外源茉莉酸诱导的菜豆叶片生化抗性及其对西花蓟马体内保护酶和解毒酶活性的影响
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摘要
为探讨外源茉莉酸诱导的菜豆叶片抗性及对西花蓟马体内酶活性的影响,在室内对菜豆植株分别喷施1、0.1、0.01和0.001 mmol·L~(-1)4个浓度的茉莉酸,以健康植株为对照,分别于处理后1、5和10 d测定菜豆叶片营养物质及次生物质的含量.另在同样处理叶片上分别接西花蓟马2龄若虫,分析其体内保护酶和解毒酶活性的变化.结果表明:不同浓度茉莉酸处理1 d后,菜豆叶片的蛋白质含量和健康植株没有明显差异,但在5和10 d时显著低于健康植株;菜豆叶片游离氨基酸含量在茉莉酸处理1 d后显著高于健康植株,之后逐渐降低;茉莉酸处理下菜豆叶片可溶性糖含量显著低于健康植株,并随着茉莉酸浓度的升高和处理时间的延长而进一步下降;叶绿素含量在处理1 d后显著降低,随着处理时间的增加逐渐升高.叶片单宁、黄酮和总酚的含量在不同浓度茉莉酸和处理时间下均显著高于对照.蓟马取食导致菜豆叶片生化物质含量的变化与外源茉莉酸诱导的相似.西花蓟马取食茉莉酸处理的菜豆植株24 h后,体内保护酶系(超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶)和解毒酶系(谷胱甘肽S-转移酶、羧酸酯酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶)均明显高于健康植株,但茉莉酸浓度与处理时间对其影响程度不同.取食虫害菜豆叶片后西花蓟马体内酶活性的变化与取食外源茉莉酸诱导的叶片相似.说明外源茉莉酸处理可诱导菜豆植株的抗性,西花蓟马取食处理后的菜豆叶片可产生明显的反防御来适应寄主植物的变化.
To make clear whether the exogenous jasmonic acid( JA) could induce resistance of bean( Phaseolus vulgaris) plant and its effect on the enzyme activities in 2nd instar nymph of western flower thrips( Frankliniella occidentalis),the contents of nutrients and secondary metabolites were measured at 1,5 and 10 days after spray of JA solution at the concentration of 1,0.1,0.01 or 0.001 mmol·L~(-1)on bean leaves with healthy plants as control. Changes in enzyme activities were analyzed from 2nd instar nymphs of F. occidentalis that were inoculated on bean leaves treated as mentioned above. The results showed that there were not significant differences in protein contents of leaves at 1 day after treatment by different concentrations of JA with that of healthy bean plants,but the protein contents at 5 and 10 days after treatment were significantly lower than that of the control.The content of free amino acids in leaves at 1 day post treatment was significantly higher than that of the control and gradually decreased. After treatment of JA,the soluble sugar content was significantly lower than that of the control and decreased with the elevation of JA concentration and the prolongation of treatment time. The chlorophyll content in leaves at 1 day post JA treatment significantly decreased,but gradually rose with the increase of treatment time. The contents of tannins,flavones and phenols in leaves under different treatment time with various concentrations of JA were significantly higher than that of the control. The changes of biochemical substances of leaves damaged by thrips were similar to that of JA induction. After F. occidentalis feeding on the JA-treated bean leaves for 24 h,the activities of protective enzymes [i. e.,superoxide dismutase( SOD),catalase( CAT) and peroxidase( POD) ] and detoxification enzymes [i. e.,glutathione S-transferase( GST),carboxylesterase( Car E) and acetylcholine esterase( Ach E) ]in this insect were significantly higher than those feeding on healthy plants,but these enzymes' activities changed to different extent under different treatment time with various concentrations of JA. The changes of activities of enzymes in F. occidentalis feeding on leaves damaged by thrips were similar to that of feeding on the JA-treated leaves. These findings indicated that exogenous jasmonic acid could induce the resistance of bean plant,and F. occidentalis that had fed on bean leaves treated by JA generated anti-defended strategy to adapt to the change of host plants.
To make clear whether the exogenous jasmonic acid( JA) could induce resistance of bean( Phaseolus vulgaris) plant and its effect on the enzyme activities in 2nd instar nymph of western flower thrips( Frankliniella occidentalis),the contents of nutrients and secondary metabolites were measured at 1,5 and 10 days after spray of JA solution at the concentration of 1,0.1,0.01 or 0.001 mmol·L~(-1)on bean leaves with healthy plants as control. Changes in enzyme activities were analyzed from 2nd instar nymphs of F. occidentalis that were inoculated on bean leaves treated as mentioned above. The results showed that there were not significant differences in protein contents of leaves at 1 day after treatment by different concentrations of JA with that of healthy bean plants,but the protein contents at 5 and 10 days after treatment were significantly lower than that of the control.The content of free amino acids in leaves at 1 day post treatment was significantly higher than that of the control and gradually decreased. After treatment of JA,the soluble sugar content was significantly lower than that of the control and decreased with the elevation of JA concentration and the prolongation of treatment time. The chlorophyll content in leaves at 1 day post JA treatment significantly decreased,but gradually rose with the increase of treatment time. The contents of tannins,flavones and phenols in leaves under different treatment time with various concentrations of JA were significantly higher than that of the control. The changes of biochemical substances of leaves damaged by thrips were similar to that of JA induction. After F. occidentalis feeding on the JA-treated bean leaves for 24 h,the activities of protective enzymes [i. e.,superoxide dismutase( SOD),catalase( CAT) and peroxidase( POD) ] and detoxification enzymes [i. e.,glutathione S-transferase( GST),carboxylesterase( Car E) and acetylcholine esterase( Ach E) ]in this insect were significantly higher than those feeding on healthy plants,but these enzymes' activities changed to different extent under different treatment time with various concentrations of JA. The changes of activities of enzymes in F. occidentalis feeding on leaves damaged by thrips were similar to that of feeding on the JA-treated leaves. These findings indicated that exogenous jasmonic acid could induce the resistance of bean plant,and F. occidentalis that had fed on bean leaves treated by JA generated anti-defended strategy to adapt to the change of host plants.
引文
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[12]Yang S-Y(杨世勇),Wang M-M(王蒙蒙),Xie J-C(谢建春).Induction effects of jasmonic acid on tannin content and defense-related enzyme activities in conventional cotton plants.Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2013,33(5):1615-1625(in Chinese)
[13]Meng Z-J(孟昭军),Zhou Y-Q(周永泉),Yan S-C(严善春),et al.Effects of exogenous jasmonates on tannin content in needles of two larch species.Scientia Silvae Sinicae(林业科学),2010,46(3):96-104(in Chinese)
[14]Wang Y-T(王予彤),Yue H-F(越慧芳),Wang X-L(王晓丽),et al.Biochemical response of green poplar induced by exogenous jasmonic acid and its effects on food utilization of larval Lymantria dispar(Lepidoptera:Lymantriidae).Acta Entomologica Sinica(昆虫学报),2015,58(6):673-679(in Chinese)
[15]Gui L-Y(桂连友),Chen Z-M(陈宗懋),Liu S-S(刘树生).Effect of exogenous MJA treatment of tea plants on the growth of geometrid larvae.Scientia Agricultura Sinica(中国农业科学),2005,38(2):302-307(in Chinese)
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[17]Lu Y-B(吕要斌),Liu S-S(刘树生).Effects of exogenous jasmonic acid-induced plant responses on development and growth of Plutella xylostella.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2005,16(1):193-195(in Chinese)
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[19]Zhang H-F(张华峰).Effect of exogenous methyl jasmonate on induced resistance of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings against Leptocybe invasa.Journal of Forest and Environment(森林与环境学报),2016,36(2):216-220(in Chinese)
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[23]Zhang Z-K(张治科),Zhang Y(张烨),W S-Y(吴圣勇).The occurrence and characteristics of invaded insect pest Frankliniella occidentalis in Ningxia.Plant Quarantine(植物检疫),2016,30(4):75-77(in Chinese)
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