The strategy firstly sets a small wave range of voltage to every photovoltaic,then according to the proposed active control strategy coverts the types of PV grid-connected nodes among PQ,QV,and PV successively based on voltage level of grid-connected node,thereby controls the grid-connected level into a smaller range considering power loss decrease.The simulation results indicate that the proposed method can solve the problem of voltage exceeding specified limits when photovoltaic is connected to electric distribution network.
引文
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[19]刘泽槐,翟世涛,张勇军,等.基于扩展QV节点潮流的光储联合日前计划[J].电网技术,2015,39(12):3435-3441.LIU Zehuai,ZHAI Shitao,ZHANG Yongjun,et al.Ajoint day-ahead scheduling for photovoltaic-storage systems based on extended QV bus-type power flow[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(12):3435-3441.
[20]王艳玲,韩学山,周晓峰.含分布式电源的主从联合系统扩展连续潮流计算[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(9):93-100.WANG Yanling,HAN Xueshan,ZHOU Xiaofeng.Expanded continuous power flow calculation of master-slave joint power system with distributed generators[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(9):93-100.
[21]ALAM M J E,MUTTAQI K M,SUTANTO D.Mitigation of rooftop solar PV impacts and evening peak support by managing available capacity of distributed energy storage systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(4):3874-3884.
[22]CHEN Shuheng,WANG Xiongfei,SU Chi,et al.An improved power flow method based on extended chain-table storage structure for distribution network with PV nodes[C]//IEEE International Conference on Energy,May 13-16,2014,Cavtat,Croatia:892-896.
[23]DABRA V,PALIWAL K K,SHARMA P,et al.Optimization of photovoltaic power system:a comparative study[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2017,2(2):29-39.DOI:10.1186/s41601-017-0036-2.
[24]熊雄,叶林,杨仁刚.电力需求侧规模储能容量优化和经济性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(17):42-48.XIONG Xiong,YE Lin,YANG Rengang.Optimal allocation and economic benefits analysis of energy storage system on power demand side[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(17):42-48.
[2]刘舒,李正力,王翼,等.含分布式发电的微电网中储能装置容量优化配置[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(3):78-84.LIU Shu,LI Zhengli,WANG Yi,et al.Optimal capacity allocation of energy storage in micro-grid with distributed generation[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(3):78-84.
[3]黄弘扬,王波,黄晓明,等.基于双馈风电机组的分布式动态无功支撑系统[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016,44(24):140-147.HUANG Hongyang,WANG Bo,HUANG Xiaoming,et al.Distributed dynamic reactive power support system based on doubly fed induction generator[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,44(24):140-147.
[4]LYONS P F,WADE N S,JIANG T,et al.Design and analysis of electrical energy storage demonstration projects on UK distribution networks[J].Applied Energy,2015,137(1):667-691.
[5]张曦,张宁,龙飞,等.分布式电源接入配网对其静态电压稳定性影响多角度研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(6):120-125.ZHANG Xi,ZHANG Ning,LONG Fei,et al.Research of the impacts on static voltage stability of distribution networks with distributed generation from different aspects[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(6):120-125.
[6]李清然,张建成.含分布式光伏电源的配电网电压越限解决方案[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(22):117-123.LI Qingran,ZHANG Jiancheng.Solutions of voltage beyond limits in distribution network with distributed photovoltaic generators[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(22):117-123.
[7]陶维青,鲁胜清,杨刚,等.低压配网中光伏发电系统调压策略[J].可再生能源,2015,33(9):1323-1328.TAO Weiqing,LU Shengqing,YANG Gang,et al.Avoltage regulation strategy of PV system in low-voltage networks[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2015,33(9):1323-1328.
[8]王颖,文福拴,赵波,等.高密度分布式光伏接入下电压越限问题的分析与对策[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(5):1200-1206.WANG Ying,WEN Fushuan,ZHAO Bo,et al.Analysis and countermeasures of voltage violation problems caused by high-density distributed photovoltaics[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(5):1200-1206.
[9]黄欣科,王环,王一波,等.光伏发电系统并网点电压升高调整原理及策略[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(3):112-117.HUANG Xinke,WANG Huan,WANG Yibo,et al.Principle and strategies of voltage rise regulation for grid-connected photovoltaic generation system at point of common coupling[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(3):112-117.
[10]王永杰,吴文传,张伯明,等.有功无功协调的主动配电网鲁棒电压控制[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(9):29-34.WANG Yongjie,WU Wenchuan,ZHANG Boming,et al.Active and reactive power coordinated robust optimization for active distribution networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(9):29-34.
[11]刘一兵,吴文传,张伯明,等.基于有功-无功协调优化的主动配电网过电压预防控制方法[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(9):184-191.LIU Yibing,WU Wenchuan,ZHANG Boming,et al.Overvoltage preventive control method based on active and reactive power coordinated optimization in active distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(9):184-191.
[12]夏向阳,易浩民,邱欣,等.双重功率优化控制的规模化光伏并网电压越限研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(19):5164-5171.XIA Xiangyang,YI Haomin,QIU Xin,et al.Research on dual power optimal control for scaled photovoltaic grid-connected voltage[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(19):5164-5171.
[13]YAO Liangzhong,YANG Bo,CUI Hongfen,et al.Challenges and progresses of energy storage technology and its application in power systems[J].CSEE Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy,2016,4(4):519-528.
[14]XU X,BISHOP M,OIKARINEN D G,et al.Application and modeling of battery energy storage in power systems[J].CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems,2016,2(3):82-90.
[15]徐志成,赵波,丁明,等.基于电压灵敏度的配电网光伏消纳能力随机场景模拟及逆变器控制参数优化整定[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(6):1578-1587.XU Zhicheng,ZHAO Bo,DING Ming,et al.Photovoltaic hosting capacity evaluation of distribution networks and inverter parameters optimization based on node voltage sensitivity[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(6):1578-1587.
[16]赵波,包侃侃,徐志成,等.考虑需求侧响应的光储并网型微电网优化配置[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(21):5465-5474.ZHAO Bo,BAO Kankan,XU Zhicheng,et al.Optimal sizing for grid-connected PV-and-storage microgrid considering demand response[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(21):5465-5474.
[17]兰国军,栗文义,尹凯,等.并网运行风/光/储微电网容量配置双目标优化[J].电工电能新技术,2015,34(3):18-23.LAN Guojun,LI Wenyi,YIN Kai,et al.Bi-objective optimization of capacity configuration based on grid-connected wind/photovoltaic/storage microgrid[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2015,34(3):18-23.
[18]朱革兰,刘泽槐,刘文泽,等.抑制光伏并网电压扰动的配电网储能配置方法[J].华南理工大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(8):49-54,61.ZHU Gelan,LIU Zehuai,LIU Wenze,et al.Energy storage configuration to suppress voltage fluctuation in distribution networks with photovoltaic power[J].Journal of South China University of Technology(Natural Science Edition),2015,43(8):49-54,61.
[19]刘泽槐,翟世涛,张勇军,等.基于扩展QV节点潮流的光储联合日前计划[J].电网技术,2015,39(12):3435-3441.LIU Zehuai,ZHAI Shitao,ZHANG Yongjun,et al.Ajoint day-ahead scheduling for photovoltaic-storage systems based on extended QV bus-type power flow[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(12):3435-3441.
[20]王艳玲,韩学山,周晓峰.含分布式电源的主从联合系统扩展连续潮流计算[J].电工技术学报,2012,27(9):93-100.WANG Yanling,HAN Xueshan,ZHOU Xiaofeng.Expanded continuous power flow calculation of master-slave joint power system with distributed generators[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2012,27(9):93-100.
[21]ALAM M J E,MUTTAQI K M,SUTANTO D.Mitigation of rooftop solar PV impacts and evening peak support by managing available capacity of distributed energy storage systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2013,28(4):3874-3884.
[22]CHEN Shuheng,WANG Xiongfei,SU Chi,et al.An improved power flow method based on extended chain-table storage structure for distribution network with PV nodes[C]//IEEE International Conference on Energy,May 13-16,2014,Cavtat,Croatia:892-896.
[23]DABRA V,PALIWAL K K,SHARMA P,et al.Optimization of photovoltaic power system:a comparative study[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2017,2(2):29-39.DOI:10.1186/s41601-017-0036-2.
[24]熊雄,叶林,杨仁刚.电力需求侧规模储能容量优化和经济性分析[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(17):42-48.XIONG Xiong,YE Lin,YANG Rengang.Optimal allocation and economic benefits analysis of energy storage system on power demand side[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(17):42-48.