影像建模技术在轮胎花纹逆向建模中的应用
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摘要
针对三维激光扫描建立轮胎花纹模型的方法存在设备成本高、外业任务量大、操作过程复杂等问题,提出了基于轮胎影像的全自动三维建模方法。通过对三维模型绝对定向,利用数码相机采集影像数据,导入Recap软件进行处理和后期模型修整逆向建立高精度轮胎花纹三维模型。利用最小二乘平面拟合法确定标识点中心坐标,计算标识点之间的距离,通过对比光栅扫描仪扫描的点云模型与本研究方法建立的三维模型特征点之间的距离,评估本方法的建模精度。结果表明,利用影像建模技术能快速重建轮胎花纹模型,且相对于光栅扫描仪建立的三维模型,该建模精度达到1. 108 mm,符合轮胎花纹的建模需求,且模型表面纹理更加真实。基于一定的操作准则,通过数码相机拍摄的影像资料能较好地完成轮胎花纹三维建模工作。
In order to reduce costs and improve the operational efficiency,a fully automatic reverse modeling method for tire pattern model based on tire images was proposed. First,the three-dimensional model was absolutely oriented using the 3D coordinate data of the control points. Then,Recap software for processing and a metod for post-model dressing were introduced. Next,the determination of the central coordinate of the marking point by using the least square plane fitting method was researched. Finally,accuracy evaluation was accomplished by calculating the distance between the marking points on 3D tire pattern model based on raster scanning system and the method of this study. The results showed that the image modeling technology can quickly reconstruct the tire pattern model with an accuracy of 1. 108 mm. The feasibility of this method were verified with the modeling of tyre pattern.
In order to reduce costs and improve the operational efficiency,a fully automatic reverse modeling method for tire pattern model based on tire images was proposed. First,the three-dimensional model was absolutely oriented using the 3D coordinate data of the control points. Then,Recap software for processing and a metod for post-model dressing were introduced. Next,the determination of the central coordinate of the marking point by using the least square plane fitting method was researched. Finally,accuracy evaluation was accomplished by calculating the distance between the marking points on 3D tire pattern model based on raster scanning system and the method of this study. The results showed that the image modeling technology can quickly reconstruct the tire pattern model with an accuracy of 1. 108 mm. The feasibility of this method were verified with the modeling of tyre pattern.
引文
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10李俊利,李斌兵,柳方明,等.利用照片重建技术生成坡面侵蚀沟三维模型[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(1):125-132Li Junli,Li Binbing,Liu Fangming,et al.Generating 3D model of slope eroded gully based on photo reconstruction technique[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(1):125-132
11张雯,程亮,张群.三维模型几何质量评价方法[J].测绘通报,2014(7):44-47Zhang Wen,Cheng Liang,Zhang Qun.An evaluation method for the geometry quality of three-dimensional models[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2014(7):44-47
2邹付群,成思源,李苏洋.运用3D数字化模型的轮胎花纹检测[J].现代制造工程,2011(8):22-24Zou Fuqun,Cheng Siyuan,Li Suyang.Inspection for tread pattern based on 3D digital model[J].Modern Manufacturing Engineering,2011(8):22-24
3董玉德,陈进富,张荣团.面向轮胎花纹的逆向层次化建模[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2017(4):776-783Dong Yude,Chen Jinfu,Zhang Rongtuan.Tread patterns oriented reverse hierarchical modeling[J].Journal of Computer-Aided Design&Computer Graphics.2017(4):776-783
4李志博,姚山.基于逆向工程与三维打印的模具制造技术[J].铸造技术,2013(10):1409-1412Li Zhibo,Yao Shan.Rapid mould manufacturing technology based on reverse engineering and 3D printing[J].Foundry Technology,2013(10):1409-1412
5马欢欢,赵清坡.Agisoft Photoscan照片建模技术在考古中的应用[J].文物保护与考古科学,2016,28(4):144-149Ma Huanhuan,Zhao Qingpo.Application of photo-based modeling technology agisoft photoscan in archaeology[J].Sciences of Conservation&Archaeology,2016,28(4):144-149
6乔杰,郭隽菡,兰天亮.利用照片建模技术重建文物的三维数据模型[J].文物保护与考古科学,2011,23(1):68-71Qiao Jie,Guo Junhan,Lan Tianliang.Three-dimensional imagebased modeling for reconstruction of cultural relics[J].Sciences of Conservation&Archaeology,2011,23(1):68-71
7赵佳斌,章杨松,李晓昭.基于摄影测量三维点云的岩体结构面自动识别方法[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(28):240-244Zhao Jiabin,Zhang Yangsong,Li Xiaozhao.Automatic identification method of rock mass discontinuities based on 3D point cloud from photo-grammetry[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(28):240-244
8于起峰,尚洋.摄像测量学原理与应用研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2009Yu Qifeng,Shang Yang.Principles and applications of camera measurement[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009
9孙保燕,翁裕育,贾巧志,等.影像建模和激光扫描技术融合在溶洞建模的研究与实践[J].长江科学院院报,2018,35(10):153-157Sun Baoyan,Weng Yuyu,Jia Qiaozhi,et al.Karst cave modeling by fusion of image-based modeling and 3D laser scanning technology:researchand practice[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2018,35(10):153-157
10李俊利,李斌兵,柳方明,等.利用照片重建技术生成坡面侵蚀沟三维模型[J].农业工程学报,2015,31(1):125-132Li Junli,Li Binbing,Liu Fangming,et al.Generating 3D model of slope eroded gully based on photo reconstruction technique[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(1):125-132
11张雯,程亮,张群.三维模型几何质量评价方法[J].测绘通报,2014(7):44-47Zhang Wen,Cheng Liang,Zhang Qun.An evaluation method for the geometry quality of three-dimensional models[J].Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping,2014(7):44-47