文昌鸡鸡蛋胆固醇含量与蛋品质和血脂的相关性分析
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摘要
【目的】蛋黄胆固醇含量影响鸡胚发育,本研究主要探讨蛋黄胆固醇含量与蛋品质及血脂的相关性,以建立胆固醇间接选择方式。【方法】选择具有完整系谱记录的42周龄文昌鸡为研究对象,以公、母1∶10的比例建立单父本家系24个,测定鸡蛋品质指标、胆固醇含量及公鸡和母鸡血脂含量。【结果】除蛋白高度、哈氏单位和胆固醇含量,蛋品质各指标在个体间和家系间分布差异显著(P<0.05),但个体内差异不显著(P>0.05)。个体和家系间,蛋重增加均伴随蛋黄重和蛋形指数上升(P<0.05)。蛋黄中总胆固醇与母鸡个体间蛋品质各指标无显著相关性,但与父本家系蛋黄重呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。蛋黄中总胆固醇含量上升伴随文昌鸡母鸡血清中甘油三酯含量和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著上升(P<0.05)。【结论】蛋黄中总胆固醇含量不影响鸡蛋品质,蛋黄胆固醇含量宜采用家系法选择,血清LDL-C浓度可作为胆固醇含量选择的间接指标。
[Purpose]The egg yolk cholesterol content affects chicken embryo development, this study was to explore the relationship between egg yolk cholesterol content, egg quality and blood lipids.[Method]Wenchang chickens at 42 weeks of age with complete pedigree records were used in this experiment for egg quality, cholesterol content, blood lipid content determination in male and female chickens(1♂:10♀).[ Result] Egg quality within female chickens exhibited no significant changes(P>0.05). However, egg quality significantly changed among female birds and sire families(P<0.05). Egg weight increase was associated with yolk weight, in egg weight, egg shape, shell strength, shell thickness, yolk weight, yolk color and egg shape significantly increasing among female birds and sire families(P<0.05). Yolk cholesterol increase was not associated with egg quality increase or decrease in females, however, it was associated with yolk weight, decrease in sire families(P<0.05). The increase of yolk cholesterol content was associated with increase of serum triglyceride and serum LPL in female Wenchang chickens(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Total cholesterol content in egg yolk does not affect egg quality in female chickens. Sire family selection might be more accurate for yolk cholesterol content. Plasma LDL-C can be used as an indirect indicator for cholesterol content selection.
[Purpose]The egg yolk cholesterol content affects chicken embryo development, this study was to explore the relationship between egg yolk cholesterol content, egg quality and blood lipids.[Method]Wenchang chickens at 42 weeks of age with complete pedigree records were used in this experiment for egg quality, cholesterol content, blood lipid content determination in male and female chickens(1♂:10♀).[ Result] Egg quality within female chickens exhibited no significant changes(P>0.05). However, egg quality significantly changed among female birds and sire families(P<0.05). Egg weight increase was associated with yolk weight, in egg weight, egg shape, shell strength, shell thickness, yolk weight, yolk color and egg shape significantly increasing among female birds and sire families(P<0.05). Yolk cholesterol increase was not associated with egg quality increase or decrease in females, however, it was associated with yolk weight, decrease in sire families(P<0.05). The increase of yolk cholesterol content was associated with increase of serum triglyceride and serum LPL in female Wenchang chickens(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Total cholesterol content in egg yolk does not affect egg quality in female chickens. Sire family selection might be more accurate for yolk cholesterol content. Plasma LDL-C can be used as an indirect indicator for cholesterol content selection.
引文
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[11]门文卉.降胆固醇中草药添加剂组方设计及其对蛋鸡生化指标和蛋品质的影响[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2016.
[12]刘来停,闫运生.鸡蛋中胆固醇含量变化规律的探讨[J].饲料工业,2002,23(10):33.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6202.2002.10.016.
[13]CAYAN H,ERENER G.Effect of olive leaf(Olea europaea)powder on laying hens performance,egg quality and egg yolk cholesterol levels[J].Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2015,28(4):538.DOI:10.5713/ajas.14.0369.
[14]杜晓惠,熊婷.母鸡产蛋量、孵化率与蛋品质的关系研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2013,49(5):9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0258-7033.2013.05.003.
[15]孙宪如,卢一凡.蛋黄胆固醇含量的研究(Ⅲ)-品系间差异及与蛋品质间相关性[J].现代畜牧兽医,1990,4:8.
[16]LEDUR M C,FAIRFULL R W,MCMILLAN I,et al.Genetic effects of aging on egg production traits in the first laying cycle of white Leghorn strains and strain crosses[J].Poultry Science,2000,79(3):296.DOI:10.1093/ps/79.3.296.
[17]MACLACHLAN I,STEYRER E,HERMETTER A,et al.Molecular characterization of quail apolipoprotein very-low-density lipoproteinⅡ:disulphide-bond-mediated dimerization is not essential for inhibition of lipoprotein lipase[J].Biochemical Journal,1996,317(2):599.DOI:10.1042/bj3170599.
[18]彭秀丽,邓干臻,阮国庆.蛋形指数对孵化率及性比例的影响[J].四川畜牧兽医,2002,29(2):23.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8964.2002.02.015.
[19]王世成,傅传谟,孙国强,等.蛋形指数、蛋重及比重对孵化率和性比例的影响[J].莱阳农学院学报,1997,14(3):206.
[20]LI H,LI Z J,LIU X J.An overall view of the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism in chicken revealed by newgeneration sequencing[M]//MILAD M.Poultry science.Rijeka:IntechOpen CY,2017.
[21]AGBOOLA A F,OMIDIWURA B R O,OYEYEMI A,et al.Effects of four dietary oils on cholesterol and fatty acid composition of egg yolk in layers[J].International Journal of Biological,Biomolecular,Agricultural,Food and Biotechnological Engineering,2016,10(2):32.
[22]陈冬梅,张克英.鸡蛋胆固醇的沉积机制[J].动物营养学报,2003,15(4):1.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267X.2003.04.001.
[23]GRIFFIN H D.Manipulation of egg yolk cholesterol:a physiologist’s view[J].World’s Poultry Science Journal,1992,48(2):101.DOI:10.1079/WPS19920010.
[24]刘影,陈立侨.以极低密度脂蛋白为指标选育低胆固醇蛋鸡品系[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2005,2005(2):98.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2005.02.016.
[25]杨朋坤.不同品种鸡蛋胆固醇沉积规律和相关基因表达的研究[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2011.
[2]ANDERSEN C J,BLESSO C N,LEE J Y,et al.Egg consumption modulates HDL lipid composition and increases the cholesterol-accepting capacity of serum in metabolic syndrome[J].Lipids,2013,48(6):557.DOI:10.1007/s11745-013-3780-8.
[3]李利东,袁建兴,宓晓黎,等.不同孵化期的鸡胚蛋营养和功效成分研究[J].食品科学,2004,25(11):287.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1002-6630.2004.11.076.
[4]SITTIYA J,KHONYOUNG D,YAMAUCHI K,et al.Preliminary study:egg production performance,egg quality and blood plasma cholesterol concentration in laying hens fed dietary dried fermented ginger and/or fermented corncob powder[J].Food Science and Nutrition,2017,3(1):100016.DOI:10.24966/FSN-1076/100016.
[5]罗明利,宋宇轩,孙世铎,等.鸡蛋胆固醇含量对孵化率的影响[J].西北农业学报,2003,12(2):14.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1389.2003.02.004.
[6]熊婷,张怀勇,周崔伟,等.鸡血清胆固醇含量与孵化率的关系研究[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会.第十六次全国动物遗传育种学术讨论会暨纪念吴仲贤先生诞辰100周年大会论文集,2011.
[7]SCHNEIDER W J.Vitellogenin receptors:oocyte-specific members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor supergene family[J].International Review of Cytology,1996,166:103.DOI:10.1016/S0074-7696(08)62507-3.
[8]杜晓惠,熊婷,刘俊莹,等.母鸡300日龄血清及蛋黄胆固醇浓度与蛋用性状的关系研究[J].中国家禽,2013,35(11):11.DOI:10.16372/j.issn.1004-6364.2013.11.010.
[9]ELKIN R G,FREED M,WATKINS B A,et al.Evaluation of two novel biochemicals on plasma and egg yolk lipid composition and laying hen performance[J].Poultry Science,1993,72(3):513.DOI:10.3382/ps.0720513.
[10]王成章,杨雨含,胡喜峰,等.不同苜蓿草粉水平对产蛋鸡蛋黄胆固醇含量影响的研究[J].草业学报,2005,14(2):76.DOI:10.3321/j.issn:1004-5759.2005.02.014.
[11]门文卉.降胆固醇中草药添加剂组方设计及其对蛋鸡生化指标和蛋品质的影响[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2016.
[12]刘来停,闫运生.鸡蛋中胆固醇含量变化规律的探讨[J].饲料工业,2002,23(10):33.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1003-6202.2002.10.016.
[13]CAYAN H,ERENER G.Effect of olive leaf(Olea europaea)powder on laying hens performance,egg quality and egg yolk cholesterol levels[J].Asian Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2015,28(4):538.DOI:10.5713/ajas.14.0369.
[14]杜晓惠,熊婷.母鸡产蛋量、孵化率与蛋品质的关系研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2013,49(5):9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.0258-7033.2013.05.003.
[15]孙宪如,卢一凡.蛋黄胆固醇含量的研究(Ⅲ)-品系间差异及与蛋品质间相关性[J].现代畜牧兽医,1990,4:8.
[16]LEDUR M C,FAIRFULL R W,MCMILLAN I,et al.Genetic effects of aging on egg production traits in the first laying cycle of white Leghorn strains and strain crosses[J].Poultry Science,2000,79(3):296.DOI:10.1093/ps/79.3.296.
[17]MACLACHLAN I,STEYRER E,HERMETTER A,et al.Molecular characterization of quail apolipoprotein very-low-density lipoproteinⅡ:disulphide-bond-mediated dimerization is not essential for inhibition of lipoprotein lipase[J].Biochemical Journal,1996,317(2):599.DOI:10.1042/bj3170599.
[18]彭秀丽,邓干臻,阮国庆.蛋形指数对孵化率及性比例的影响[J].四川畜牧兽医,2002,29(2):23.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8964.2002.02.015.
[19]王世成,傅传谟,孙国强,等.蛋形指数、蛋重及比重对孵化率和性比例的影响[J].莱阳农学院学报,1997,14(3):206.
[20]LI H,LI Z J,LIU X J.An overall view of the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism in chicken revealed by newgeneration sequencing[M]//MILAD M.Poultry science.Rijeka:IntechOpen CY,2017.
[21]AGBOOLA A F,OMIDIWURA B R O,OYEYEMI A,et al.Effects of four dietary oils on cholesterol and fatty acid composition of egg yolk in layers[J].International Journal of Biological,Biomolecular,Agricultural,Food and Biotechnological Engineering,2016,10(2):32.
[22]陈冬梅,张克英.鸡蛋胆固醇的沉积机制[J].动物营养学报,2003,15(4):1.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267X.2003.04.001.
[23]GRIFFIN H D.Manipulation of egg yolk cholesterol:a physiologist’s view[J].World’s Poultry Science Journal,1992,48(2):101.DOI:10.1079/WPS19920010.
[24]刘影,陈立侨.以极低密度脂蛋白为指标选育低胆固醇蛋鸡品系[J].华东师范大学学报(自然科学版),2005,2005(2):98.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2005.02.016.
[25]杨朋坤.不同品种鸡蛋胆固醇沉积规律和相关基因表达的研究[D].郑州:河南农业大学,2011.