广东省精神卫生专业机构现况调查
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摘要
目的了解广东省精神卫生专业机构现况,为合理配置精神卫生资源提供参考依据。方法采用普查方式收集2014年底全省所有精神卫生专业机构的基本情况,对其机构类型、所属区域、床位与医护人员和门诊与住院服务情况等数据进行描述性分析。结果截至2014年底,广东省一共195家精神卫生专业机构。精神科实际开放床位总数29 315张,密度27.34张/10万人;精神科执业医师总数1 936人,密度为1.81人/10万人;精神科护士总数4 484人,密度为4.18人/10万人。精神心理科日门诊量中位数为18人次/天,平均住院日中位数为58天,平均每床位周转次数中位数为3次/年。结论广东省精神卫生服务资源分布具有总量不足,医护人员缺乏更加明显,区域分布与经济发展水平不相称等特征。精神心理科门诊与住院服务需求旺盛,社区康复服务亟待完善。
Objective:To understand the current situation of mental health institutions in Guangdong Province,and to provide reference for rational allocation of mental health resources.Method:Basic information of all mental health professional institutions in the province was collected by census at the end of 2014,and the descriptive analysis was conducted on the data of institution type,region,bed and medical staff,outpatient and inpatient services,etc.Result:By the end of 2014,there were 195 mental health institutions in Guangdong Province.The actual number of open psychiatric beds was 29,315,with a density of 27.34 beds per 100,000 people.The total number of practicing psychiatrists was 1,936,with a density of 1.81 per 100,000 people.The total number of psychiatric nurses was 4,484,with a density of 4.18 per 100,000 people.The median number of outpatient visits per day in the department of psychiatry was 18 person-times/day,the median number of days in hospital was 58 days,and the median number of turnover per bed was 3 times per year.Conclusion:The distribution of mental health service resources in Guangdong Province is characterized by insufficient total amount,more obvious shortage of medical staff,and incommensurability between regional distribution and economic development.Outpatient and inpatient services in the department of mental health are in great demand,and community rehabilitation services need to be improved urgently.
Objective:To understand the current situation of mental health institutions in Guangdong Province,and to provide reference for rational allocation of mental health resources.Method:Basic information of all mental health professional institutions in the province was collected by census at the end of 2014,and the descriptive analysis was conducted on the data of institution type,region,bed and medical staff,outpatient and inpatient services,etc.Result:By the end of 2014,there were 195 mental health institutions in Guangdong Province.The actual number of open psychiatric beds was 29,315,with a density of 27.34 beds per 100,000 people.The total number of practicing psychiatrists was 1,936,with a density of 1.81 per 100,000 people.The total number of psychiatric nurses was 4,484,with a density of 4.18 per 100,000 people.The median number of outpatient visits per day in the department of psychiatry was 18 person-times/day,the median number of days in hospital was 58 days,and the median number of turnover per bed was 3 times per year.Conclusion:The distribution of mental health service resources in Guangdong Province is characterized by insufficient total amount,more obvious shortage of medical staff,and incommensurability between regional distribution and economic development.Outpatient and inpatient services in the department of mental health are in great demand,and community rehabilitation services need to be improved urgently.
引文
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[2] Phillips MR,Zhang J,Shi Q,et al.Prevalence,treatment,and associated disability of mental disorders in four provinces in China during 2001-05:an epidemiological survey.[J].Lancet,2009,373(9680):2041-2053.
[3] WHO.Mental health action plan 2013-2020[M].Geneva:WHO Document Production Services,2013.
[4] World Health Organization.The global burden of disease:2004 up-date[M].Geneva:World Health Organization,2008.
[5] 何晓燕,曹日芳,赵国秋,等.杭州市精神卫生服务资源现状调查[J].中国农村卫生事业管理,2013,33(11):1277-1279.
[6] Esan O,Abdumalik J,Eaton J,et al.Global Mental Health Reforms:Mental Health Care in Anglophone West Africa[J].Psychiatr serv.2014,65(9) :1084-1087.
[7] 林勇强,林海程,马光瑜,等.广东省精神卫生机构现状调查[J].中华医院管理杂志.2004.20(3):160-161.
[8] 广东省统计局.广东统计年鉴2013[M].中国统计出版社,2013.
[9] 马宁,严俊,马弘,等.2010年中国精神卫生机构和床位资源现状分析[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2012,26(12):885-889.
[10] World Health Organization.Mental health atlas 2005[M].Geneva:World Health Organization,2005.
[11] 马宁,严俊,马弘,等.中国精神科床位资源的理论配置[J].中国心理卫生杂志.2014.28(1):8-14.
[12] 孙永发,惠文,吴华章.精神卫生人力资源存在的问题及其政策分析[J].卫生经济研究,2012(2):23-25.
[13] 李戈,曹晓红,李力达,等.上海市精神卫生医疗机构床位及卫生技术人员配置[J].上海预防医学,2014,26(10):542-545.
[14] 中华人民共和国.中国统计年鉴2014[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2014.
[15] 陈艳,邬力祥.精神卫生人力资源空间集聚的原因及政府责任研究[J].东南学术,2012(3):31-39.
[16] 林熙,林曙光,李文燕.福建省精神卫生服务人员现状调查[J].海峡预防医学杂志,2012,18(1):31-32.
[17] 沈迟,陶星星,董琬月,等.利用集中指数评价西安市卫生资源配置公平性[J].中国卫生政策研究,2015,8(1):69-73.
[18] 何燕玲,朱紫青,张明园,等.中国精神科门诊服务的现状调查[J].上海精神医学,2002,14(z1):12-13
[19] 何燕玲,朱紫青,张明园,等.中国精神科住院服务的现状调查[J].上海精神医学,2002,14(z1):14-16.
[20] Dick T,Robert CC.Mental illness:the fundamental facts[M].London:Mental Health Foundation,1993.
[21] Australian Institute of Health and Welfare.Mental health services in Australia 2007-08[M].Canberra:Australian Institute of Health and Welfare,2010.