木聚糖酶和葡聚糖酶对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、胴体成分及血液指标的影响
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摘要
文章旨在研究玉米-小麦-豆粕型日粮添加木聚糖酶和葡聚糖酶对1～42 d肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、胴体成分及血液指标的影响。试验选择健康、体重一致的1日龄Cobb肉仔鸡800只,随机分为2组,每组5个重复,每个重复80只。对照组饲喂玉米-小麦-豆粕型日粮,试验组饲喂基础日粮添加2000 U/g木聚糖酶+800 U/g葡聚糖酶,试验分为3个阶段,1～14 d,15～28 d和29～42 d。与对照组相比,酶制剂组显著提高了28～42 d肉鸡能量和蛋白质利用率(P <0.05),显著降低了平均日采食量、日增重和料重比(P <0.05)。对于试验全期,酶制剂组显著提高了1～42 d肉鸡能量和粗蛋白质利用率(P <0.05),同时显著降低了平均日采食量、日增重和料重比(P <0.05)。酶制剂组较对照组显著提高了肉鸡的屠宰率和腿肌率(P <0.05)。对照组与酶制剂组对肉鸡胴体干物质、脂肪和灰分含量的影响均无显著差异(P> 0.05)。日粮添加复合酶较对照组显著提高了28和42 d肉鸡血液T3的含量(P <0.05),显著降低了42 d肉鸡血液T4的含量(P <0.05),同时酶制剂组较对照组显著提高了42 d肉鸡血液葡萄糖的浓度(P <0.05)。与对照组相比,酶制剂组显著降低了28和42 d肉鸡血液尿酸含量(P <0.05),显著提高了14和42 d肉鸡血液甘油三酯含量(P <0.05)。综上所述,1～42 d肉鸡日粮添加2000 U/g木聚糖酶和800 U/g葡聚糖酶可以显著改善料肉比,提高屠宰性能,可改变血液中甲状腺激素和部分代谢物的浓度,但对胴体成分影响不大。
This study aimed to investigate the effects of xylanase and glucanase on growth performance,slaughter performance,carcass composition and blood parameters of broilers fed with the corn-wheat-soybean meal based diets. A total of 800 1 d Cobb broilers were allotted to 2 groups with 5 replicates of 80 birds. The control group fed with the he corn-wheatsoybean meal based diets,while the treatment group fed with the basal diet supplementation of 2000 U/g xylanse and 800 U/g glucanase. The trial performance by 3 stages,1 ～ 14 d,15 ～ 28 d and 29 ～ 42 d. Relative growth,energy effi ciency and protein effi ciency was signifi cantly improved(P <0.05)by enzyme supplementation from 14 ～ 28 d. Enzyme inclusion increased energy and protein effi ciency and decreased feed intake,body weight gain and feed to gain ratio from 29 ～ 42 d(P< 0.05). Relative growth,energy effi ciency and protein effi ciency was increased and feed intake and feed to gain ratio was decreased by enzyme supplementation from 1 ～ 42 d(P <0.05). Enzyme supplementation increased carcass percentage and thighs percentage signifi cantly(P <0.05). The results of this study showed that enzyme addition increased the concentration of blood T3(P <0.05)at 28 and 42 d and reduced the concentration of blood T4(P <0.05)at 42 d.The concentration of blood glucose signifi cantly elevated by enzyme supplementation at 42 d(P <0.05). The resent study showed that adding multi-enzyme to broilers diet signifi cantly increased the concentration of blood total cholesterol at 14,28 and 42 d(P <0.05). Enzyme supplementation was reduced the concentration of blood uric acid at 28 and 42 d(P <0.05)). In conclusion,In conclusion,supplementation corn-wheat-soybean meal based diets with 2000 U/g xylanase and 800 U/g glucanase for 1 ～ 42 d broilers improved feed to gain ratio,carcass yield and it can change the concentrations of thyroid hormones and some metabolites in blood,but it had not signifi cant effect on carcass composition.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of xylanase and glucanase on growth performance,slaughter performance,carcass composition and blood parameters of broilers fed with the corn-wheat-soybean meal based diets. A total of 800 1 d Cobb broilers were allotted to 2 groups with 5 replicates of 80 birds. The control group fed with the he corn-wheatsoybean meal based diets,while the treatment group fed with the basal diet supplementation of 2000 U/g xylanse and 800 U/g glucanase. The trial performance by 3 stages,1 ～ 14 d,15 ～ 28 d and 29 ～ 42 d. Relative growth,energy effi ciency and protein effi ciency was signifi cantly improved(P <0.05)by enzyme supplementation from 14 ～ 28 d. Enzyme inclusion increased energy and protein effi ciency and decreased feed intake,body weight gain and feed to gain ratio from 29 ～ 42 d(P< 0.05). Relative growth,energy effi ciency and protein effi ciency was increased and feed intake and feed to gain ratio was decreased by enzyme supplementation from 1 ～ 42 d(P <0.05). Enzyme supplementation increased carcass percentage and thighs percentage signifi cantly(P <0.05). The results of this study showed that enzyme addition increased the concentration of blood T3(P <0.05)at 28 and 42 d and reduced the concentration of blood T4(P <0.05)at 42 d.The concentration of blood glucose signifi cantly elevated by enzyme supplementation at 42 d(P <0.05). The resent study showed that adding multi-enzyme to broilers diet signifi cantly increased the concentration of blood total cholesterol at 14,28 and 42 d(P <0.05). Enzyme supplementation was reduced the concentration of blood uric acid at 28 and 42 d(P <0.05)). In conclusion,In conclusion,supplementation corn-wheat-soybean meal based diets with 2000 U/g xylanase and 800 U/g glucanase for 1 ～ 42 d broilers improved feed to gain ratio,carcass yield and it can change the concentrations of thyroid hormones and some metabolites in blood,but it had not signifi cant effect on carcass composition.
引文
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[6]Giraldo L A,Tejido M L,Ranilla M J et al.Influence of directfed fibrolytic enzymes on diet digestibility and ruminal activity in sheep fed grass hay-based diet[J].J Anim Sci,2008,86:1617~1623.
[7]Han Z K.Effect of enzyme supplementation of diets on the physiological function and performance of poultry[M].In:Enzymes in poultry and swine nutrition.IDRC,Ottawa,Canada,ISBN:1-55250-278-3,1997,29~44.
[8]Knudsen K E B.Carbohydrate and lignin contents of plant materials used in animal feeding[J].Anim Feed Sci Technol,1997,67:319~338.
[9]Lazaro R,Garcia M,Medel P et al.Influence of enzymes on performance and digestive parameters of broilers fed rye-based diets[J].Poult Sci,2003,82:132~140.
[10]Sutton C D,Muir W M,Mitchell G E J.The effect of dietary cholesterol,energy intake and oxygen consumption on cholesterol metabolism in the chick[J].Poult Sci,1985,64:502~509.
[11]Thrope J,Beal J D et al.Vegetable proteins meals and the effects of enzymes[M].In:Enzymes in farm animal Nnutrition.CABIPublishers,Wallingford,Oxon,UK,ISBN:10:0851993931,2001,125~143.
[12]Wang Z R,Qiao S Y,Lu W Q et al.Effects of enzyme supplementation on performance,nutrient digestibility,gastrointestinal morphology and volatile fatty acid profiles in the hindgut of broilers fed wheat-based diets[J].Poult Sci,2005,84:875~881.
[13]Wiseman J,Nicol N T,Norton G.Relationship between apparent metabolisable(AME)values and in vivo/in vitro starch digestibility of wheat for broilers[J].W Poult Sci J,2000,56:306~318.
[14]Yu B,Wu S T,Liu C C et al.Effects of enzyme inclusion in a corn-soybean diet on broiler performance[J].Anim Feed Sci Tech,2007,134:283~294.
[2]Balamurugan R,Chandrasekaran D.Effect of multienzyme supplementation on weight gain,feed intake,feed efficiency and blood glucose in broiler chickens[J].Indian J Sci Technol,2009,3:193~195.
[3]Buyse J,Jassens K,van der Geyten S et al.Pre-and postprandial changes in plasma hormone and metabolite levels and hepatic deiodinase activities in meal-fed broiler chickens[J].Br J Nutr,2002,88:641~653.
[4]Choct M,Hughes R J,Wang J et al.Increased small intestinal fermentation is partly responsible for the anti-nutritive activity of non-starch polysaccharides in chickens[J].Br Poult Sci,1996,37:609~621.
[5]Ghazi S,Rooke J A,Galbraith H et al.The potential for the improvement of the nutritive value of soya-bean meal by different proteases in broiler chicks and broiler cockerels[J].Br Poult Sci,2002,43:70~77.
[6]Giraldo L A,Tejido M L,Ranilla M J et al.Influence of directfed fibrolytic enzymes on diet digestibility and ruminal activity in sheep fed grass hay-based diet[J].J Anim Sci,2008,86:1617~1623.
[7]Han Z K.Effect of enzyme supplementation of diets on the physiological function and performance of poultry[M].In:Enzymes in poultry and swine nutrition.IDRC,Ottawa,Canada,ISBN:1-55250-278-3,1997,29~44.
[8]Knudsen K E B.Carbohydrate and lignin contents of plant materials used in animal feeding[J].Anim Feed Sci Technol,1997,67:319~338.
[9]Lazaro R,Garcia M,Medel P et al.Influence of enzymes on performance and digestive parameters of broilers fed rye-based diets[J].Poult Sci,2003,82:132~140.
[10]Sutton C D,Muir W M,Mitchell G E J.The effect of dietary cholesterol,energy intake and oxygen consumption on cholesterol metabolism in the chick[J].Poult Sci,1985,64:502~509.
[11]Thrope J,Beal J D et al.Vegetable proteins meals and the effects of enzymes[M].In:Enzymes in farm animal Nnutrition.CABIPublishers,Wallingford,Oxon,UK,ISBN:10:0851993931,2001,125~143.
[12]Wang Z R,Qiao S Y,Lu W Q et al.Effects of enzyme supplementation on performance,nutrient digestibility,gastrointestinal morphology and volatile fatty acid profiles in the hindgut of broilers fed wheat-based diets[J].Poult Sci,2005,84:875~881.
[13]Wiseman J,Nicol N T,Norton G.Relationship between apparent metabolisable(AME)values and in vivo/in vitro starch digestibility of wheat for broilers[J].W Poult Sci J,2000,56:306~318.
[14]Yu B,Wu S T,Liu C C et al.Effects of enzyme inclusion in a corn-soybean diet on broiler performance[J].Anim Feed Sci Tech,2007,134:283~294.