摘要
阐述规制对创新的影响,分析科技的快速发展对规制带来的挑战,研究主要国家面向创新的规制改革做法,具体包括探索建立创新友好的规制框架,针对新兴技术领域进行规制改革,减轻规制负担并提高其灵活性,并结合我国的实际情况,提出对策建议。
This paper describes the influence of regulations on innovation and analyzes the challenges that the rapid development of science and technology brings to the regulations. It studies the practices of some countries' innovation-oriented regulation reforms which include: exploring and establishing an innovation-friendly regulatory framework,reforming regulation in the fields of emerging technologies,reducing regulatory burden and increasing flexibility. At last,this paper offers some advice to China based on China's practical situation.
引文
[1]赵京国.20世纪末美国政府规制改革历程及启示[J].行政与法,2012(4):15-19.
[2]PELKMANS J,RENDA A.Does EU regulation hinder or stimulate innovation?[R].CEPS Special Report[S.L.∶s.n.],2014.
[3]刘志迎,陶爱萍.高新技术产业规制问题的探讨[J].科学学研究,2003(6):284-288.
[4]王春法.论政府管制对于技术创新活动的影响[J].世界经济与政治,1999(2):10-14.
[5]PORTER M E.America’s green strategy[J].Scientific American,1991(4):142-153.
[6]JOHNSTONE N,HASCIC I,POPP D.Renewable energy policies and technological innovation:Evidence based on patent counts[J].Environmental and Resource Economics,2010,45(1):55-133.
[7]王健.美国规制改革与产业振兴[J].国家行政学院学报,2001(2):84-88.
[8]傅俊英,赵蕴华.美国干细胞领域的相关政策及研发和投入分析[J].中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2011(11):8537-8541.
[9]EUROPEAN COMMISSION.Better Regulation“Toolbox”[EB/OL].(2015-12-01)[2017-05-06].http://ec.europa.eu/smartregulation/index_en.htm.
[10]EUROPEAN COMMISSIONDIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR RE-SEARCH AND INNOVATION.Better regulations for innovation-driven investment at EU level[EB/OL].(2015-12-15)[2017-03-10].http://edz.bib.uni-mannheim.de/edz/pdf/swd/2015/swd-2015-0298-en.pdf.
[11]US DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION.Federal Automated Vehicles Policy[EB/OL].(2016-09-30)[2017-03-09].https://www.transportation.gov/AV/federal-automated-vehiclespolicy-september-2016.
[12]EUROPEAN COMMISSION.Consult contributions received via"Lighten the load"[EB/OL].(2012-10-16)[2017-01-16].http://ec.europa.eu/smart-regulation/refit/simplification/consultation/contributions_en.htm.