弱耦合封闭声腔的声辐射模态理论与计算
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摘要
有源结构声控制是耦合封闭声腔的声辐射控制的有效方法。在此前的研究中有学者提出了"耦合封闭声腔的声辐射模态"概念,但其在概念和应用上均存在不便之处:其定义实质上是结构模态幅值的一组基函数,这与自由空间内声辐射模态是结构表面法向振速或声压的一组基函数的物理意义并不一致;另一方面,在计算和利用其进行控制时仍然需要用到结构模态,而在实际中辐射结构有用的结构模态信息难以准确、方便地得到。为了解决这些问题,类比自由空间声辐射模态理论,将声势能直接表示为结构表面法向振速的二次型形式,提出了新的结构向耦合封闭声腔的声辐射模态计算方法,并从理论上证明了当耦合面均匀离散时,在一定的条件下,可以简单地利用声腔模态投影向量代替耦合封闭声腔的声辐射模态,从而有效地节约计算资源。通过理论研究,形成了与自由空间内相统一、便于应用的耦合封闭声腔声辐射模态理论,数值计算案例表明,所提出的理论方法可以极大方便耦合封闭声腔的声辐射计算及其有源结构声控制。
Active Structural Acoustic Control(ASAC) is an efficient method in acoustic radiation control of coupling enclosure. In the past research of ASAC, the concept of "Acoustic Radiation Mode(ARM) of coupling enclosure" was brought forward, which was a set of basic functions of structural mode amplitude. However, there was an incompatibility with the ARM definition in free space radiation case which was a set of basic functions of normal velocity or pressure on the vibrating surface. Also, there was severe inconvenience for application as structural modes were required while accurate and useful structural modes were difficult to be extracted in practice. To overcome these problems, by analogy to ARM theory of free space, the acoustic potential energy was expressed in quadratic form of normal velocity on coupling surface and ARM of coupling enclosure was redefined. Furthermore, theoretic deduction showed that ARM of coupling enclosure could be replaced simply by corresponding acoustic mode projection of enclosure when the coupling surface was discretized into equal size elements. Therefore, the ARM theory of coupling enclosure which was consistent with that of free space and convenient for application was formed. Finally, numerical calculation was performed and the results proved that the presented theory was very efficient in ARM calculation of coupling enclosure and ASAC.
Active Structural Acoustic Control(ASAC) is an efficient method in acoustic radiation control of coupling enclosure. In the past research of ASAC, the concept of "Acoustic Radiation Mode(ARM) of coupling enclosure" was brought forward, which was a set of basic functions of structural mode amplitude. However, there was an incompatibility with the ARM definition in free space radiation case which was a set of basic functions of normal velocity or pressure on the vibrating surface. Also, there was severe inconvenience for application as structural modes were required while accurate and useful structural modes were difficult to be extracted in practice. To overcome these problems, by analogy to ARM theory of free space, the acoustic potential energy was expressed in quadratic form of normal velocity on coupling surface and ARM of coupling enclosure was redefined. Furthermore, theoretic deduction showed that ARM of coupling enclosure could be replaced simply by corresponding acoustic mode projection of enclosure when the coupling surface was discretized into equal size elements. Therefore, the ARM theory of coupling enclosure which was consistent with that of free space and convenient for application was formed. Finally, numerical calculation was performed and the results proved that the presented theory was very efficient in ARM calculation of coupling enclosure and ASAC.
引文
1 Borgiotti G V. The power radiated by a vibrating body in an acoustic fluid and its determination from boundary measurements. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1990; 88(4):1884-1893
2 Borgiotti G V, Jones K E. The determination of the acoustic farfield of a radiating body in an acoustic fluid from boundary measurements. J. Acoust. Soc. Am.,1993;93(5):2788-2797
3 Elliott S J, Johnson M E. Radiation modes and the active control of sound power. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1993; 94(4):2194-2204
4 Gary P G, Robert L C, David E C et al. Radiation modal expansion:Application to active structural acoustic control. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 2000; 107(1):332-339
5吴经彪,姜哲,朱利锋.基于声辐射模态的有源控制解耦.声学学报,2009; 34(5):453-461
6 Simpson M A, Luong T M, Fuller C R et al.Full scale demonstration tests of cabin noise reduction using active vibration control. J. Aircraft, 1991; 28(3):208-215
7 Pan J, Hansen C H, Bies D A. Active Control of noise transmission through a panel into a cavity:I Analytical study. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1990; 87(5):2098-2108
8 Pan J,Hansen C H. Active control of noise transmission through a panel into a cavity:II Experimental study. J.Acoust. Soc. Am., 1991; 90(3):1488-1492
9 Pan J, Hansen C H. Active Control of noise transmissionthrough a panel into a cavity:III Effect of the actuator location.J.Acoust. Soc. Am.,1991; 90(3):1493-1501
10 Kim S M, Brennan M J. Active control of harmonic sound transmission into an acoustic enclosure using both structural and acoustic actuators. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 2000;107(5):2523-2534
11 Hill S G, Tanaka N, Iwamoto H. A generalized approach for active control of structural-interior global noise:Practical implementation. J. Sound Vib., 2012; 331:3227-3239
12 Qiu X J, Sha J Z, Yang J. Mechanisms of active control of noise transmission through apanel into acavity using apointforce actuator on the panel.J.Sound Vib., 1995;182:167-170
13陈克安,马远良,孙进才.弹性结构封闭空间有源消声理论研究.声学学报,1994; 19(6):434-443
14王国领,许国贤,连小珉等.车内有源噪声控制的研究.清华大学学报,1996; 36(4):23-26
15谢建良,陈南.封闭空间中结构声辐射的有源力控制研究.振动工程学报,1999; 12(1):15-20
16耿厚才,饶柱石.外力和外声源共同作用下复杂封闭空间的有源消声.声学学报,2002; 27(2):107-111
17饶柱石,罗超等.复杂封闭空间有源消声系统的建模新方法.振动工程学报,2003; 16(4)
18 JIN Guoyong, YANG Tiejun, LIU Zhigang, JI Zhenlin, LI Wanyou. Analytical research on structural-acoustic coupling of a cavity surrounded by flexible panel. Chinese Journal of Acoustics, 2007; 26(2):138-157
19靳国永,杨铁军,刘志刚.基于声辐射模态的有源结构声传入及其辐射控制·声学学报,2009; 34(3):256-265
2 Borgiotti G V, Jones K E. The determination of the acoustic farfield of a radiating body in an acoustic fluid from boundary measurements. J. Acoust. Soc. Am.,1993;93(5):2788-2797
3 Elliott S J, Johnson M E. Radiation modes and the active control of sound power. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1993; 94(4):2194-2204
4 Gary P G, Robert L C, David E C et al. Radiation modal expansion:Application to active structural acoustic control. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 2000; 107(1):332-339
5吴经彪,姜哲,朱利锋.基于声辐射模态的有源控制解耦.声学学报,2009; 34(5):453-461
6 Simpson M A, Luong T M, Fuller C R et al.Full scale demonstration tests of cabin noise reduction using active vibration control. J. Aircraft, 1991; 28(3):208-215
7 Pan J, Hansen C H, Bies D A. Active Control of noise transmission through a panel into a cavity:I Analytical study. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 1990; 87(5):2098-2108
8 Pan J,Hansen C H. Active control of noise transmission through a panel into a cavity:II Experimental study. J.Acoust. Soc. Am., 1991; 90(3):1488-1492
9 Pan J, Hansen C H. Active Control of noise transmissionthrough a panel into a cavity:III Effect of the actuator location.J.Acoust. Soc. Am.,1991; 90(3):1493-1501
10 Kim S M, Brennan M J. Active control of harmonic sound transmission into an acoustic enclosure using both structural and acoustic actuators. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 2000;107(5):2523-2534
11 Hill S G, Tanaka N, Iwamoto H. A generalized approach for active control of structural-interior global noise:Practical implementation. J. Sound Vib., 2012; 331:3227-3239
12 Qiu X J, Sha J Z, Yang J. Mechanisms of active control of noise transmission through apanel into acavity using apointforce actuator on the panel.J.Sound Vib., 1995;182:167-170
13陈克安,马远良,孙进才.弹性结构封闭空间有源消声理论研究.声学学报,1994; 19(6):434-443
14王国领,许国贤,连小珉等.车内有源噪声控制的研究.清华大学学报,1996; 36(4):23-26
15谢建良,陈南.封闭空间中结构声辐射的有源力控制研究.振动工程学报,1999; 12(1):15-20
16耿厚才,饶柱石.外力和外声源共同作用下复杂封闭空间的有源消声.声学学报,2002; 27(2):107-111
17饶柱石,罗超等.复杂封闭空间有源消声系统的建模新方法.振动工程学报,2003; 16(4)
18 JIN Guoyong, YANG Tiejun, LIU Zhigang, JI Zhenlin, LI Wanyou. Analytical research on structural-acoustic coupling of a cavity surrounded by flexible panel. Chinese Journal of Acoustics, 2007; 26(2):138-157
19靳国永,杨铁军,刘志刚.基于声辐射模态的有源结构声传入及其辐射控制·声学学报,2009; 34(3):256-265