芳纶短纤维的改性浸胶预处理对填充的三元乙丙橡胶材料性能的影响
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摘要
芳纶短纤维(AF)因具有高模量、耐高温以及耐化学稳定性等优异性能而得到广泛应用。然而,AF表面高度结晶且呈化学惰性导致制备的复合材料界面黏接较差,难以充分利用其优异性能。文中首先对AF进行热氧化处理,再使用CaCl_2乙醇溶液进行处理,最后用极性的丁吡胶乳浸渍处理得到改性浸胶预处理AF,重点研究了不同改性预处理方法对AF填充的三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)界面黏合性能的影响。实验结果表明,AF经复合处理后所制备的复合材料性能提高显著,其100%定伸应力、横向撕裂强度和纵向撕裂强度比未改性AF制备的复合材料分别提高了50.00%、78.95%和52.35%,相对滑脱能提高205.83%。动态力学热分析仪(DMA)和扫描电镜(SEM)结果表明,复合处理AF制备的复合材料纤维与橡胶界面黏接最好。
Aramid fibers(AF) were widely used owing to its high modulus and strength, outstanding temperature resistance and chemical stability. However, the highly crystallinity and low active surface of AF leaded to the poor interfacial adhesion performance of preparing composites, outstanding performances of AF have not been fully utilized. In this paper, AF was firstly treated by thermal oxidation treatment and then treated with calcium chloride-ethanol solution; finally, the pre-treated AF was impregnated with polar butadiene vinyl-pyridine rubber latex. The influences of different modified pretreatment methods on interfacial adhesion properties of AF filled ethylene propylene diene monomer(EPDM) were investigated. The results show that EPDM which is reinforced with AF prepared by complex processing has the most significant improvement in performances, the stretching stress at 100%, lateral tear strength and longitudinal tear strength compared with composites prepared by untreated AF are increased by 50.00%, 78.95% and 52.35%, respectively. The relative slip energy increases by 205.83%. Dynamic thermal mechanical analyzer(DMA) and SEM results show that the composites prepared by complex processing AF have the best adhesion with the rubber matrix.
Aramid fibers(AF) were widely used owing to its high modulus and strength, outstanding temperature resistance and chemical stability. However, the highly crystallinity and low active surface of AF leaded to the poor interfacial adhesion performance of preparing composites, outstanding performances of AF have not been fully utilized. In this paper, AF was firstly treated by thermal oxidation treatment and then treated with calcium chloride-ethanol solution; finally, the pre-treated AF was impregnated with polar butadiene vinyl-pyridine rubber latex. The influences of different modified pretreatment methods on interfacial adhesion properties of AF filled ethylene propylene diene monomer(EPDM) were investigated. The results show that EPDM which is reinforced with AF prepared by complex processing has the most significant improvement in performances, the stretching stress at 100%, lateral tear strength and longitudinal tear strength compared with composites prepared by untreated AF are increased by 50.00%, 78.95% and 52.35%, respectively. The relative slip energy increases by 205.83%. Dynamic thermal mechanical analyzer(DMA) and SEM results show that the composites prepared by complex processing AF have the best adhesion with the rubber matrix.
引文
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[13] 鲁学峰,郝智,罗筑,等.多巴胺处理芳纶对增强天然橡胶复合材料性能的影响[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2016,32(11):75-80.Lu X F,Hao Z,Luo Z,et al.Effect of dopamine modified aramid on reinforced natural rubber composites[J].Polymer Materials Science & Engineering,2016,32(11):75-80.
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[15] Li C,Zhen Q,Luo Z,et al.Effect of calcium chloride on the surface properties of Kevlar fiber[J].J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,2015,132:DOI:10.1002/app.41358.
[16] 吴卫东,许涛,哈德尔别克,等.芳纶短纤维与三元乙丙橡胶界面粘合水平评估研究[J].橡胶工业,2012,59(9):533-536.
[17] Payne A R,Whittaker R E,Smith J F.Effect of vulcanization on the low-strain dynamic properties of filled rubbers[J].J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,1972,16:1191-1212.
[18] Ashida M,Noguchi T,Mashimo S.Effect of matrix's type on the dynamic properties for short fiber-elastomer composite[J].J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,1985,30:1011-1021.
[19] 朱大勇,辜婷,郑强,等.CaCl2和多巴胺处理对芳纶纤维表面结构与性能的影响[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2017,33(10):29-33.Zhu D Y,Gu T,Zheng Q,et al.Effects of CaCl2 and dopamine treatment on surface structure and properties of aramid fiber[J].Polymer Materials Science & Engineering,2017,33(10):29-33.
[2] Hintze C,Shirazi M,Wiessner S,et al.Influence of fiber type and coating on the composite properties of EPDM compounds reinforced with short aramid fibers[J].Rubber Chem.Technol.,2013,86:579-590.
[3] Liu L,Huang Y D,Zhang Z Q,et al.Ultrasonic treatment of aramid fiber surface and its effect on the interface of aramid/epoxy composites[J].Appl.Surf.Sci.,2008,254:2594-2599.
[4] Zhang C,Wang J,Zhao Y.Effect of dendrimer modified montmorillonite on structure and properties of EPDM nanocomposites[J].Polym.Test.,2017,62:41-50.
[5] Orza R A,Magusin P C M M,Litvinov V M,et al.Mechanism for peroxide cross-linking of EPDM rubber from MAS13C NMR spectroscopy[J].Macromolecules,2009,42:8914-8924.
[6] Shirazi M,Noordermeer J W M.Factors influencing reinforcement of NR and EPDM rubbers with short aramid fibers[J].Rubber Chem.Technol.,2010,84:187-199.
[7] Zhang Y H,Huang Y D,Liu L,et al.Effects of γ-ray radiation grafting on aramid fibers and its composites[J].Appl.Surf.Sci.,2008,254:3153-3161.
[8] Li S,Gu A,Liang G,et al.A facile and green preparation of poly(glycidyl methacrylate) coated aramide fibers[J].J.Mater.Chem.,2012,22:8960-8968.
[9] Wu G M,Hung C H,You J H,et al.Surface modification of reinforcement fibers for composites by acid treatments[J].J.Polym.Res.,2004,11:31-36.
[10] Su M,Gu A,Liang G,et al.The effect of oxygen-plasma treatment on Kevlar fibers and the properties of Kevlar fibers/bismaleimide composites[J].Appl.Surf.Sci.,2011,257:3158-3167.
[11] Sa R,Yan Y,Wei Z,et al.Surface modification of aramid fibers by bio-inspired poly(dopamine) and epoxy functionalized silane grafting[J].ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces,2014,6:21730-21738.
[12] Lu X H,Liu C,Tian J,et al.Study of applying aramid fiber treated insurface to EPDM rubber composite materials[J].Appl.Mech.Mater.,2014,446/447:18-21.
[13] 鲁学峰,郝智,罗筑,等.多巴胺处理芳纶对增强天然橡胶复合材料性能的影响[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2016,32(11):75-80.Lu X F,Hao Z,Luo Z,et al.Effect of dopamine modified aramid on reinforced natural rubber composites[J].Polymer Materials Science & Engineering,2016,32(11):75-80.
[14] Vasanthan N,Kotek R,Jung D W,et al.Lewis acid-base complexation of polyamide 66 to control hydrogen bonding,extensibility and crystallinity[J].Polymer,2004,45:4077-4085.
[15] Li C,Zhen Q,Luo Z,et al.Effect of calcium chloride on the surface properties of Kevlar fiber[J].J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,2015,132:DOI:10.1002/app.41358.
[16] 吴卫东,许涛,哈德尔别克,等.芳纶短纤维与三元乙丙橡胶界面粘合水平评估研究[J].橡胶工业,2012,59(9):533-536.
[17] Payne A R,Whittaker R E,Smith J F.Effect of vulcanization on the low-strain dynamic properties of filled rubbers[J].J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,1972,16:1191-1212.
[18] Ashida M,Noguchi T,Mashimo S.Effect of matrix's type on the dynamic properties for short fiber-elastomer composite[J].J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,1985,30:1011-1021.
[19] 朱大勇,辜婷,郑强,等.CaCl2和多巴胺处理对芳纶纤维表面结构与性能的影响[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2017,33(10):29-33.Zhu D Y,Gu T,Zheng Q,et al.Effects of CaCl2 and dopamine treatment on surface structure and properties of aramid fiber[J].Polymer Materials Science & Engineering,2017,33(10):29-33.
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