南海西南次海盆基底形态特征及控制因素
|
摘要
本文解释了横穿南海西南次海盆的两条多道地震测线,对南海西南次海盆的基底形态特征进行了描述和分类,并讨论了基底形态与扩张速率之间的对应关系。研究结果表明,西南次海盆基底可以分为两种类型:类型1为岩浆作用主导的平坦基底,局部有岩浆侵入;类型2为构造作用主导的掀斜断块。扩张速率的计算表明:N3测线所代表的西南次海盆北东段的半扩张速率在13～36mm/a之间周期性变化,而在NH973-1所代表的中段半扩张速率基本稳定在19mm/a左右,未有明显变化。海盆基底的类型变化与扩张速率的对应关系明显,在扩张速率较快的区域以类型1为主,而在扩张速率慢的区域以类型2为主。西南次海盆北东段扩张速率呈现周期性变化,相应海盆基底也表现为相间排列;而西南次海盆中段的基底比较单一,以类型2为主。南海西南次海盆北东段扩张时间更久,并可能存在周期性活动的岩浆房;而海盆中段海底扩张发生较晚,岩浆作用较弱,从而造成西南次海盆从北东到南西不同的基底形态特征。
We interpreted two multi-channel seismic profiles across the Southwest Sub-Basin(SWSB)of the South China Sea to clarify the oceanic basement types based on the regional morphological and structural features.We calculated half-spreading rates in different areas and analyzed their relationship with the basement types.Our geological interpretations recognized two typical types of the oceanic basement:typeⅠrepresents flat basement influenced by localized volcanic eruptions;and type Ⅱ features rotated blocks controlled by normal faulting.The calculated spreading rates showed that the half-spreading rate in the northeastern SWSB,represented by seismic profile N3,was between 13 and 36 mm/a;whereas in the middle SWSB,represented by the seismic profile NH973-1,the rate was largely stable at about 19 mm/a.The correlation between basement type and half-spreading rate is clear:typeⅠbasement corresponds to higher spreading rate and type II to lower spreading rate.The spreading rate in the northeastern SWSB varies periodically,following the inter-phase distribution pattern of the two basement types.The middle SWSB is dominated by typeⅡ basement with a stable spreading rate.We suggest that the longer spreading history and higher magma budget in the northeastern SWSB may be the controlling factors for the complex basement morphology in this area.
We interpreted two multi-channel seismic profiles across the Southwest Sub-Basin(SWSB)of the South China Sea to clarify the oceanic basement types based on the regional morphological and structural features.We calculated half-spreading rates in different areas and analyzed their relationship with the basement types.Our geological interpretations recognized two typical types of the oceanic basement:typeⅠrepresents flat basement influenced by localized volcanic eruptions;and type Ⅱ features rotated blocks controlled by normal faulting.The calculated spreading rates showed that the half-spreading rate in the northeastern SWSB,represented by seismic profile N3,was between 13 and 36 mm/a;whereas in the middle SWSB,represented by the seismic profile NH973-1,the rate was largely stable at about 19 mm/a.The correlation between basement type and half-spreading rate is clear:typeⅠbasement corresponds to higher spreading rate and type II to lower spreading rate.The spreading rate in the northeastern SWSB varies periodically,following the inter-phase distribution pattern of the two basement types.The middle SWSB is dominated by typeⅡ basement with a stable spreading rate.We suggest that the longer spreading history and higher magma budget in the northeastern SWSB may be the controlling factors for the complex basement morphology in this area.
引文
[1]CHEN Y J.Oceanic crustal thickness versus spreading rate[J].Geophysical Research Letters,1992,19(8):753-756.DOI:10.1029/92GL00161.
[2]MCCLAIN J S,ATALLAH C A.Thickening of the oceanic crust with age[J].Geology,1986,14(7):574.DOI:10.1130/0091-7613(1986)14<574:TOTOCW>2.0.CO;2.
[3]PURDY G M,KONG L S L,CHRISTESON G L,et al.Relationship between spreading rate and the seismic structure of mid-ocean ridges[J].Nature,1992,355(6363):815-817.DOI:10.1038/355815a0.
[4]MORGAN J P,GHEN Y J.Dependence of ridge-axis morphology on magma supply and spreading rate[J].Nature,1993,364(6439):706-708.DOI:10.1038/364706a0.
[5]DICK H J,LIN J,SCHOUTEN H.An ultraslow-spreading class of ocean ridge[J].Nature,2003,426(6965):405-12.DOI:10.1038/nature02128.
[6]DING W W,LI J B,ZHAO M H.Preface:magmatic and tectonic process,seabed resource from the mid-ocean ridge to continental margin[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):1-2.DOI:10.1007/s11001-017-9308-5.
[7]TAO C,CHEN S,BAKER E T,et al.Hydrothermal plume mapping as a prospecting tool for seafloor sulfide deposits:a case study at the Zouyu-1and Zouyu-2hydrothermal fields in the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):3-16.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9275-2.
[8]TAO C,WU T,LIU C,et al.Fault inference and boundary recognition based on near-bottom magnetic data in the Longqi hydrothermal field[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38:1-9.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9283-2.
[9]LUO W,ZHAO M,ZHANG J,et al.Relocation of two earthquakes in the Southwest Indian Ridge area combining land seismic stations'with OBSs'data[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):1-11.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9289-9.
[10]RUAN A,HU H,LI J,et al.Crustal structure and mantle transition zone thickness beneath a hydrothermal vent at the ultra-slow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge(49°39′E):a supplementary study based on passive seismic receiver functions[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2016,38(1/2):1-8.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9298-8.
[11]CHEN L,TANG L,YU X,et al.Mantle source heterogeneity and magmatic evolution at Carlsberg Ridge(3.7°N):constraints from elemental and isotopic(Sr,Nd,Pb)data[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):47-60.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9292-1.
[12]SUO Y,LI S,LI X,et al.The potential hydrothermal systems unexplored in the Southwest Indian Ocean[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1):1-10.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9300-5.
[13]YANG W,TAO C,LI H,et al.230Th/238 U dating of hydrothermal sulfides from Duanqiao hydrothermal field,Southwest Indian Ridge[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):71-83.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9279-y.
[14]赵明辉,丘学林,徐辉龙,等.南海南部深地震探测及南北共轭陆缘对比[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2011,36(5):823-830.DOI:10.3799/dqkx.2011.085.
[15]李家彪,丁巍伟,吴自银,等.南海西南海盆的渐进式扩张[J].科学通报,2012,57(20):1896-1905.
[16]QIU X L,ZHAO M H,AO W,et al.OBS survey and crustal structure of the SW Sub-Basin and Nansha Block,South China Sea[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(6):1009-1021.DOI:10.1002/cjg2.1680.
[17]YU Z,LI J,DING W,et al.Crustal structure of the Southwest Subbasin,South China Sea,from wide-angle seismic tomography and seismic reflection imaging[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):85-104.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9284-1.
[18]BRAITENBERG C,WIENECKE S,WANG Y.Basement structures from satellite-derived gravity field:South China Sea ridge[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth,2006,111(B5).DOI:10.1029/2005JB003938.
[19]WANG Y,WANG J,YAN P,et al.An anomalous seamount on the Southwestern Mid-Ridge of the South China Sea[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2017,91(6):2340-2341.DOI:10.1111/1755-6724.13479.
[20]赵长煜,宋海斌,李家彪,等.南海西南次海盆nh973-1测线地震解释[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(12):3258-3268.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.12.024.
[21]DING W W,LI J B,CLIFT P D.Spreading dynamics and sedimentary process of the Southwest Sub-Basin,South China Sea:constraints from multi-channel seismic data and IO-DP Expedition 349[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2016,115:97-113.DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.09.013.
[22]TAYLOR B,HAYES D E.The tectonic evolution of the South China Basin[J].Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph,1980,23:89-104.DOI:10.1029/GM023p0089.
[23]TAYLOR B,HAYES D E.Origin and history of the South China Sea Basin[J].Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph,1983,27:23-56.DOI:10.1029/GM027p0023.
[24]BRIAIS A,PATRIAT P,TAPPONNIER P.Updated interpretation of magnetic anomalies and seafloor spreading stages in the South China Sea:implications for the Tertiary tectonics of Southeast Asia[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,1993,98(B4):6299-6328.DOI:10.1029/92JB02280.
[25]HALL R.Cenozoic geological and plate tectonic evolution of SE Asia and the SW Pacific:computer-based reconstructions,model and animations[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2002,20(4):353-431.DOI:10.1016/S1367-9120(01)00069-4.
[26]BARCKHAUSEN U,ROESER H A.Seafloor spreading anomalies in the South China Sea revisited[J].Continent Ocean Interactions within East Asian Marginal Seas,2004,121-125.DOI:10.1029/149GM07.
[27]SUN Z,ZHONG Z H,KEEP M,et al.3Danalogue modeling of the South China Sea:a discussion on breakup pattern[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2009,34(4):544-556.DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2008.09.002.
[28]CULLENA,REEMST P,HENSTRA G,et al.Rifting of the South China Sea:new perspectives[J].Petroleum Geoscience,2010,16(3):273-282.DOI:10.1144/1354-079309-908.
[29]LI J B,DING W W,WU Z Y,et al.The propagation of seafloor spreading in the Southwestern Subbasin,South China Sea[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2012,57(24):3182-3191.DOI:10.1007/s11434-012-5329-2.
[30]FRANKE D,SAVVA D,PUBELLIER M,et al.The final rifting evolution in the South China Sea[J].Marine&Petroleum Geology,2014,58:704-720.DOI:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.11.020.
[31]BARCKHAUSEN U,ENGELS M,FRANKE D,et al.Evolution of the South China Sea:revised ages for breakup and seafloor spreading[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2014,58:599-611.DOI:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.02.022.
[32]Expedition 349Scientists.South China Sea tectonics:opening of the South China Sea and its implications for Southeast Asian tectonics,climates,and deep mantle processes since the Late Mesozoic[J].International Ocean Discovery Program Preliminary Report,2014,349.http:∥dx.DOI.org/10.14379/iodp.pr.349.2014.DOI:10.14379/iodp.pr.349.2014.
[33]WEI X,RUAN A,LI J,et al.S-wave velocity structure and tectonic implications of the northwestern sub-basin and Macclesfield of the South China Sea[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):125-136.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9288-x.
[34]HAYES D E,NISSEN S S.The South China Sea margins:implications for rifting contrasts[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2005,237(3):601-616.DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.06.017.
[35]LI C F,SONG T R.Magnetic recording of the Cenozoic oceanic crustal accretion and evolution of the South China Sea Basin[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2012,57(24):3165-3181.DOI:10.1007/s11434-012-5063-9.
[36]LI C F,XU X,LIN J,et al.Ages and magnetic structures of the South China Sea constrained by deep tow magnetic surveys and IODP Expedition 349[J].Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems,2014,15(12):4958-4983.DOI:10.1002/2014GC005567.
[37]YAN Q,SHI X,CASTILLO P R.The Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the South China Sea:apetrologic perspective[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2014,85(2):178-201.DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.02.005.
[38]KOPPERS A A P.On the 40 Ar/39 Ar dating of low-potassium ocean crust basalt from IODP Expedition 349,South China Sea[C]∥AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts.San Francisco,California:AGU,2014:T31E-03.
[39]DING W W,FRANKE D,LI J B,et al.Seismic stratigraphy and tectonic structure from a composite multi-channel seismic profile across the entire dangerous grounds,South China Sea[J].Tectonophysics,2013,582(582):162-176.DOI:10.1016/j.tecto.2012.09.026.
[40]HUTCHISON C S,BERGMAN S C,SWAUGER D A,et al.A Miocene collisional belt in North Borneo:uplift mechanism and isostatic adjustment quantified by thermochronology[J].Journal of the Geological Society,2000,157(4):783-794.DOI:10.1144/jgs.157.4.783.
[41]CLIFT P,LEE G H,DUC N A,et al.Seismic reflection evidence for a dangerous grounds miniplate:no extrusion origin for the South China Sea[J].Tectonics,2008,27(3):3043-3061.DOI:10.1029/2007TC002216.
[42]HUTCHISON C S.The North-west Borneo Trough[J].Marine Geology,2010,271(1/2):32-43.DOI:10.1016/j.margeo.2010.01.007.
[43]YUMUL G P,DIMALANTA C B,TAMAYO R A,et al.Collision,subduction and accretion events in the Philippines:a synthesis[J].Island Arc,2003,12(2):77-91.DOI:10.1046/j.1440-1738.2003.00382.x.
[44]CANDE S C,KENT D V.Revised calibration of the geomagnetic polarity timescale for the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1995,100(B4):6093-6095.DOI:10.1029/94JB03098.
[45]孙珍,孙龙涛,周蒂,等.南海岩石圈破裂方式与扩张过程的三维物理模拟[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2009,34(3):435-447.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-2383.2009.03.008.
[46]于俊辉,阎贫,林间.南海西南次海盆与超慢速扩张西南印度洋中脊地壳结构对比[J].热带海洋学报,2017(6):51-61.DOI:10.11978/2017044.
[47]NORRELL G T,HARPER G D.Detachment faulting and amagmatic extension at mid-ocean ridges:the Josephine ophiolite as an example[J].Geology,1988,16(9):827.DOI:10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0827:DFAAEA>2.3.CO;2.
[48]TUCHOLKE B E,LIN J.A geological model for the structure of ridge segments in slow spreading ocean crust[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,1994,99(B6):11937-11958.DOI:10.1029/94JB00338.
[49]POCKALNY R A,SMITH A,GENTE P.Spatial and temporal variability of crustal magnetization of a slowly spreading ridge:mid-atlantic ridge(20°-24°N)[J].Marine Geophysical Researches,1995,17(3):301-320.DOI:10.1007/BF01203467.
[50]BONATTI E,LIGI M,BRUNELLI D,et al.Mantle thermal pulses below the mid-atlantic ridge and temporal variations in the formation of oceanic lithosphere[J].Nature,2003,423(6939):499-505.DOI:10.1038/nature01594.
[51]MACDONALD K C.Mid-ocean ridges:fine scale tectonic,volcanic and hydrothermal processes within the plate boundary zone[J].Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,1982,10(1):155-190.DOI:10.1146/annurev.ea.10.050182.001103.
[52]SCHEIRER D S,MACDONALD K C,FORSYTH D W,et al.Abundant seamounts of the rano rahi seamount field near the southern east pacific rise,15°S to 19°S[J].Marine Geophysical Researches,1996,18(1):13-52.DOI:10.1007/BF00286202.
[53]CANALES J P,DANOBEITIA J J,DETRICK R S,et al.Variations in axial morphology along the galápagos spreading center and the influence of the galápagos hotspot[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,1997,102(B12):27341-27354.DOI:10.1029/97JB01633.
[54]HOOFT E E E,DETRICK R S.Relationship between axial morphology,crustal thickness,and mantle temperature along the Juan de Fuca and Gorda ridges[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,1995,100(B11):22499-22508.DOI:10.1029/95JB02502.
[55]MA Y,COCHRAN J R.Transitions in axial morphology along the southeastindian ridge[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1996,1011(B7):15849-15866.DOI:10.1029/95JB03038.
[56]GRACIA E,TISSEAU C,MAIA M,et al.Variability of the axial morphology and of the gravity structure along the central spreading ridge(North Fiji basin):evidence for contrasting thermal regimes[J].Marine Geophysical Researches,1996,18(2/3/4):249-273.DOI:10.1007/BF00286080.
[57]CANNAT M,SAUTER D,MENDEL V,et al.Modes of seafloor generation at a melt-poor ultraslow-spreading ridge[J].Geology,2006,34(7):605-608.DOI:10.1130/G22486.1.
[58]于俊辉,阎贫,郑红波,等.南海西南次海盆反射莫霍面成像及其地质意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2017(2):75-81.DOI:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2017.02.008.
[59]ZHANG J,LI J B,RUAN A,et al.The velocity structure of a fossil spreading centre in the Southwest Sub-Basin,South China Sea[J].Geological Journal,2016,51(Suppl1):548-561.DOI:10.1002/gj.2778.
[60]PARKIN C J,LUNNON Z C,WHITE R S,et al.Imaging the pulsing Iceland mantle plume through the Eocene[J].Geology,2007,35(1):93-96.
[61]PARKIN C J,WHITE R S.Influence of the Iceland mantle plume on oceanic crust generation in the North Atlantic[J].Geophysical Journal International,2008,173(1):168-188.
[62]SCOTT D R,STEVENSON D J.Magma solitons[J].Geophysical Research Letters,1984,11(11):1161-1164.DOI:10.1029/GL011i011p01161.
[63]WHITEHEAD J A,DICK H J B,SCHOUTEN H.A mechanism for magmatic accretion under spreading centres[J].Nature,1984,312(5990):146-148.DOI:10.1038/312146a0.
[64]SCHOUTEN H,KLITGORD K D,WHITEHEAD J A.Segmentation of mid-ocean ridges[J].Nature,1985,317(6034):225-229.DOI:10.1038/317225a0.
[65]蔡学林,朱介寿,程先琼,等.南海复蘑菇状地幔低速柱结构及其地幔动力学[J].中国地质,2010,37(2):268-279.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2010.02.002.
[66]鄢全树,石学法.海南地幔柱与南海形成演化[J].高校地质学报,2007,13(2):311-322.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7493.2007.02.014.
[67]张洁,李家彪,李细兵,等.渐进式扩张海盆亚丁湾与南海西南次海盆扩张演化特征的对比[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(12):3079-3088.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.12.009.
[68]ZHANG G L,LUO Q,ZHAO J,et al.Geochemical nature of sub-ridge mantle and opening dynamics of the South China Sea[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2018,489:145-155.DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.02.040.
[2]MCCLAIN J S,ATALLAH C A.Thickening of the oceanic crust with age[J].Geology,1986,14(7):574.DOI:10.1130/0091-7613(1986)14<574:TOTOCW>2.0.CO;2.
[3]PURDY G M,KONG L S L,CHRISTESON G L,et al.Relationship between spreading rate and the seismic structure of mid-ocean ridges[J].Nature,1992,355(6363):815-817.DOI:10.1038/355815a0.
[4]MORGAN J P,GHEN Y J.Dependence of ridge-axis morphology on magma supply and spreading rate[J].Nature,1993,364(6439):706-708.DOI:10.1038/364706a0.
[5]DICK H J,LIN J,SCHOUTEN H.An ultraslow-spreading class of ocean ridge[J].Nature,2003,426(6965):405-12.DOI:10.1038/nature02128.
[6]DING W W,LI J B,ZHAO M H.Preface:magmatic and tectonic process,seabed resource from the mid-ocean ridge to continental margin[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):1-2.DOI:10.1007/s11001-017-9308-5.
[7]TAO C,CHEN S,BAKER E T,et al.Hydrothermal plume mapping as a prospecting tool for seafloor sulfide deposits:a case study at the Zouyu-1and Zouyu-2hydrothermal fields in the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):3-16.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9275-2.
[8]TAO C,WU T,LIU C,et al.Fault inference and boundary recognition based on near-bottom magnetic data in the Longqi hydrothermal field[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38:1-9.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9283-2.
[9]LUO W,ZHAO M,ZHANG J,et al.Relocation of two earthquakes in the Southwest Indian Ridge area combining land seismic stations'with OBSs'data[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):1-11.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9289-9.
[10]RUAN A,HU H,LI J,et al.Crustal structure and mantle transition zone thickness beneath a hydrothermal vent at the ultra-slow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge(49°39′E):a supplementary study based on passive seismic receiver functions[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2016,38(1/2):1-8.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9298-8.
[11]CHEN L,TANG L,YU X,et al.Mantle source heterogeneity and magmatic evolution at Carlsberg Ridge(3.7°N):constraints from elemental and isotopic(Sr,Nd,Pb)data[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):47-60.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9292-1.
[12]SUO Y,LI S,LI X,et al.The potential hydrothermal systems unexplored in the Southwest Indian Ocean[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1):1-10.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9300-5.
[13]YANG W,TAO C,LI H,et al.230Th/238 U dating of hydrothermal sulfides from Duanqiao hydrothermal field,Southwest Indian Ridge[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):71-83.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9279-y.
[14]赵明辉,丘学林,徐辉龙,等.南海南部深地震探测及南北共轭陆缘对比[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2011,36(5):823-830.DOI:10.3799/dqkx.2011.085.
[15]李家彪,丁巍伟,吴自银,等.南海西南海盆的渐进式扩张[J].科学通报,2012,57(20):1896-1905.
[16]QIU X L,ZHAO M H,AO W,et al.OBS survey and crustal structure of the SW Sub-Basin and Nansha Block,South China Sea[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2011,54(6):1009-1021.DOI:10.1002/cjg2.1680.
[17]YU Z,LI J,DING W,et al.Crustal structure of the Southwest Subbasin,South China Sea,from wide-angle seismic tomography and seismic reflection imaging[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):85-104.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9284-1.
[18]BRAITENBERG C,WIENECKE S,WANG Y.Basement structures from satellite-derived gravity field:South China Sea ridge[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth,2006,111(B5).DOI:10.1029/2005JB003938.
[19]WANG Y,WANG J,YAN P,et al.An anomalous seamount on the Southwestern Mid-Ridge of the South China Sea[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2017,91(6):2340-2341.DOI:10.1111/1755-6724.13479.
[20]赵长煜,宋海斌,李家彪,等.南海西南次海盆nh973-1测线地震解释[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(12):3258-3268.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.12.024.
[21]DING W W,LI J B,CLIFT P D.Spreading dynamics and sedimentary process of the Southwest Sub-Basin,South China Sea:constraints from multi-channel seismic data and IO-DP Expedition 349[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2016,115:97-113.DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2015.09.013.
[22]TAYLOR B,HAYES D E.The tectonic evolution of the South China Basin[J].Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph,1980,23:89-104.DOI:10.1029/GM023p0089.
[23]TAYLOR B,HAYES D E.Origin and history of the South China Sea Basin[J].Washington DC American Geophysical Union Geophysical Monograph,1983,27:23-56.DOI:10.1029/GM027p0023.
[24]BRIAIS A,PATRIAT P,TAPPONNIER P.Updated interpretation of magnetic anomalies and seafloor spreading stages in the South China Sea:implications for the Tertiary tectonics of Southeast Asia[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres,1993,98(B4):6299-6328.DOI:10.1029/92JB02280.
[25]HALL R.Cenozoic geological and plate tectonic evolution of SE Asia and the SW Pacific:computer-based reconstructions,model and animations[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2002,20(4):353-431.DOI:10.1016/S1367-9120(01)00069-4.
[26]BARCKHAUSEN U,ROESER H A.Seafloor spreading anomalies in the South China Sea revisited[J].Continent Ocean Interactions within East Asian Marginal Seas,2004,121-125.DOI:10.1029/149GM07.
[27]SUN Z,ZHONG Z H,KEEP M,et al.3Danalogue modeling of the South China Sea:a discussion on breakup pattern[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2009,34(4):544-556.DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2008.09.002.
[28]CULLENA,REEMST P,HENSTRA G,et al.Rifting of the South China Sea:new perspectives[J].Petroleum Geoscience,2010,16(3):273-282.DOI:10.1144/1354-079309-908.
[29]LI J B,DING W W,WU Z Y,et al.The propagation of seafloor spreading in the Southwestern Subbasin,South China Sea[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2012,57(24):3182-3191.DOI:10.1007/s11434-012-5329-2.
[30]FRANKE D,SAVVA D,PUBELLIER M,et al.The final rifting evolution in the South China Sea[J].Marine&Petroleum Geology,2014,58:704-720.DOI:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2013.11.020.
[31]BARCKHAUSEN U,ENGELS M,FRANKE D,et al.Evolution of the South China Sea:revised ages for breakup and seafloor spreading[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2014,58:599-611.DOI:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.02.022.
[32]Expedition 349Scientists.South China Sea tectonics:opening of the South China Sea and its implications for Southeast Asian tectonics,climates,and deep mantle processes since the Late Mesozoic[J].International Ocean Discovery Program Preliminary Report,2014,349.http:∥dx.DOI.org/10.14379/iodp.pr.349.2014.DOI:10.14379/iodp.pr.349.2014.
[33]WEI X,RUAN A,LI J,et al.S-wave velocity structure and tectonic implications of the northwestern sub-basin and Macclesfield of the South China Sea[J].Marine Geophysical Research,2017,38(1/2):125-136.DOI:10.1007/s11001-016-9288-x.
[34]HAYES D E,NISSEN S S.The South China Sea margins:implications for rifting contrasts[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2005,237(3):601-616.DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.06.017.
[35]LI C F,SONG T R.Magnetic recording of the Cenozoic oceanic crustal accretion and evolution of the South China Sea Basin[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2012,57(24):3165-3181.DOI:10.1007/s11434-012-5063-9.
[36]LI C F,XU X,LIN J,et al.Ages and magnetic structures of the South China Sea constrained by deep tow magnetic surveys and IODP Expedition 349[J].Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems,2014,15(12):4958-4983.DOI:10.1002/2014GC005567.
[37]YAN Q,SHI X,CASTILLO P R.The Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the South China Sea:apetrologic perspective[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2014,85(2):178-201.DOI:10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.02.005.
[38]KOPPERS A A P.On the 40 Ar/39 Ar dating of low-potassium ocean crust basalt from IODP Expedition 349,South China Sea[C]∥AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts.San Francisco,California:AGU,2014:T31E-03.
[39]DING W W,FRANKE D,LI J B,et al.Seismic stratigraphy and tectonic structure from a composite multi-channel seismic profile across the entire dangerous grounds,South China Sea[J].Tectonophysics,2013,582(582):162-176.DOI:10.1016/j.tecto.2012.09.026.
[40]HUTCHISON C S,BERGMAN S C,SWAUGER D A,et al.A Miocene collisional belt in North Borneo:uplift mechanism and isostatic adjustment quantified by thermochronology[J].Journal of the Geological Society,2000,157(4):783-794.DOI:10.1144/jgs.157.4.783.
[41]CLIFT P,LEE G H,DUC N A,et al.Seismic reflection evidence for a dangerous grounds miniplate:no extrusion origin for the South China Sea[J].Tectonics,2008,27(3):3043-3061.DOI:10.1029/2007TC002216.
[42]HUTCHISON C S.The North-west Borneo Trough[J].Marine Geology,2010,271(1/2):32-43.DOI:10.1016/j.margeo.2010.01.007.
[43]YUMUL G P,DIMALANTA C B,TAMAYO R A,et al.Collision,subduction and accretion events in the Philippines:a synthesis[J].Island Arc,2003,12(2):77-91.DOI:10.1046/j.1440-1738.2003.00382.x.
[44]CANDE S C,KENT D V.Revised calibration of the geomagnetic polarity timescale for the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1995,100(B4):6093-6095.DOI:10.1029/94JB03098.
[45]孙珍,孙龙涛,周蒂,等.南海岩石圈破裂方式与扩张过程的三维物理模拟[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2009,34(3):435-447.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1000-2383.2009.03.008.
[46]于俊辉,阎贫,林间.南海西南次海盆与超慢速扩张西南印度洋中脊地壳结构对比[J].热带海洋学报,2017(6):51-61.DOI:10.11978/2017044.
[47]NORRELL G T,HARPER G D.Detachment faulting and amagmatic extension at mid-ocean ridges:the Josephine ophiolite as an example[J].Geology,1988,16(9):827.DOI:10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0827:DFAAEA>2.3.CO;2.
[48]TUCHOLKE B E,LIN J.A geological model for the structure of ridge segments in slow spreading ocean crust[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,1994,99(B6):11937-11958.DOI:10.1029/94JB00338.
[49]POCKALNY R A,SMITH A,GENTE P.Spatial and temporal variability of crustal magnetization of a slowly spreading ridge:mid-atlantic ridge(20°-24°N)[J].Marine Geophysical Researches,1995,17(3):301-320.DOI:10.1007/BF01203467.
[50]BONATTI E,LIGI M,BRUNELLI D,et al.Mantle thermal pulses below the mid-atlantic ridge and temporal variations in the formation of oceanic lithosphere[J].Nature,2003,423(6939):499-505.DOI:10.1038/nature01594.
[51]MACDONALD K C.Mid-ocean ridges:fine scale tectonic,volcanic and hydrothermal processes within the plate boundary zone[J].Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences,1982,10(1):155-190.DOI:10.1146/annurev.ea.10.050182.001103.
[52]SCHEIRER D S,MACDONALD K C,FORSYTH D W,et al.Abundant seamounts of the rano rahi seamount field near the southern east pacific rise,15°S to 19°S[J].Marine Geophysical Researches,1996,18(1):13-52.DOI:10.1007/BF00286202.
[53]CANALES J P,DANOBEITIA J J,DETRICK R S,et al.Variations in axial morphology along the galápagos spreading center and the influence of the galápagos hotspot[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,1997,102(B12):27341-27354.DOI:10.1029/97JB01633.
[54]HOOFT E E E,DETRICK R S.Relationship between axial morphology,crustal thickness,and mantle temperature along the Juan de Fuca and Gorda ridges[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Solid Earth,1995,100(B11):22499-22508.DOI:10.1029/95JB02502.
[55]MA Y,COCHRAN J R.Transitions in axial morphology along the southeastindian ridge[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1996,1011(B7):15849-15866.DOI:10.1029/95JB03038.
[56]GRACIA E,TISSEAU C,MAIA M,et al.Variability of the axial morphology and of the gravity structure along the central spreading ridge(North Fiji basin):evidence for contrasting thermal regimes[J].Marine Geophysical Researches,1996,18(2/3/4):249-273.DOI:10.1007/BF00286080.
[57]CANNAT M,SAUTER D,MENDEL V,et al.Modes of seafloor generation at a melt-poor ultraslow-spreading ridge[J].Geology,2006,34(7):605-608.DOI:10.1130/G22486.1.
[58]于俊辉,阎贫,郑红波,等.南海西南次海盆反射莫霍面成像及其地质意义[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2017(2):75-81.DOI:10.16562/j.cnki.0256-1492.2017.02.008.
[59]ZHANG J,LI J B,RUAN A,et al.The velocity structure of a fossil spreading centre in the Southwest Sub-Basin,South China Sea[J].Geological Journal,2016,51(Suppl1):548-561.DOI:10.1002/gj.2778.
[60]PARKIN C J,LUNNON Z C,WHITE R S,et al.Imaging the pulsing Iceland mantle plume through the Eocene[J].Geology,2007,35(1):93-96.
[61]PARKIN C J,WHITE R S.Influence of the Iceland mantle plume on oceanic crust generation in the North Atlantic[J].Geophysical Journal International,2008,173(1):168-188.
[62]SCOTT D R,STEVENSON D J.Magma solitons[J].Geophysical Research Letters,1984,11(11):1161-1164.DOI:10.1029/GL011i011p01161.
[63]WHITEHEAD J A,DICK H J B,SCHOUTEN H.A mechanism for magmatic accretion under spreading centres[J].Nature,1984,312(5990):146-148.DOI:10.1038/312146a0.
[64]SCHOUTEN H,KLITGORD K D,WHITEHEAD J A.Segmentation of mid-ocean ridges[J].Nature,1985,317(6034):225-229.DOI:10.1038/317225a0.
[65]蔡学林,朱介寿,程先琼,等.南海复蘑菇状地幔低速柱结构及其地幔动力学[J].中国地质,2010,37(2):268-279.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-3657.2010.02.002.
[66]鄢全树,石学法.海南地幔柱与南海形成演化[J].高校地质学报,2007,13(2):311-322.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-7493.2007.02.014.
[67]张洁,李家彪,李细兵,等.渐进式扩张海盆亚丁湾与南海西南次海盆扩张演化特征的对比[J].地球物理学报,2011,54(12):3079-3088.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0001-5733.2011.12.009.
[68]ZHANG G L,LUO Q,ZHAO J,et al.Geochemical nature of sub-ridge mantle and opening dynamics of the South China Sea[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2018,489:145-155.DOI:10.1016/j.epsl.2018.02.040.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |