基于TRIZ和QFD理论的视障儿童玩具创新设计
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摘要
目的设计一款适合视障儿童的创新型玩具。方法利用QFD理论建立视障儿童用玩具的质量屋,将顾客需求转化为产品技术特性,找到两对技术矛盾:外形与凹凸块契合度的矛盾,即外形越大,契合度越难;外壳材质与声音的矛盾,即在杨氏模量一定的情况下,外壳的密度越小,声速越大、响度越大。利用TRIZ理论的39个通用工程参数和40个发明原理解决上述两对技术矛盾。结论提出了一种可行性方案,主要包括外形、内部构造与玩法3部分的设计,与目前市场上现有的视障儿童玩具相比该创新型玩具同时达到了锻炼视障儿童的记忆力、感知能力、认知能力和动手操作能力的效果。
The work aims to design an innovative toy suitable for visually impaired children. The QFD theory was used to establish the house of quality of toys for visually impaired children. The customer needs were transformed into the technical characteristics of the products, and two pairs of technical contradictions were found: the contradiction between the shape and the fit degree of concave-convex blocks, i.e. the bigger the shape, the harder the fit degree; the contradiction between the shell material and sound, that is, under the condition of constant Young modulus, the smaller the density of the shell, the greater the sound speed and loudness. The two pairs of technical contradictions above were solved with 39 general engineering parameters and 40 inventive principles of TRIZ theory. A feasible scheme is proposed. It mainly includes three parts: shape, internal structure and playing method. Compared with the existing toys for visually impaired children on the market, the innovative toy achieves the effect of exercising the memory, perception, cognitive and manipulative ability of visually impaired children at the same time.
The work aims to design an innovative toy suitable for visually impaired children. The QFD theory was used to establish the house of quality of toys for visually impaired children. The customer needs were transformed into the technical characteristics of the products, and two pairs of technical contradictions were found: the contradiction between the shape and the fit degree of concave-convex blocks, i.e. the bigger the shape, the harder the fit degree; the contradiction between the shell material and sound, that is, under the condition of constant Young modulus, the smaller the density of the shell, the greater the sound speed and loudness. The two pairs of technical contradictions above were solved with 39 general engineering parameters and 40 inventive principles of TRIZ theory. A feasible scheme is proposed. It mainly includes three parts: shape, internal structure and playing method. Compared with the existing toys for visually impaired children on the market, the innovative toy achieves the effect of exercising the memory, perception, cognitive and manipulative ability of visually impaired children at the same time.
引文
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[9]王秀红.基于QFD和TRIZ集成理论的电动吸尘黑板擦创新设计[J].包装工程, 2014, 35(18):39—60.WANGXiu-hong.InnovativeDesignofElectricVacuumBlackboardEraserBasedonQFDandTRIZ[J].Packaging Engineering, 2014, 35(18):39—60.
[10]李平平,任工昌,陈红柳.多方法集成创新在产品形态设计中的应用研究[J].现代制造工程,2014(1):33—37.LIPing-ping,RENGong-chan,CHENHong-liu.ApplicationResearchontheProductformDesignofthe IntegratedInnovationofMultipleMethods[J].Modern Manufacturing Engineering, 2014(1):33—37.
[11]杜功焕.声学基础[M].南京:南京大学出版社, 2012.DUGong-huan.AcousticsFoundation[M].Nanjing:Nanjing University Press, China, 2012.
[2]方俊明.开创我国特殊教育发展的新局面[J].中国特殊教育, 2017(8):5—6.FANG Jun-ming. A New Situation in the Development of Special Education in China[J]. China Special Education, 2017(8):5—6.
[3]胡晓毅,岳孝龙,贾睿.我国视障与听障儿童家庭需求和家庭生活质量现状及关系研究[J].理论研讨,2016(3):23—27.HUXiao-yi,YUEXiao-long,JIARui.TheStatusand Relationship Between Family Needs and Family Quality of Life of Children with Visual and Hearing Impairment in China[J]. Theoretical Discussion, 2016(3):23—27.
[4]孙圣涛,刘海燕.视障儿童与普通儿童理解与使用情绪表达规则的比较[J].中国特殊教育,2009(2):47—51.SUN Sheng-tao, LIU Hai-yan. The Comparison of children with visual impairment and ordinary Children UnderstandingandUseofEmotionExpressionRules[J].Chinese Special Education, 2009(2):47—51.
[5]韩福荣.现代质量管理学[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2016:13—18.HANFu-rong.ModernQualityManagementScience[M]. Beijing:Machinery Industry Press, 2016:13—18.
[6]陈国强,王振,董超.基于TRIZ创新理论的便携式耳机设计[J].包装工程, 2013, 34(12):42—45.CHEN Guo-qiang, WANG Zhen, DONG Chao. Portable HeadsetDesignBasedonTRIZ[J].PackagingEngineering, 2017, 38(2):175—179.
[7]崔憧遥,张简一,杜强.TRIZ理论的40个发明原理在儿童家具设计中的应用[J].包装工程,2017,38(2):175—179.CUIChong-yao,ZHANGJian-yi,DUQiang.Applicationof40InventivePrinciplesofTRIZTheoryinthe Children's Furniture Design[J]. Packaging Engineering,2017, 38(2):175—179.
[8]易雪峰,游娅娜.基于QFD和TRIZ的儿童床改良设计[J].包装工程, 2017, 38(6):246—250.YIXue-feng,YOUYa-na.ImprovedDesignforChildren's Beds Based on QFD and TRIZ[J]. Packaging Engineering, 2017, 38(6):246—250.
[9]王秀红.基于QFD和TRIZ集成理论的电动吸尘黑板擦创新设计[J].包装工程, 2014, 35(18):39—60.WANGXiu-hong.InnovativeDesignofElectricVacuumBlackboardEraserBasedonQFDandTRIZ[J].Packaging Engineering, 2014, 35(18):39—60.
[10]李平平,任工昌,陈红柳.多方法集成创新在产品形态设计中的应用研究[J].现代制造工程,2014(1):33—37.LIPing-ping,RENGong-chan,CHENHong-liu.ApplicationResearchontheProductformDesignofthe IntegratedInnovationofMultipleMethods[J].Modern Manufacturing Engineering, 2014(1):33—37.
[11]杜功焕.声学基础[M].南京:南京大学出版社, 2012.DUGong-huan.AcousticsFoundation[M].Nanjing:Nanjing University Press, China, 2012.
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