“海贝思”残留螺旋云带的中尺度暴雨成因分析
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摘要
利用常规观测资料、NCEP 1°×1°再分析资料以及新一代天气雷达和区域自动站资料,对2014年登陆热带气旋(TC)"海贝思"减弱为热带低压(TD)后的残留云带造成的中尺度暴雨的成因进行了分析。结果表明:残余低压环流带来的强降水具有明显的中尺度特征,属于典型的台风螺旋云带中尺度雨团;西南和东南急流的暖式切变、辐合和辐散中心与高低层次级环流的耦合发展,均有利于螺旋云带中的中尺度系统发展。另外,分析利用单雷达反演热带气旋近中心风场的VAP扩展应用方法反演的风场,进一步证实了残余低压的螺旋云带中存在明显的围绕TD中心的中尺度螺旋结构,强降水主要由TD螺旋云带下的中尺度雨团产生。
Using conventional observation data, NCEP reanalysis data with 1°×1° resolution, Doppler weather radar products and intensive observations from automatic weather stations, we study the cause of a mesoscale rainstorm event induced by the residual cloud band from tropical depression(TD) after the tropical cyclone(TC) Hagibis(1407) weakened. The results show that the severe precipitation generated by residual circulation of TD is characterized by mesoscale. It belongs to the typical mesoscale rain cluster induced by the outer spiral cloud band of Hagibis. It is found that some key factors have lead to the development of the mesoscale structure of spiral cloud band, including the warm shear between southwesterly jet and southeasterly jet, the coupling of convergence in the low-level and divergence in the upper level and the development of secondary circulation. In addition, an extended VAP(EVAP) method is used to retrieve wind fields in the center of Hagibis to further verify the existence of a significant mesoscale spiral structure around the tropical depression(TD). Consequently, severe precipitation is primarily induced by the mesoscale rain clusters under TD with spiral cloud band.
Using conventional observation data, NCEP reanalysis data with 1°×1° resolution, Doppler weather radar products and intensive observations from automatic weather stations, we study the cause of a mesoscale rainstorm event induced by the residual cloud band from tropical depression(TD) after the tropical cyclone(TC) Hagibis(1407) weakened. The results show that the severe precipitation generated by residual circulation of TD is characterized by mesoscale. It belongs to the typical mesoscale rain cluster induced by the outer spiral cloud band of Hagibis. It is found that some key factors have lead to the development of the mesoscale structure of spiral cloud band, including the warm shear between southwesterly jet and southeasterly jet, the coupling of convergence in the low-level and divergence in the upper level and the development of secondary circulation. In addition, an extended VAP(EVAP) method is used to retrieve wind fields in the center of Hagibis to further verify the existence of a significant mesoscale spiral structure around the tropical depression(TD). Consequently, severe precipitation is primarily induced by the mesoscale rain clusters under TD with spiral cloud band.
引文
[1]安成,袁金南,蒙伟光,等.登陆的0915号热带气旋“巨爵”降水分布及其中尺度结构的分析[J].热带气象学报,2014,29(5):727-736
[2]周海光.强热带风暴“风神”(0806)螺旋雨带中尺度结构双多普勒雷达的研究[J].热带气象学报,2010(3)26:302-308
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[13]刘淑媛,闫丽凤,孙健.登陆台风的多普勒雷达资料质量控制和水平风场反演[J].热带气象学报,2008,24(2):105-110
[14]周海光.强热带风暴碧利斯(0604)引发的特大暴雨中尺度结构多普勒雷达资料分析[J].大气科学,2008,32(6):1 289-1 308
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[16]陶祖钰.从单Doppler速度场反演风矢量的VAP方法[J].气象学报,1992,50(1):81-90
[17]杜秉玉,陈钟荣,张卫青.梅雨锋暴雨的Doppler雷达观测研究:中尺度对流回波系统的结构和特征[J].南京气象学院学报,1999,22(1):47-55
[18]伍志方,叶爱芬,胡胜,等.中小尺度天气系统的多普勒统计特征[J].热带气象学报,2004,20(4):391-400
[19]王峰云,王燕雄,陶祖钰.单多普勒天气雷达的中尺度风场探测技术研究[J].热带气象学报,2003,19(3):291-298
[20]周海光,张沛源.笛卡尔坐标系的双多普勒天气雷达三维风场反演技术[J].气象学报,2002,60(5):585-593
[21]陆汉城.中尺度天气原理和预报[M].北京:气象出版社,2004:184-185
[22]罗昌荣,孙照渤,魏鸣,等.单多普勒雷达反演热带气旋近中心风场的VAP扩展应用方法[J].气象学报,2011,69(1):170-180
[23]Wexler H.Structure of hurricanes as determined by radar[J].Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,1947,48(8):821-844
[24]Marks F D J,Houeze R A J,Gamache J F.Dual-aircraft investigation of inner core of hurricane Norbert Part I:Kinematic structure[J].J Atmos Sci,1992,49(11):919-942
[25]Reasor D,Montgomery T.Low-wave-number structure and evolution of the hurricane innercore observed by airborne dual-Doppler radar[J].Mon Wea Rev,2000,128(6):1 653-1 680
[26]Ishihara M,Yanagisawa Z,Sakakebara H,et al.Structure of typhoon rainband observed by two Doppler radars[J].J Meteor Soc Japan,1986,64(6):923-939
[27]Tabata A,Sakakibara H,Ishihara M,et al.A general view of typhoon8514 observed by dual-Doppler radar:From outer rainbands to eyewall clouds[J].J Meteor Soc Japan,1992,70(5):879-917
[2]周海光.强热带风暴“风神”(0806)螺旋雨带中尺度结构双多普勒雷达的研究[J].热带气象学报,2010(3)26:302-308
[3]陶祖钰,田佰军,黄伟.9216号台风登陆后的不对称结构和暴雨[J].热带气象学报,1994,10(1):69-77
[4]丁金才,姚祖庆,唐新章.9414号热带气旋(DOUG)非对称结构和对降水影响的分析[J].气象学报,1997,55(3):379-384
[5]袁金南,周文,黄辉军,等.华南登陆热带气旋“珍珠”和“派比安”的对流非对称分布观测分析[J].热带气象学报,2009,25(4):385-393
[6]钮学新,杜惠良,滕代高,等.影响登陆台风降水量的主要因素分析[J].暴雨灾害,2010,29(01):78-82
[7]赵坤,周仲岛,胡东明,等.派比安台风(0606)登陆期间雨带中尺度结构的双多普勒雷达分析[J].南京大学学报:自然科学版,2007,43(6):607-618
[8]赵金彪,韩慎友,李佳颖.影响广西的两次台风暴雨中尺度对比分析[J].暴雨灾害,2014,33(2):156-162
[9]刘峰,丁治英,梁艳,等.“莫拉克”台风暴雨过程中湿位涡场的演变特征[J].暴雨灾害,2011,30(2):161-166
[10]陈德花,寿绍文,张玲,等.“碧利斯”引发强降水过程的湿位涡诊断分析[J].暴雨灾害,2008,27(1):37-41
[11]江晋孝,陈台琦.利用多普勒雷达分析台风风场结构—2001纳莉台风[J].台湾大气科学,2006,34(3):177-199
[12]魏应植,汤达章,许健民,等.多普勒雷达探测“艾利”台风风场不对称结构[J].应用气象学报,2007,18(3):285-294
[13]刘淑媛,闫丽凤,孙健.登陆台风的多普勒雷达资料质量控制和水平风场反演[J].热带气象学报,2008,24(2):105-110
[14]周海光.强热带风暴碧利斯(0604)引发的特大暴雨中尺度结构多普勒雷达资料分析[J].大气科学,2008,32(6):1 289-1 308
[15]罗昌荣,池艳珍,周海光.双雷达反演台风外围强带状回波风场结构特征研究[J].大气科学,2012,36(2):248-258
[16]陶祖钰.从单Doppler速度场反演风矢量的VAP方法[J].气象学报,1992,50(1):81-90
[17]杜秉玉,陈钟荣,张卫青.梅雨锋暴雨的Doppler雷达观测研究:中尺度对流回波系统的结构和特征[J].南京气象学院学报,1999,22(1):47-55
[18]伍志方,叶爱芬,胡胜,等.中小尺度天气系统的多普勒统计特征[J].热带气象学报,2004,20(4):391-400
[19]王峰云,王燕雄,陶祖钰.单多普勒天气雷达的中尺度风场探测技术研究[J].热带气象学报,2003,19(3):291-298
[20]周海光,张沛源.笛卡尔坐标系的双多普勒天气雷达三维风场反演技术[J].气象学报,2002,60(5):585-593
[21]陆汉城.中尺度天气原理和预报[M].北京:气象出版社,2004:184-185
[22]罗昌荣,孙照渤,魏鸣,等.单多普勒雷达反演热带气旋近中心风场的VAP扩展应用方法[J].气象学报,2011,69(1):170-180
[23]Wexler H.Structure of hurricanes as determined by radar[J].Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,1947,48(8):821-844
[24]Marks F D J,Houeze R A J,Gamache J F.Dual-aircraft investigation of inner core of hurricane Norbert Part I:Kinematic structure[J].J Atmos Sci,1992,49(11):919-942
[25]Reasor D,Montgomery T.Low-wave-number structure and evolution of the hurricane innercore observed by airborne dual-Doppler radar[J].Mon Wea Rev,2000,128(6):1 653-1 680
[26]Ishihara M,Yanagisawa Z,Sakakebara H,et al.Structure of typhoon rainband observed by two Doppler radars[J].J Meteor Soc Japan,1986,64(6):923-939
[27]Tabata A,Sakakibara H,Ishihara M,et al.A general view of typhoon8514 observed by dual-Doppler radar:From outer rainbands to eyewall clouds[J].J Meteor Soc Japan,1992,70(5):879-917
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