衡阳市冬季PM_(2.5)外来输送特征及潜在源分析
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摘要
利用HYSPLIT模型的后向轨迹模式,结合GDAS气象数据、衡阳市PM_(2.5)质量浓度数据,分析了衡阳市2015—2017年冬季外来气团后向轨迹分布特征,并运用后向轨迹模式中的聚类分析法、潜在源分析法(PSCF)、浓度权重分析法(CWT),分析了衡阳市冬季PM_(2.5)外来输送通道及潜在源分布情况。结果表明:衡阳市冬季外来气团后向轨迹主要来自偏北方向,移动速度较慢,100 m高度的PM_(2.5)外来输送路径较集中,以近距离输送为主; 500 m高度的输送路径较分散且更长,长距离输送的影响增大。聚类分析显示,来自东北方向的聚类轨迹出现频率最高,该类轨迹移动方向是PM_(2.5)外来输送的主要通道方向。潜在源分析显示,衡阳市冬季PM_(2.5)外来输送以区域输送为主,对浓度影响较大,湘东、湘南、赣西、湘赣交界处、桂东北、豫南地区为PM_(2.5)外来输送的主要潜在源区,湘南、湘东北、赣西地区是高浓度外来输送潜在源区。
Backward trajectory pattern of HYSPLIT model was used along with GDAS meteorological data and PM_(2.5) concentration data of Hengyang,to analyze the distribution characteristics of the backward trajectory of the external air mass in winter in Hengyang from 2015 to 2017. In addition,the distribution of PM_(2.5) external transport channels and potential sources in Hengyang were analyzed via cluster analysis method,PSCF method and CWT method. The results showed that the backward trajectory of the external air mass of winter in Hengyang mainly came from the northern direction,and its movement speed was relatively slow. The external transport path of PM_(2.5) at the height of 100 m was relatively concentrated,mainly at the height of short-range transport. The external transport path at the height of 500 m was relatively scattered and longer,and the influence of long-distance transport was increased. The cluster analysis showed that the clustering trajectory from the northeast direction had the highest frequency,and the moving direction of this kind of trajectory was the main channel direction of PM_(2.5) external transportation; the potential source analysis showed that PM_(2.5) external transport in Hengyang in winter was mainly regional transport,which had great impact on concentration. The eastern and southern Hunan,western Jiangxi,the border area between Hunan and Jiangxi,northeastern Guangxi and southern Henan were the main potential source areas for PM_(2.5) external transport in Hengyang; the southeastern Hunan,northeastern Hunan and western Yunnan were potential sources of high concentration external transport area.
Backward trajectory pattern of HYSPLIT model was used along with GDAS meteorological data and PM_(2.5) concentration data of Hengyang,to analyze the distribution characteristics of the backward trajectory of the external air mass in winter in Hengyang from 2015 to 2017. In addition,the distribution of PM_(2.5) external transport channels and potential sources in Hengyang were analyzed via cluster analysis method,PSCF method and CWT method. The results showed that the backward trajectory of the external air mass of winter in Hengyang mainly came from the northern direction,and its movement speed was relatively slow. The external transport path of PM_(2.5) at the height of 100 m was relatively concentrated,mainly at the height of short-range transport. The external transport path at the height of 500 m was relatively scattered and longer,and the influence of long-distance transport was increased. The cluster analysis showed that the clustering trajectory from the northeast direction had the highest frequency,and the moving direction of this kind of trajectory was the main channel direction of PM_(2.5) external transportation; the potential source analysis showed that PM_(2.5) external transport in Hengyang in winter was mainly regional transport,which had great impact on concentration. The eastern and southern Hunan,western Jiangxi,the border area between Hunan and Jiangxi,northeastern Guangxi and southern Henan were the main potential source areas for PM_(2.5) external transport in Hengyang; the southeastern Hunan,northeastern Hunan and western Yunnan were potential sources of high concentration external transport area.
引文
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[21]朱好,蔡旭晖,张宏升,等.内陆丘陵河谷地区小风条件下的大气扩散模拟研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(3):613-623.
[22]周益平,杨云芸,何炜炜,等.衡阳冬季空气重污染过程特征及气象条件分析[J].防灾科技学院学报,2018,20(4):40-51.
[23]王妮.重庆主城区大气污染物时空变化及影响因素分析[D].重庆:重庆师范大学,2017.
[2]周子航,邓也,谭钦文,等.四川省人为源大气污染物排放清单及特征[J/OL].环境科学,2018(12):1-22[2018-11-26].https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.201804109.
[3]Bove M C,Brotto P,Cassola F,et al.An integrated PM2.5source apportionment study:positive matrix factorisation vs.the chemical transport model CAMx[J].Atmospheric Environment,2014,94:274-286.
[4]杨蓉,叶勇军,蒋复量,等.衡阳市夏秋季大气颗粒物污染特征[J].南华大学学报(自然科学版),2014,28(3):103-107.
[5]田蓉,刘迎云,陈攀,等.衡阳城区PM2.5中重金属污染水平及健康风险[J].环境工程,2017,35(9):127-130.
[6]苏福庆,高庆先,张志刚,等.北京边界层外来污染物输送通道[J].环境科学研究,2004,17(1):26-29.
[7]潘月云.城市细颗粒物本地排放源识别与区域输送影响研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2015.
[8]薛文博,付飞,王金南,等.中国PM2.5跨区域传输特征数值模拟研究[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(6):1361-1368.
[9]Stein A F,Draxler R R,Rolph G D,et al.NOAA’s HYSPLITatmospheric transport and dispersion modeling system[J].Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,2016,96(12):150504130527006.
[10]Ashrafi K,Shafiepour-Motlagh M,Aslemand A,et al.Dust storm simulation over Iran using HYSPLIT[J].Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering,2014,12(1):9.
[11]Chen B,Ariel F S,Pabla G M,et al.Size distribution and concentrations of heavy metals in atmospheric aerosols originating from industrial emissions as predicted by the HYSPLIT model[J].Atmospheric Environment,2013,71(234):234-244.
[12]陈云波,徐峻,何友江,等.北京市冬季典型重污染时段PM2.5污染来源模式解析[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(5):627-636.
[13]朱书慧,周敏,乔利平,等.2015年12月气流轨迹对长三角区域细颗粒物浓度和分布的影响[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(12):4285-4294.
[14]严晓瑜,缑晓辉,武万里,等.银川地区大气颗粒物输送路径及潜在源区分析[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(5):1727-1738.
[15]葛跃,王明新,白雪,等.苏锡常地区PM2.5污染特征及其潜在源区分析[J].环境科学学报,2017,37(3):803-813.
[16]郝吉明,尹伟伦,岑可法,等.中国大气PM2.5污染防治策略与技术途径[M].北京:科学出版社,2016:52-58.
[17]王茜.利用轨迹模式研究上海大气污染的输送来源[J].环境科学研究,2013,26(4):357-363.
[18]王爱平,朱彬,银燕,等.黄山顶夏季气溶胶数浓度特征及其输送潜在源区[J].中国环境科学,2014,34(4):852-861.
[19]Wang Y Q,Zhang X Y,Arimoto R.The contribution from distant dust sources to the atmospheric particulate matter loadings at Xi’an,China during spring[J].Science of the Total Environment,2006,368(2/3):87-88.
[20]唐毅,陈治翰,罗治华,等.后向轨迹模式在攀枝花市PM2.5来源分析研究中的应用[J].四川环境,2016,35(4):83-89.
[21]朱好,蔡旭晖,张宏升,等.内陆丘陵河谷地区小风条件下的大气扩散模拟研究[J].环境科学学报,2011,31(3):613-623.
[22]周益平,杨云芸,何炜炜,等.衡阳冬季空气重污染过程特征及气象条件分析[J].防灾科技学院学报,2018,20(4):40-51.
[23]王妮.重庆主城区大气污染物时空变化及影响因素分析[D].重庆:重庆师范大学,2017.
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