液-固复合介质对光纤法-珀局部放电超声响应强度影响分析
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摘要
非本征光纤法-珀(F-P)传感器置于电力设备内液体绝缘检测局放声信号面临灵敏度低的问题。由于不同介质结构的声压分布影响灵敏度,采用声场有限元方法分析声波机械能在液-固复合介质中的暂态传递过程,对比超声波经液-固-液介质与单一液体介质传播后的声压大小,并分析固体物性参数对声压的影响,提出利用复合介质结构增强声压提高局放检测灵敏度的方法。分别采用PZT和板-板电极为连续超声源和局放声波源,对比F-P传感器在液体介质和液-固-液介质中的响应幅值。结果表明,液-固-液声耦合结构对声压有增强作用,且增强大小与传感器和固体介质的距离、固体介质物性参数相关;F-P传感器在液-固-液耦合结构中的局放响应幅值约是纯液体中的2倍。
The extrinsic fiber Fabry-Perot(F-P) sensor placed in the liquid insulation of power equipment for partial discharge(PD) acoustics detection faces the problem of lower sensitivity. Due to the influence of the sound pressure distribution in different media on the sensitivity, the transient processes were simulated and analyzed by the finite element method in the sound field when the acoustic energy transferred through the liquid-solid media. The value of sound pressure in liquid-solid-liquid medium was compared with that in liquid medium, and the influence of physical parameters of solid material on sound pressure value was analyzed. Then, a method for enhancing the sound pressure by using a composite medium structure is proposed to improve the F-P sensitivity of PD detection. PZT and plate-plate electrodes were used as continuous ultrasonic and PD acoustic source respectively, and the response amplitudes of F-P sensor were compared in liquid and liquid-solid-liquid media. The results show that the acoustic coupling structure of liquid-solid-liquid material can enhance the sound pressure. The magnitude of enhancement is related to two factors: the distance between F-P sensor and the solid medium; the physical parameters of solid material. The amplitude of the F-P sensor for PD measurement in liquid-solid-liquid medium is about twice that in pure liquid medium.
The extrinsic fiber Fabry-Perot(F-P) sensor placed in the liquid insulation of power equipment for partial discharge(PD) acoustics detection faces the problem of lower sensitivity. Due to the influence of the sound pressure distribution in different media on the sensitivity, the transient processes were simulated and analyzed by the finite element method in the sound field when the acoustic energy transferred through the liquid-solid media. The value of sound pressure in liquid-solid-liquid medium was compared with that in liquid medium, and the influence of physical parameters of solid material on sound pressure value was analyzed. Then, a method for enhancing the sound pressure by using a composite medium structure is proposed to improve the F-P sensitivity of PD detection. PZT and plate-plate electrodes were used as continuous ultrasonic and PD acoustic source respectively, and the response amplitudes of F-P sensor were compared in liquid and liquid-solid-liquid media. The results show that the acoustic coupling structure of liquid-solid-liquid material can enhance the sound pressure. The magnitude of enhancement is related to two factors: the distance between F-P sensor and the solid medium; the physical parameters of solid material. The amplitude of the F-P sensor for PD measurement in liquid-solid-liquid medium is about twice that in pure liquid medium.
引文
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[2]贾亚飞,朱永利,王刘旺,等.基于VMD和多尺度熵的变压器内绝缘局部放电信号特征提取及分类[J].电工技术学报,2016,31(19):208-217.Jia Yafei,Zhu Yongli,Wang Liuwang,et al.Feature extraction and classification on partial discharge signals of power transformers based on VMD and multiscale entropy[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2016,31(19):208-217.
[3]苑津莎,尚海昆,王瑜,等.基于相关系数矩阵和概率神经网络的局部放电模式识别[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(13):110-115.Yuan Jinsha,Shang Haikun,Wang Yu,et al.Pattern recognition for partial discharge based on correlation coefficient matrix and probabilistic neural networks[J].Power System Protection and Control,201341(13):110-115.
[4]魏云冰,王东晖,韩立峰,等.一种基于MIA的油浸式变压器放电性故障定位新方法[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(21):41-47.Wei Yunbing,Wang Donghui,Han Lifeng,et al.Anovel method for discharging fault diagnosis and location of oil-immersed power transformers based on MIA[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(21):41-47.
[5]吕守国,崔玉新,冯迎春,等.基于综合分析方法的变压器故障诊断技术与软件开发[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(10):123-128.LüShouguo,Cui Yuxin,Feng Yingchun,et al.Transformer fault diagnosis method based on comprehensive analysis and its software development[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(10):123-128.
[6]高鹏路,胡岳,刘斌,等.传感器并联型局部放电监测与定位方法[J].电工技术学报,2014,25(10):226-230.Gao Penglu,Hu Yue,Liu Bin,et al.Partial discharge monitoring and locating in substation using multiple sensors in parallel[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,25(10):226-230.
[7]Zheng Shusheng,Li Chengrong,Tang Zhiguo,et al.Location of PDs inside transformer windings using UHF methods[J].IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics&Electrical Insulation,2014,21(1):386-393.
[8]李恩文,王力农,宋斌,等.基于改进模糊聚类算法的变压器油色谱分析[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(19):4594-4602.Li Enwen,Wang Linong,Song Bin,et al.Analysis of transformer oil chromatography based on improved fuzzy clustering algorithm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(19):4594-4602.
[9]王云,胡裕峰,邹志坚,等.一种线性测量的光纤电压传感器[J].电气技术,2017,18(12):118-121,125.Wang Yun,Hu Yufeng,Zou Zhijian,et al.The new optical voltage sensor for linear measurement[J].Electrical Engineering,2017,18(12):118-121,125.
[10]齐伟强,李俭,陈柏超,等.基于COMSOL的变压器中超声波传播特性[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(增刊2):195-200.Qi Weiqiang,Li Jian,Chen Baichao,et al.Ultrasonic wave propagation characteristics of the transformer based on COMSOL[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(S2):195-200.
[11]李军浩,韩旭涛,刘泽辉,等.电气设备局部放电检测技术述评[J].高电压技术,2015,41(8):2583-2601.Li Junhao,Han Xutao,Liu Zehui,et al.Review on partial discharge measurement technology of electrical equipment[J].High Voltage Engineering,2015,41(8):2583-2601.
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[15]江军,马国明,宋宏图,等.基于侧边抛磨光纤布拉格光栅的变压器油中溶解氢气传感器[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(13):264-270.Jiang Jun,Ma Guoming,Song Hongtu,et al.Dissolved hydrogen sensor in power transformer oil based on side polishing fiber Bragg grating[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(13):264-270.
[16]Yu Bing,Kim D W,Wang Anbo,et al.Fiber FabryPerot sensors for detection of partial discharges in power transformers[J].Applied Optics,2003,42(16):3241-3250.
[17]Deng Jiangdong,Xiao Hai,Huo Wei,et al.Optical fiber sensor-based detection of partial discharges in power transformers[J].Optics and Laser Technology,2001,33:305-311.
[18]王伟,王赞,吴延坤,等.用于油中局部放电检测的Fabry-Perot光纤超声传感技术[J].高电压技术,2014,40(3):814-821.Wang Wei,Wang Zan,Wu Yankun,et al.FabryPerot optical fiber ultrasonic sensing technology for detection of partial discharge in the oil[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(3):814-821.
[19]郭少朋,韩立,殷伯华,等.基于可调谐激光器的局部放电光纤法珀传感器[J].光子学报,2015,44(5):117-121.Guo Shaopeng,Han Li,Yin Bohua,et al.Fiber Fabry-Perot sensor for partial discharge based on tunable lasers[J].Acta Photonica Sinica,2015,44(5):117-121.
[20]何祚镛,王曼.水下均匀材料复合层吸声特性研究[J].应用声学,1996(5):6-11.He Zuoyong,Wang Man.Investigation of the sound absorption of homogeneous composite multiple-layer structures in water[J].Applied Acoustics,1996(5):6-11.
[21]刘兵,王风,傅辉,等.不同材料波导杆在水中的声波传播特性[J].无损检测,2017,39(1):24-27,31.Liu Bing,Wang Feng,Fu Hui,et al.Propragation characteristics of acoustic waves through different material waveguide rods in water[J].Nondestructive Testing,2017,39(1):24-27,31.
[22]Chapelon J Y,Cathignol D,Cain C,et al.New piezoelectric transducers for therapeutic ultrasound[J]Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology,2000,26(1):153-159.