基于PSR模型的桂林喀斯特世界自然遗产地旅游生态环境安全评价与诊断
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摘要
基于生态环境安全视角,从"压力—状态—响应"(PSR)模型构建桂林喀斯特世界自然遗产地旅游生态环境安全评价指标体系,采用专家问卷法确定指标权重并计算生态环境安全综合指数值。研究结果表明:(1)2008年至2017年间,桂林喀斯特世界自然遗产地旅游生态环境安全指数呈现两个阶段,在2012年实现转折发展达到相对安全的等级。(2)在生态环境安全指数中,压力层P值处于小幅下降趋势,表明桂林喀斯特世界自然遗产在资源保护与利用方面秉承着保护为主、开发为辅、可持续利用的原则;状态层S值变化不明显,说明生态环境安全问题相对稳定但现实压力仍然存在;响应层R值处于不断上升的趋势,表明旅游发展对环境改善和治理的作用明显。(3)桂林喀斯特世界自然遗产地旅游生态环境安全仍面临较大压力,生态环境保护和治理工作仍应持续推进。
Based on the perspective of ecological environment security,the paper is to take the "pressure-state-response"(PSR) mode to construct the ecological security evaluation index of Guilin Karst World Heritage Site,and the expert questionnaire method is used to determine the index weight,then calculate the ecological environment security comprehensive index value.The study shows that:(1)from2008 to 2017,the Guilin karst heritage of tourism Eco-environment security index had two stages.In 2012,the index reached a relatively safe level;(2)in the Eco-environment security index,the P value of the pressure layer was decreasing slightly,indicating that the Guilin karst World Heritage was developed in resource conservation and utilization with the principles of protection as a prioiry,development as a subsidiary,and sustainable use.The S value of the state layer change is not obvious,indicating that the eco-environment security is relatively stable,but the actual pressure still exists;the R value of the response layer is in a rising trend,suggesting that tourism development has an obvious effect on environmental improvement;(3)the tourism Eco-environment security of Guilin Karst Heritage Site is still faced with great pressure,and eco-environmental protection and governance should continue to be advanced.
Based on the perspective of ecological environment security,the paper is to take the "pressure-state-response"(PSR) mode to construct the ecological security evaluation index of Guilin Karst World Heritage Site,and the expert questionnaire method is used to determine the index weight,then calculate the ecological environment security comprehensive index value.The study shows that:(1)from2008 to 2017,the Guilin karst heritage of tourism Eco-environment security index had two stages.In 2012,the index reached a relatively safe level;(2)in the Eco-environment security index,the P value of the pressure layer was decreasing slightly,indicating that the Guilin karst World Heritage was developed in resource conservation and utilization with the principles of protection as a prioiry,development as a subsidiary,and sustainable use.The S value of the state layer change is not obvious,indicating that the eco-environment security is relatively stable,but the actual pressure still exists;the R value of the response layer is in a rising trend,suggesting that tourism development has an obvious effect on environmental improvement;(3)the tourism Eco-environment security of Guilin Karst Heritage Site is still faced with great pressure,and eco-environmental protection and governance should continue to be advanced.
引文
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[6]唐怡,韦仕川.基于GIS和PSR模型的生态环境承载力时空差异研究---以海南省为例[J].中国农学通报,2018(11):40-47.
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[8]李远艳,安裕伦,杨广斌.基于PSR模型的喀斯特地区生态系统健康动态评价---以贵州省为例[J].水土保持研究,2015(6):279-286.
[9]蒋依依,张敏.基于PSR模型的旅游地生态持续性空间差异评价---以云南省玉龙纳西族自治县为例[J].资源科学,2013(2):332-340.
[10]孟秋莉.基于PSR模型的乡村旅游环境保护评价指标体系研究[J].生态经济,2017(4):121-126.
[2]Jeroen C.J.M van den Bergh.Spatial sustainability,trade and indicators:an evalaution of the ecological footprint[J].Ecological Economics,1999,29(1):61-72.
[3]Sorice M G,Shafer C S,Ditton R B.Managing endangered species within the use preservation paradox:The Florida manatee(trichechus manatus latirostris)as a tourism attraction[J].Environmental Management,2006,37(1):69-83.
[4]Jurado E N,Tejada M T,García F A,et al.Carrying capacity assessment for tourist destinations.Methodology for the creation of synthetic indicators applied in a coastal area[J].Tourism Management,2012,33(6):1337-1346.
[5]左伟,周惠珍,王桥.区域生态安全评价指标体系选取的概念框架研究[J].土壤,2003(1):2-7.
[6]唐怡,韦仕川.基于GIS和PSR模型的生态环境承载力时空差异研究---以海南省为例[J].中国农学通报,2018(11):40-47.
[7]王丽萍.生态足迹视角下河南省生态承载力研究[J].资源开发与市场,2017(12):1456-1460.
[8]李远艳,安裕伦,杨广斌.基于PSR模型的喀斯特地区生态系统健康动态评价---以贵州省为例[J].水土保持研究,2015(6):279-286.
[9]蒋依依,张敏.基于PSR模型的旅游地生态持续性空间差异评价---以云南省玉龙纳西族自治县为例[J].资源科学,2013(2):332-340.
[10]孟秋莉.基于PSR模型的乡村旅游环境保护评价指标体系研究[J].生态经济,2017(4):121-126.