莫来石纤维增强堇青石质陶瓷材料性能研究
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摘要
以堇青石粉为原料,碳粉为造孔剂,甲基纤维素(MC)为粘结剂,甘油、乙醇为润滑剂,通过挤压成型和固态粒子烧成法制备具有高开孔率,高强度的陶瓷。通过烧结温度和保温时间的正交实验确定堇青石基体材料的烧结制度。通过考察烧结温度和莫来石纤维(PMF)添加量对纤维陶瓷性能的影响,确定使纤维与基体材料结合程度最佳的烧结制度和莫来石添加量。采用SEM、XRD表征样品的断面形貌和晶相种类,以分析基体材料和莫来石纤维的相互作用对陶瓷性能的影响。结果表明:1300℃下保温2 h的堇青石陶瓷综合性能较佳;含纤维陶瓷的烧结温度越高,莫来石纤维与堇青石基体的结合越紧密,莫来石纤维的增强作用越明显,但高于1300℃时,复合陶瓷的抗压强度会由于堇青石基体材料强度下降而下降;莫来石纤维添加量为20%时,陶瓷开孔率为49. 25%,抗压强度为15. 69 MPa,比无纤维的陶瓷增加了153%。
The ceramic with high open porosity and high strength were prepared by extrusion molding and solid state sintering,using cordierite powder as raw material,carbon powder as pore former,glycerin and ethanol as lubricants and methyl cellulose( MC) as binder. The sintering system of cordierite matrix material was determined by orthogonal experiment of sintering temperature and holding time. By investigating the influence of sintering temperature and mullite fiber( PMF) addition on the properties of fiber ceramics,the sintering system with the best degree of fiber to substrate bonding was determined.The cross-sectional morphology and crystal phase of the sample were characterized by SEM and XRD,the effect of the interaction between the matrix material and mullite fiber on the properties of the ceramic were analyzed. The results show that the performance of cordierite ceramics sintered at 1300 ℃ for 2 h is better; the higher the sintering temperature of fiber-containing ceramics,the closer the combination of mullite fibers and cordierite matrix,and the reinforcing effect of mullite fibers is stronger,however,when the temperature is higher than 1300 ℃,the compressive strength of the composite ceramics will decrease due to the significant decrease of the strength of the cordierite substrate. When the mullite fiber addition is 20%,the opening pore ratio of the ceramics is 49. 25%,and the compressive strength is 15. 69 MPa.It is 153% stronger than fiber-free ceramics.
The ceramic with high open porosity and high strength were prepared by extrusion molding and solid state sintering,using cordierite powder as raw material,carbon powder as pore former,glycerin and ethanol as lubricants and methyl cellulose( MC) as binder. The sintering system of cordierite matrix material was determined by orthogonal experiment of sintering temperature and holding time. By investigating the influence of sintering temperature and mullite fiber( PMF) addition on the properties of fiber ceramics,the sintering system with the best degree of fiber to substrate bonding was determined.The cross-sectional morphology and crystal phase of the sample were characterized by SEM and XRD,the effect of the interaction between the matrix material and mullite fiber on the properties of the ceramic were analyzed. The results show that the performance of cordierite ceramics sintered at 1300 ℃ for 2 h is better; the higher the sintering temperature of fiber-containing ceramics,the closer the combination of mullite fibers and cordierite matrix,and the reinforcing effect of mullite fibers is stronger,however,when the temperature is higher than 1300 ℃,the compressive strength of the composite ceramics will decrease due to the significant decrease of the strength of the cordierite substrate. When the mullite fiber addition is 20%,the opening pore ratio of the ceramics is 49. 25%,and the compressive strength is 15. 69 MPa.It is 153% stronger than fiber-free ceramics.
引文
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[14]Zhang J,Dong X,Hou F,et al.Effect of Mullite Fiber Content on the Microstructure and Properties of Porous Mullite Fiber/Sillica Composite[J].Ceramics International,2016,42(5):6520-6524.
[15]陈志彦,钟保民,李文芳,等.莫来石纤维/氯氧镁复合材料的制备及增强机理分析[J].功能材料,2015,46(s2):147-149.
[16]刘宇,邓永茜.莫来石纤维增强铝硅酸盐陶瓷的强度及断裂韧性[J].陶瓷学报,1989(2):61-64.
[17]张长瑞.陶瓷基复合材料[M].长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2001.
[18]Wang Y,Cheng H,Liu H,et al.Microstructure and Room Temperature Mechanical Properties of Mullite Fiber after Heat-treatment at Elevated Temperature[J].Materials Science&Engineering,2013,578(33):287-293.
[19]柴军福,王守业,曹喜营,等.莫来石纤维加入量对刚玉质耐火浇注料性能的影响[J].耐火材料,2015(6):438-441.
[20]高淑雅,郭晓琛,郭宏伟,等.莫来石纤维增强多孔玻璃基复合材料的结构与性能[J].功能材料,2010,41(8):1465-1468.
[2]Chang Q B,Zhou J E,Wang Y,et al.Application of Ceramic Microfiltration Membrane Modified by Nano-TiO2Coating in Separation of a Stable Oil-in-water Emulsion[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2014,456(8):128-133.
[3]李豪.莫来石及堇青石/莫来石多孔陶瓷的制备与性能[D].海南:海南大学,2017.
[4]汪潇,杨留栓,刘祎冉,等.堇青石陶瓷的研究现状[J].耐火材料,2009,43(4):297-299.
[5]Bejjaoui R,Benhammou A,Nibou L,et al.Synthesis and Characterization of Cordierite Ceramic from Moroccan Stevensite and Andalusite[J].Applied Clay Science,2010,49(3)336-340.
[6]斯更青.多晶莫来石纤维(PMF)的特性[J].工业炉,1988(2):60-62.
[7]郑海薇.多晶莫来石纤维的实验研究与分析[J].科学与信息化,2017(11):97-100.
[8]Kaya C,Butler E G,Selcuk A,et al.Mullite(Nextel^TM 720)Fibre-reinforced Mullite Matrix Composites Exhibiting Favourable Thermomechanical Properties[J].Joumal of the European Ceramic Society,2002,22(13):2333-2342.
[9]Lang Y,Wang C A,Zhou J.Fabrication and Properties of Mullite Fiber-reinforced Porous Mullite Ceramics[J].Key Engineering Materials,2012,512-515:586-589.
[10]Sun Y S,Deng X Y,Wang Y S,et al.Fabrication of Mullite Fiber Reinforced Si C Porous Ceramic[C].China National Conference on Functional Materials and Applications,2013,873(873):250-356.
[11]曹玉菲.车用堇青石蜂窝陶瓷催化剂载体的制备与性能研究[D].大连:大连海事大学,2013.
[12]王焕庭,刘杏芹,周勇,等.多孔陶瓷支撑体膜材料的制备与性能表征[J].膜科学与技术,1997,17(1):47-52.
[13]史国谱,王志,赵军,等.莫来石纤维对氧化铝陶瓷性能的影响[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38(s2):447-449.
[14]Zhang J,Dong X,Hou F,et al.Effect of Mullite Fiber Content on the Microstructure and Properties of Porous Mullite Fiber/Sillica Composite[J].Ceramics International,2016,42(5):6520-6524.
[15]陈志彦,钟保民,李文芳,等.莫来石纤维/氯氧镁复合材料的制备及增强机理分析[J].功能材料,2015,46(s2):147-149.
[16]刘宇,邓永茜.莫来石纤维增强铝硅酸盐陶瓷的强度及断裂韧性[J].陶瓷学报,1989(2):61-64.
[17]张长瑞.陶瓷基复合材料[M].长沙:国防科技大学出版社,2001.
[18]Wang Y,Cheng H,Liu H,et al.Microstructure and Room Temperature Mechanical Properties of Mullite Fiber after Heat-treatment at Elevated Temperature[J].Materials Science&Engineering,2013,578(33):287-293.
[19]柴军福,王守业,曹喜营,等.莫来石纤维加入量对刚玉质耐火浇注料性能的影响[J].耐火材料,2015(6):438-441.
[20]高淑雅,郭晓琛,郭宏伟,等.莫来石纤维增强多孔玻璃基复合材料的结构与性能[J].功能材料,2010,41(8):1465-1468.