计及电动汽车充电桩无功响应能力的电网节能降损控制方法
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摘要
提出计及电动汽车充电桩无功响应能力的电网节能降损控制方法。首先分析了充电桩作为无功源的特征以及无功调压原理,进而提出了考虑日前优化调度和日内优化修正的无功电压优化模型,日前优化调度利用传统并联电容器组和有载调压变压器以降低网损,日内正常运行时利用电动汽车充电桩无功支撑来降低网损。提出了基于无功电压灵敏度的时序递进的无功控制方案。最后,以含风电的IEEE30节点系统为算例验证了该节能降损控制方法的有效性。
Considering the reactive power response capability of electric vehicle chargers(EVCs),an energy-saving and loss-reduction control method is proposed for power grid. First,the characteristics of EVCs as reactive power andthe theory for volt-var control are analyzed. Then,a volt-var optimal control model is proposed by combining the day-ahead optimal scheduling and the optimal adjustment within a day,in which ordinary capacitor banks(CBs)and on-load tap changers(OLTCs)are adopted in the day-ahead optimal scheduling to realize a minimum power loss,whilethe reactive powers of EVCs are used to reduce the power loss within a day. Moreover,a reactive power control schemeis proposed based on the progression of time sequences of reactive voltage sensitivity. Finally,a modified IEEE 30-node system with wind power is utilized to validate the proposed method.
Considering the reactive power response capability of electric vehicle chargers(EVCs),an energy-saving and loss-reduction control method is proposed for power grid. First,the characteristics of EVCs as reactive power andthe theory for volt-var control are analyzed. Then,a volt-var optimal control model is proposed by combining the day-ahead optimal scheduling and the optimal adjustment within a day,in which ordinary capacitor banks(CBs)and on-load tap changers(OLTCs)are adopted in the day-ahead optimal scheduling to realize a minimum power loss,whilethe reactive powers of EVCs are used to reduce the power loss within a day. Moreover,a reactive power control schemeis proposed based on the progression of time sequences of reactive voltage sensitivity. Finally,a modified IEEE 30-node system with wind power is utilized to validate the proposed method.
引文
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[16]Kesler M,Kisacikoglu M C,Tolbert L M.Vehicle-to-grid reactive power operation using plug-in electric vehicle bidirectional offboard charger[J].IEEE Trans on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(12):6778-6784.
[17]郭康,徐玉琴,张丽,等(Guo Kang,Xu Yuqin,Zhang Li,et al).计及光伏电站随机出力的配电网无功优化(Reactive power optimization of distribution network considering PV station random output)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2012,40(10):53-58.
[18]宋明曙(Song Mingshu).电力系统无功优化分析(Analysis of Reactive Power Optimization in Power System)[D].济南:山东大学电气工程学院(Jinan:College of Electrical Engineering,Shandong University),2008.
[19]刘丹丹(Liu Dandan).基于改进粒子群算法的电力系统无功优化(Reactive Power Optimization in Electric Power System Based on Improved Particle Swarm Algorithm)[D].北京:华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院(Beijing:School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,North China Electric Power University),2011.
[20]El-Fouly T H M,El-Saadany E F,Salama M M A.One day ahead prediction of wind speed and direction[J].IEEE Trans on Energy Conversion,2008,23(1):191-201.
[21]United Kingdom Generic Distribution System(UKGDS).Typical load patterns,DG output data[R].Glasgow,UK:University of Strathclyde,2007.
[22]Senjyu T,Mandal P,Uezato K,et al.Next day load curve forecasting using hybrid correction method[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,2005,20(1):102-109.
[2]李培强,王继飞,唐捷,等(Li Peiqiang,Wang Jifei,Tang Jie,et al).基于模态分析的双馈机组对电压稳定性的影响(Study on static voltage stability of system including DFIGs based on modal analysis)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2016,28(4):18-24.
[3]王进,刘娇,陈加飞,等(Wang Jin,Liu Jiao,Chen Jiafei,et al).计及风电不确定性的配电网无功模糊优化(Research on reactive power fuzzy optimization of distribution network with wind turbines)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2015,27(6):8-13.
[4]戴欣,袁越,王敏,等(Dai Xin,Yuan Yue,Wang Min,et al).配网中电动汽车调度策略及其经济效益评估(Scheduling strategy and economic benefits evaluation of electric vehicles in distribution network)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2015,27(3):42-47.
[5]刘浩军(Liu Haojun).风电、光伏发电和电动汽车负荷协同控制的模型和方法(Cooperative control model and method of the regional wind farm,photovoltaic generation and electric vehicles)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2015,27(S):12-17.
[6]梁伟,靳小龙,穆云飞,等(Liang Wei,Jin Xiaolong,Mu Yunfei,et al).含微网及电动汽车的主动配电网供电恢复策略(Service restoration method to active distribution network with microgrids and electric vehicles)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2014,26(6):1-9.
[7]Mojdehi M N,Ghosh P.Modeling and revenue estimation of EV as reactive power service provider[C]//IEEE PES General Meeting.National Harbor,USA,2014.
[8]姚新丽(Yao Xinli).基于电动汽车换电站的D-STATCOM补偿系统的研究(The Research of the D-STATCOM Based on the EV Charging Station)[D].长沙:湖南大学电气与信息工程学院(Changsha:Institute of Electrical and Information Engineering,Hunan University),2012.
[9]Wang Mingshen,Mu Yunfei,Jia Hongjie,et al.A preventive control strategy for static voltage stability based on an efficient power plant model of electric vehicles[J].Journal of Modern Power System and Clean Energy,2015,3(1):103-113.
[10]刘文霞,张敏,张建华,等(Liu Wenxia,Zhang Min,Zhang Jianhua,et al).电动汽车负荷对配电网可靠性影响的量化分析(Reliability modeling and quantitative analysis of distribution network considering electric vehicle charging and discharging)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2013,25(4):1-6.
[11]Kisacikoglu M C,Ozpineci B,Tolbert L M.Effects of V2G reactive power compensation on the component selection in an EV or PHEV bidirectional charger[C]//IEEE Conference on Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.Atlanta,USA,2010:870-876.
[12]Kisacikoglu M C,Kesler M,Tolbert L M.Single-phase onboard bidirectional PEV charger for V2G reactive power operation[J].IEEE Trans on Smart Grid,2015,6(2):767-775.
[13]Yu Ting,Yao Xiuping,Wang Mingshen,et al.A reactive power evaluation model for EV chargers considering travelling behaviors[C]//IEEE Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation.Restructuring and Power Technologies.Changsha,China,2015:2646-2651.
[14]李钟煦,刘玉田(Li Zhongxu,Liu Yutian).一种地区电网分布式无功优化方法(Distributed reactive power optimization for area power system)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2005,17(2):80-83.
[15]Rabiee A,Parniani M.Voltage security constrained multiperiod optimal reactive power flow using Benders and optimality condition decompositions[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,2013,28(2):696-708.
[16]Kesler M,Kisacikoglu M C,Tolbert L M.Vehicle-to-grid reactive power operation using plug-in electric vehicle bidirectional offboard charger[J].IEEE Trans on Industrial Electronics,2014,61(12):6778-6784.
[17]郭康,徐玉琴,张丽,等(Guo Kang,Xu Yuqin,Zhang Li,et al).计及光伏电站随机出力的配电网无功优化(Reactive power optimization of distribution network considering PV station random output)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2012,40(10):53-58.
[18]宋明曙(Song Mingshu).电力系统无功优化分析(Analysis of Reactive Power Optimization in Power System)[D].济南:山东大学电气工程学院(Jinan:College of Electrical Engineering,Shandong University),2008.
[19]刘丹丹(Liu Dandan).基于改进粒子群算法的电力系统无功优化(Reactive Power Optimization in Electric Power System Based on Improved Particle Swarm Algorithm)[D].北京:华北电力大学电气与电子工程学院(Beijing:School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,North China Electric Power University),2011.
[20]El-Fouly T H M,El-Saadany E F,Salama M M A.One day ahead prediction of wind speed and direction[J].IEEE Trans on Energy Conversion,2008,23(1):191-201.
[21]United Kingdom Generic Distribution System(UKGDS).Typical load patterns,DG output data[R].Glasgow,UK:University of Strathclyde,2007.
[22]Senjyu T,Mandal P,Uezato K,et al.Next day load curve forecasting using hybrid correction method[J].IEEE Trans on Power Systems,2005,20(1):102-109.