X射线实时成像系统在GIS焊接壳体检测的应用
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摘要
X射线实时成像技术作为一种检测焊接产品内部缺陷的无损探伤技术,已经广泛应用在航空、航天、锅炉压力容器、汽车制造等众多行业。国内外许多金属焊接壳体生产厂家已经使用该技术对产品焊接质量进行无损检测。文中通过将X射线实时成像检测方法与传统的曝光胶片法、化学显像检测法等进行对比,明确了该方法的技术优势,确定了可靠性和实用性。文中介绍了X射线数字化实时成像无损检测系统应用于GIS焊接壳体的技术原理与系统组成,通过对GIS焊接壳体各种焊缝的大量检测,根据GIS壳体焊缝内部缺陷的特征,将焊缝的缺陷总结为6大类:气孔、夹渣、未焊透、未熔合、裂纹及疏松。并结合实际工作解决的问题进行使用效果的总结,该技术提高了检测效率,扩大了检测范围,提高了试验的安全性和焊缝质量评价的准确性,减少了环境污染,而且该系统对检测的缺陷进行特征数据库的电子档案管理,不仅可以建档以备日后查看,同时特征数据库的建立丰富了缺陷特征,文中对该技术的实际应用介绍了将该技术引入到高压开关企业进行GIS壳体无损探伤的经验。
X-ray real-time imaging technology,as a nondestructive flaw detection technique for detecting internaldefects in welding products,has been widely used in aviation,aerospace,boilers,pressure vessels,automobile manu-facturing and many other industries. Many metal welding shell manufacturers at home and abroad have already usedthis technology to test the welding quality of products. In this paper,X-ray real-time imaging method is comparedwith the traditional exposure film method and chemical imaging method. The technical advantages of this method aredefined,and the reliability and practicability are confirmed. This paper introduces the technology principle and sys-tem of X digital X-ray real-time imaging nondestructive testing system for GIS welding of the shell,through a lot oftesting for GIS welding seam according to the characteristics of various kinds of shell,the internal defects of GISshell weld,weld defects will be summarized into six categories:porosity,slag inclusion,incomplete penetration,in-complete fusion crack and loose. Combined with practical work to solve the problem of using the results of the summa-ry,this technology improves the detection efficiency,expand the detection range and improve the accuracy and safe-ty of weld quality evaluation test,reduce environmental pollution,electronic archives management and the system ofthe detection of defects on the characteristics of the database,not only can filing for the day after the show,at thesame time characteristic database establishment enriches the defect characteristics,the practical application of this technique introduces the experience technology into the enterprise of high voltage switch NDT GIS shell.
X-ray real-time imaging technology,as a nondestructive flaw detection technique for detecting internaldefects in welding products,has been widely used in aviation,aerospace,boilers,pressure vessels,automobile manu-facturing and many other industries. Many metal welding shell manufacturers at home and abroad have already usedthis technology to test the welding quality of products. In this paper,X-ray real-time imaging method is comparedwith the traditional exposure film method and chemical imaging method. The technical advantages of this method aredefined,and the reliability and practicability are confirmed. This paper introduces the technology principle and sys-tem of X digital X-ray real-time imaging nondestructive testing system for GIS welding of the shell,through a lot oftesting for GIS welding seam according to the characteristics of various kinds of shell,the internal defects of GISshell weld,weld defects will be summarized into six categories:porosity,slag inclusion,incomplete penetration,in-complete fusion crack and loose. Combined with practical work to solve the problem of using the results of the summa-ry,this technology improves the detection efficiency,expand the detection range and improve the accuracy and safe-ty of weld quality evaluation test,reduce environmental pollution,electronic archives management and the system ofthe detection of defects on the characteristics of the database,not only can filing for the day after the show,at thesame time characteristic database establishment enriches the defect characteristics,the practical application of this technique introduces the experience technology into the enterprise of high voltage switch NDT GIS shell.
引文
[1]刘超.超声层析成像的理论与实现[D].杭州:浙江大学,2003.LIU Chao.Theory and implementation of ultrasonic tomography[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2003.
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[10]刘艳.X射线实时成像系统的发展[J].机械管理开发,2006(2):7-8.LIU Yan.Development of X ray real time imaging system[J].Mechanical Management and Development,2006(2):7-8.
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[12]王邓志,罗斌,罗宏建.合成孔径聚焦超声成像系统研究[J].东北电力技术,2002(12):42-45.WANG Dengzhi,LUO Bin,LUO Hongjian.Research on synthetic aperture focused ultrasound imaging system[J].Northeast Electric Power Technology,2002(12):42-45.
[13]荆峰.X射线数字化实时成像系统在无损检测中的应用[J].无损探伤,2004,26(3):37-39.JING Feng.Application of X ray digital real time imaging system in nondestructive testing[J].Non-Destructive Testing,2004,26(3):37-39.
[14]高鸿奕,陈建文,朱化凤,等.光电子放大的X射线全息实时成像系统[J].核技术,2005,28(1):1-4.GAO Hongyi,CHEN Jianwen,ZHU Huafeng,et al.A X ray holographic real time imaging system for photoelectron amplification[J].Nuclear Technology,2005,28(1):1-4.
[15]李跃军.角焊缝X射线探伤方法探讨[J].无损检测,2003,25(3):157-159.LI Yuejun.Discussion on X ray flaw detection method for fillet welds[J].Non-Destructive Testing,2003,25(3):157-159.
[16]魏福利,邱孟通,袁媛,等.数字化线阵CCD扫描X射线成像系统[J].核电子学与探测技术,2006,26(6):958-962.WEI Fuli,QIU Mengtong,YUAN Yuan,et al.Digital linear CCD scanning X ray imaging system[J].Nuclear Electronics&Detection Technology,2006,26(6):958-962.
[17]金裕方.浅谈X射线数字化实时成像检测技术[J].天然气技术,2007(4):2.JIN Yufang.Discussion on X ray digital real time imaging inspection technology[J].Natural Gas Technology,2007(4):2.
[18]陆荣林,费云鹏,白宝泉.微波检测原理及其在复合材料中的应用[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2001(2):40-41.LU Ronglin,FEI Yunpeng,BAI Baoquan.Principle of microwave detection and its application in composite materials[J].Fiber Reinforced Plastics/Composites,2001(2):40-41.
[19]戴光.压力容器安全工程学[M].哈尔滨:黑龙江科学出版社,1995.DAI Guang.Pressure vessel safety engineering[M].Harbin:Heilongjiang Science Press,1995.(219)
[20]曾祥照.X射线实时成像系统分辨率及其影响因素[J].无损探伤,2003,27(6):10-13.ZENG Xiangzhao.Resolution of X ray real-time imaging system and its influencing factors[J].Non-Destructive Testing,2003,27(6):10-13.
[2]中国机械工程学会无损检测分会.超声波检测[M].2版.北京:机械工业出版社,2000.Nondestructive Testing Branch of China Mechanical Engineering Society.Ultrasonic testing[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Machinery Industry Press,2000.
[3]庞勇,韩焱.超声成像方法综述[J].测试技术学报,2001,15(4):280-284.PANG Yong,HAN Yan.Overview of ultrasonic imaging methods[J].Journal of Test and Measurement,2001,15(4):280-284.
[4]ROBERT E,GREEN J R.Nondestructive characterization of material properties[J].Mechanical Engineering,1987,109(2):268.
[5]JIANG Futang.Ultrasonic and radiography testing of metal matrix composite[C]//7th Asian-Pacific Conference on Nondestructive Testing.Shanghai:[s.n.],1993:240.
[6]朱建堂.激光,红外和微波无损检测技术的应用与发展[J].无损检测,1997,19(11):314-316.ZHU Jiantang.Application and development of laser,infrared and microwave nondestructive testing technology[J].Non-Destructive Testing,1997,19(11):314-316.
[7]沈趁中.超声成像技术及其在无损检测中的应用[J].无损检测,1994,16(7):202-204.SHEN Chenzhong.Ultrasonic imaging technology and its application in nondestructive testing[J].Non-Destructive Testing,1994,16(7):202-204.
[8]燕会明.超声相控阵技术及其应用研究[D].太原:中北大学,2008.YAN Huiming.Ultrasonic phased array technology and its application[D].Taiyuan:North Central University,2008.
[9]李衍.超声相控阵技术[J].无损探伤,2007,31(4):24-25.LI Yan.Ultrasonic phased array technology[J].Non-Destructive Testing,2007,31(4):24-25.
[10]刘艳.X射线实时成像系统的发展[J].机械管理开发,2006(2):7-8.LIU Yan.Development of X ray real time imaging system[J].Mechanical Management and Development,2006(2):7-8.
[11]张德俊.声成像的研究进展及应用前景[J].科技导报,1994(9):5-7.ZHANG Dejun.Research progress and application prospect of acoustic imaging[J].Science and Technology Herald,1994(9):5-7.
[12]王邓志,罗斌,罗宏建.合成孔径聚焦超声成像系统研究[J].东北电力技术,2002(12):42-45.WANG Dengzhi,LUO Bin,LUO Hongjian.Research on synthetic aperture focused ultrasound imaging system[J].Northeast Electric Power Technology,2002(12):42-45.
[13]荆峰.X射线数字化实时成像系统在无损检测中的应用[J].无损探伤,2004,26(3):37-39.JING Feng.Application of X ray digital real time imaging system in nondestructive testing[J].Non-Destructive Testing,2004,26(3):37-39.
[14]高鸿奕,陈建文,朱化凤,等.光电子放大的X射线全息实时成像系统[J].核技术,2005,28(1):1-4.GAO Hongyi,CHEN Jianwen,ZHU Huafeng,et al.A X ray holographic real time imaging system for photoelectron amplification[J].Nuclear Technology,2005,28(1):1-4.
[15]李跃军.角焊缝X射线探伤方法探讨[J].无损检测,2003,25(3):157-159.LI Yuejun.Discussion on X ray flaw detection method for fillet welds[J].Non-Destructive Testing,2003,25(3):157-159.
[16]魏福利,邱孟通,袁媛,等.数字化线阵CCD扫描X射线成像系统[J].核电子学与探测技术,2006,26(6):958-962.WEI Fuli,QIU Mengtong,YUAN Yuan,et al.Digital linear CCD scanning X ray imaging system[J].Nuclear Electronics&Detection Technology,2006,26(6):958-962.
[17]金裕方.浅谈X射线数字化实时成像检测技术[J].天然气技术,2007(4):2.JIN Yufang.Discussion on X ray digital real time imaging inspection technology[J].Natural Gas Technology,2007(4):2.
[18]陆荣林,费云鹏,白宝泉.微波检测原理及其在复合材料中的应用[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2001(2):40-41.LU Ronglin,FEI Yunpeng,BAI Baoquan.Principle of microwave detection and its application in composite materials[J].Fiber Reinforced Plastics/Composites,2001(2):40-41.
[19]戴光.压力容器安全工程学[M].哈尔滨:黑龙江科学出版社,1995.DAI Guang.Pressure vessel safety engineering[M].Harbin:Heilongjiang Science Press,1995.(219)
[20]曾祥照.X射线实时成像系统分辨率及其影响因素[J].无损探伤,2003,27(6):10-13.ZENG Xiangzhao.Resolution of X ray real-time imaging system and its influencing factors[J].Non-Destructive Testing,2003,27(6):10-13.