具有三维网络结构的莫来石纤维多孔隔热材料的制备及性能研究
|
摘要
本文针对以模压法制备的莫来石纤维隔热材料内部莫来石纤维易形成层状排列的缺点,通过向浆料中引入聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)的方法来增加浆料的黏度,从而提高纤维的悬浮稳定性,进而制备出具有三维网络结构的莫来石纤维隔热材料。研究了CPAM浓度对莫来石纤维多孔隔热材料的显微结构以及各项物理性能的影响规律。试验结果表明,随着CPAM浓度的增加,试样内部纤维的三维搭接结构越发明显,试样的气孔率逐渐增大,密度和热导率随之减小。但样品的强度随着CPAM的加入呈先增大后减小趋势。当CPAM的浓度为质量分数0.62%时,所制备出的样品的密度为0.382g/cm3、热导率为0.069W/(m·K),且强度呈现最大值0.64MPa。
In this paper,in order to overcome the shortcomings that the internal mullite fibers in the mullite fiber insulation material prepared by the molding method tended to form a parallel orientation,polyacrylamide(CPAM)was introduced into the slurry to increase the viscosity of it so as to improve the suspension stability of the fibers,so the mullite fiber insulation material with three-dimensional network structure can be prepared. In this process,the influence of CPAM concentration on the microstructure and physical properties of mullite fiber insulation material was investigated. The results indicated that with the increase of CPAM concentration,the three-dimensional structure of the internal fibers became more and more obvious,the porosity of the sample increased and the density and the thermal conductivity decreased,while the strength of the sample first increased and then decreased. The maximum strength of the sample reached 0.64 MPa when the concentration of CPAM was 0.62 wt.%,by which the density and the thermal conductivity of the prepared sample was 0.382 g/cm3 and 0.069 W/(m·K)respectively.
In this paper,in order to overcome the shortcomings that the internal mullite fibers in the mullite fiber insulation material prepared by the molding method tended to form a parallel orientation,polyacrylamide(CPAM)was introduced into the slurry to increase the viscosity of it so as to improve the suspension stability of the fibers,so the mullite fiber insulation material with three-dimensional network structure can be prepared. In this process,the influence of CPAM concentration on the microstructure and physical properties of mullite fiber insulation material was investigated. The results indicated that with the increase of CPAM concentration,the three-dimensional structure of the internal fibers became more and more obvious,the porosity of the sample increased and the density and the thermal conductivity decreased,while the strength of the sample first increased and then decreased. The maximum strength of the sample reached 0.64 MPa when the concentration of CPAM was 0.62 wt.%,by which the density and the thermal conductivity of the prepared sample was 0.382 g/cm3 and 0.069 W/(m·K)respectively.
引文
[1]陈玉峰,洪长青,胡成龙,等.空天飞行器用热防护陶瓷材料[J].现代技术陶瓷,2017,38(05):311-390.Chen Yufeng,Hong Changqing,Hu Chenglong,et al.Ceramicbased thermal protection materials for aerospace vehicles[J].Advanced Ceramics,2017,38(05):311-390.(in Chinese)
[2]黄伟,夏智勋.美国高超声速飞行器技术研究进展及其启示[J].国防科技,2011(3):17-20.Huang Wei,Xia Zhixun.Research progress and apocalypses on the American hypersonic vehicle technology[J].National Defense Science&Technology,2011(3):17-20.(in Chinese)
[3]沈娟,李舰.高超声速飞行器的防热材料与防热结构进展[J].飞航导弹,2013(1):86-90.Shen Juan,Li Jian.Development of heat-proof materials and structures for hypersonic vehicle[J].Aerodynamic Missile Journal,2013(1):86-90.(in Chinese)
[4]David E M,Jr C J M,Max L B.Parametric weight comparison of current and proposed Thermal Protection System(TPS)concepts[M].NASA Langley Technical Report Server,1999.
[5]孙兆虎.高超声速飞行器结构热问题讨论[J].航空科学技术,2008(3):13-16.Sun Zhaohu.The issues of the aerodynamic heating and thermal protection of hypersonic flight vehicle[J].Aeronautical Science&Technology,2008(3):13-16.(in Chinese)
[6]任青梅,张婕.陶瓷基复合材料盖板式热防护系统的设计与分析[J].航空科学技术,2013(5):44-48.Ren Qingmei,Zhang Jie.Design and analysis of ceramic matrix composite shingle thermal protection system[J].Aeronautical Science&Technology,2013(5):44-48.(in Chinese)
[7]Rakow J F,Waas A M.Response of actively cooled metal foam sandwich panels exposed to thermal loading[J].AIAA Journal,2007,45(2):329-336.
[8]姚树玉.莫来石连续纤维制备工艺的研究[D].北京:北京机电研究所,2006.Yao Shuyu.Preparing method of continuous mullite fibers[D].Beijing:Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical&Electrical Technology,2006.(in Chinese)
[9]柳云衡.多晶莫来石纤维在环形加热炉的应用[J].工业炉,2011,33(04):46-48.Liu Yunheng.Application of polycrystalline mullite fibre in rotary hearth furnace[J].Industrial Furnace,2011,33(04):46-48.(in Chinese)
[10]吴刚.多晶莫来石纤维耐火材料在乙烯裂解炉上的应用[J].石油化工设备技术,2005,26(03):30-35.Wu Gang.Application of polycrystalline mullite fiber fire resisting material on ethylene cracking furnace[J].PetroChemical Equipment Technology,2005,26(03):30-35.(in Chinese)
[11]杨亚政,杨嘉陵,方岱宁.高超声速飞行器热防护材料与结构的研究进展[J].应用数学和力学,2008,29(1):47-56.Yang Yazheng,Yang Jialing,Fang Daining.Research progress on the thermal protection materials and structures in hypersonic vehicles[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2008,29(1):47-56.(in Chinese)
[12]Dong Xue,Sui Guofa,Yun Ziqi,et al.Effect of temperature on the mechanical behavior of mullite fibrous ceramics with a 3D skeleton structure prepared by molding method[J].Materials&Design,2016,90:942-948.
[13]Hu Xiaoxia,Yang Lina,Li Lingyu,et al.Freeze casting of composite system with stable fiber network and movable particles[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2016,36:4147-4153.
[14]Zhang Jing,Dong Xue,Hou Feng,et al.Effect of mullite fiber content on the microstructure and properties of porous mullite fiber/silica composite[J].Ceramics International,2016,42:6520–6524.
[15]王衍飞.气凝胶复合陶瓷纤维刚性隔热瓦的制备及性能研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2008.Wang Yanfei.Preparation and properties of airgel composite ceramic fiber reinforced thermal shingles[D].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2008.(in Chinese)
[16]冯云龙.莫来石基刚性多孔隔热材料的制备与性能研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.Feng Yunlong.Study on the preparation and properties of mullite-based rigid porous insulation materials[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2012.(in Chinese)
[17]马景陶,谢志鹏,黄勇,等.水溶性高分子聚丙烯酰胺对氧化铝注凝成型的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,2002,30(6):716-720.Ma Jingtao,Xie Zhipeng,Huang Yong,et al.Effect of watersoluble polyacrylamide on gelcasting of alumina[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2002,30(6):716-720.(in Chinese)
[2]黄伟,夏智勋.美国高超声速飞行器技术研究进展及其启示[J].国防科技,2011(3):17-20.Huang Wei,Xia Zhixun.Research progress and apocalypses on the American hypersonic vehicle technology[J].National Defense Science&Technology,2011(3):17-20.(in Chinese)
[3]沈娟,李舰.高超声速飞行器的防热材料与防热结构进展[J].飞航导弹,2013(1):86-90.Shen Juan,Li Jian.Development of heat-proof materials and structures for hypersonic vehicle[J].Aerodynamic Missile Journal,2013(1):86-90.(in Chinese)
[4]David E M,Jr C J M,Max L B.Parametric weight comparison of current and proposed Thermal Protection System(TPS)concepts[M].NASA Langley Technical Report Server,1999.
[5]孙兆虎.高超声速飞行器结构热问题讨论[J].航空科学技术,2008(3):13-16.Sun Zhaohu.The issues of the aerodynamic heating and thermal protection of hypersonic flight vehicle[J].Aeronautical Science&Technology,2008(3):13-16.(in Chinese)
[6]任青梅,张婕.陶瓷基复合材料盖板式热防护系统的设计与分析[J].航空科学技术,2013(5):44-48.Ren Qingmei,Zhang Jie.Design and analysis of ceramic matrix composite shingle thermal protection system[J].Aeronautical Science&Technology,2013(5):44-48.(in Chinese)
[7]Rakow J F,Waas A M.Response of actively cooled metal foam sandwich panels exposed to thermal loading[J].AIAA Journal,2007,45(2):329-336.
[8]姚树玉.莫来石连续纤维制备工艺的研究[D].北京:北京机电研究所,2006.Yao Shuyu.Preparing method of continuous mullite fibers[D].Beijing:Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical&Electrical Technology,2006.(in Chinese)
[9]柳云衡.多晶莫来石纤维在环形加热炉的应用[J].工业炉,2011,33(04):46-48.Liu Yunheng.Application of polycrystalline mullite fibre in rotary hearth furnace[J].Industrial Furnace,2011,33(04):46-48.(in Chinese)
[10]吴刚.多晶莫来石纤维耐火材料在乙烯裂解炉上的应用[J].石油化工设备技术,2005,26(03):30-35.Wu Gang.Application of polycrystalline mullite fiber fire resisting material on ethylene cracking furnace[J].PetroChemical Equipment Technology,2005,26(03):30-35.(in Chinese)
[11]杨亚政,杨嘉陵,方岱宁.高超声速飞行器热防护材料与结构的研究进展[J].应用数学和力学,2008,29(1):47-56.Yang Yazheng,Yang Jialing,Fang Daining.Research progress on the thermal protection materials and structures in hypersonic vehicles[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,2008,29(1):47-56.(in Chinese)
[12]Dong Xue,Sui Guofa,Yun Ziqi,et al.Effect of temperature on the mechanical behavior of mullite fibrous ceramics with a 3D skeleton structure prepared by molding method[J].Materials&Design,2016,90:942-948.
[13]Hu Xiaoxia,Yang Lina,Li Lingyu,et al.Freeze casting of composite system with stable fiber network and movable particles[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2016,36:4147-4153.
[14]Zhang Jing,Dong Xue,Hou Feng,et al.Effect of mullite fiber content on the microstructure and properties of porous mullite fiber/silica composite[J].Ceramics International,2016,42:6520–6524.
[15]王衍飞.气凝胶复合陶瓷纤维刚性隔热瓦的制备及性能研究[D].长沙:国防科学技术大学,2008.Wang Yanfei.Preparation and properties of airgel composite ceramic fiber reinforced thermal shingles[D].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2008.(in Chinese)
[16]冯云龙.莫来石基刚性多孔隔热材料的制备与性能研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.Feng Yunlong.Study on the preparation and properties of mullite-based rigid porous insulation materials[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2012.(in Chinese)
[17]马景陶,谢志鹏,黄勇,等.水溶性高分子聚丙烯酰胺对氧化铝注凝成型的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,2002,30(6):716-720.Ma Jingtao,Xie Zhipeng,Huang Yong,et al.Effect of watersoluble polyacrylamide on gelcasting of alumina[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2002,30(6):716-720.(in Chinese)