发酵桑叶对新晃黄牛生长性能、血液生化指标、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响
|
摘要
在饲料中添加不同水平发酵桑叶,考察桑叶对新晃育肥黄牛生长性能、血液生化指标、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响。选取25头22～26月龄、初始体质量(229.41±12.32)kg健康无病的新晃黄牛,随机分为5组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,4个试验组分别在对照组日粮基础上添加质量分数分别为10%、20%、30%和35%的发酵桑叶,替代部分玉米秸秆、豆粕及酒糟等。结果表明,饲料中添加发酵桑叶对新晃黄牛日增体质量、日干物质采食量和料肉比均无显著影响(P>0.05);与对照组相比,饲料中添加30%发酵桑叶可显著提高新晃黄牛眼肌面积且肌肉剪切力显著降低(P<0.05);饲料中添加发酵桑叶对新晃黄牛脂质代谢无显著影响(P>0.05);饲料中添加发酵桑叶可改善新晃黄牛抗氧化能力。综上所述,在饲料中添加30%发酵桑叶饲喂新晃黄牛,对其生长性能和脂质代谢无显著影响,但肉品质和机体免疫能力得到改善。
The effects of mulberry leaf on growth performance,slaughter performance,blood biochemical indices and meat quality of Xinhuang yellow cattle in the fattening period were investigated by adding fermented mulberry leaf at different levels to diet. Twenty-five healthy Xinhuang yellow cattles aged from 22 to 26 months and weighted( 229. 41 ±12. 32) kg were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups. The control group was fed on basal diet,and 4 experimental groups were fed on basal diet adding 10%,20%,30% and 35% fermented mulberry leaf respectively,replacing part of corn straw,soybean meal and distilled grains,etc. Results showed that the addition of fermented mulberry leaf had no significant effect on the daily weight gain,daily dry matter intake and feed conversion ratio of Xinhuang yellow cattle( P > 0. 05). Compared with the control group,adding 30% fermented mulberry leaf in diet could significantly increase the loin eye area of Xinhuang yellow cattle and reduce the muscle shear force significantly( P<0. 05). Addition of fermented mulberry leaf had no significant effect on lipid metabolism in Xinhuang yellow cattle( P>0. 05). Adding fermented mulberry leaf could improve the antioxidant capacity of Xinhuang yellow cattle. In conclusion,adding 30% fermented mulberry leaf to diet of Xinhuang yellow cattle had no significant effect on the growth performance and lipid metabolism,but could improve meat quality and immunity of cattle.
The effects of mulberry leaf on growth performance,slaughter performance,blood biochemical indices and meat quality of Xinhuang yellow cattle in the fattening period were investigated by adding fermented mulberry leaf at different levels to diet. Twenty-five healthy Xinhuang yellow cattles aged from 22 to 26 months and weighted( 229. 41 ±12. 32) kg were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups. The control group was fed on basal diet,and 4 experimental groups were fed on basal diet adding 10%,20%,30% and 35% fermented mulberry leaf respectively,replacing part of corn straw,soybean meal and distilled grains,etc. Results showed that the addition of fermented mulberry leaf had no significant effect on the daily weight gain,daily dry matter intake and feed conversion ratio of Xinhuang yellow cattle( P > 0. 05). Compared with the control group,adding 30% fermented mulberry leaf in diet could significantly increase the loin eye area of Xinhuang yellow cattle and reduce the muscle shear force significantly( P<0. 05). Addition of fermented mulberry leaf had no significant effect on lipid metabolism in Xinhuang yellow cattle( P>0. 05). Adding fermented mulberry leaf could improve the antioxidant capacity of Xinhuang yellow cattle. In conclusion,adding 30% fermented mulberry leaf to diet of Xinhuang yellow cattle had no significant effect on the growth performance and lipid metabolism,but could improve meat quality and immunity of cattle.
引文
[1] 黄先智.我国蚕桑产业转型问题研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2013
[2] 王雯熙,杨红建,薄玉琨,等.不同品种桑叶营养成分分析与代谢能值评定研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2012,48(3):41-45
[3] 王芳,乔璐,张庆庆,等.桑叶蛋白氨基酸组成分析及营养价值评价[J].食品科学,2015,36(1):225-228
[4] NAOWABOOT J,PANNANGPETCH P,KUKONGVIRIYAPAN V,et al.Antihyperglycemic,antioxidant and antiglycation activities of mulberry leaf extract in streptozotocin-induced chronic diabetic rats[J].Plant Food Hum Nutr,2009,64(2):116-121
[5] KIM G N,JANG H D.Flavonol content in the water extract of the mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf and their antioxidant capacities[J].J Food Sci,2011,76(6):869-873
[6] 郭建军,李晓滨,齐雪梅,等.饲料中添加桑叶对育肥牛增重的影响[J].当代畜牧,2010(9):31-32
[7] 周贵.畜禽生产学实验教程[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2006:57-59
[8] 院东.添喂陈皮、酸甜剂、丙谷胺对荷斯坦奶牛采食量、产奶量、乳成分及血清生化指标的影响[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2015
[9] 冯兴龙,赵春平,焦锋,等.不同粗饲料对秦川肉牛生长发育及血液生化指标的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2016,44(9):10-16
[10] 刘爱君,李素霞,房金武,等.添加鲜桑叶对肉牛增重效果的观察[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会.中国畜牧兽医学会2009学术年会论文集(下册).石家庄:中国畜牧兽医学会,2009:1
[11] TAN N D,WANAPAT M,URIYAPONGSON S,et al.Enhancing mulberry leaf meal with urea by pelleting to improve rumen fermentation in cattle[J].Asian-Aust J Anim Sci,2012,25(4):452-461
[12] 肖玉琪,张有法,杨若飞,等.绵羊眼肌面积近似计算公式法初探[J].中国草食动物,2003(增刊1):117-118
[13] 李伟玲.桑叶对肉羊生产性能、血液生化指标、免疫抗氧化功能和肉品质的影响[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2012
[14] 贾亚洲,宜光辉,王国军,等.桑叶饲料对绒山羊羯羊生产性能及肉品质的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2017,38(11):27-31
[15] 李冠楠,夏雪娟,赵欢欢,等.桑叶提取物泡腾片制备工艺及其抗氧化活性研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(4):132-137
[16] CHEONG S H,KIM K H,JEON B T,et al.Effect of mulberry silage supplementation during late fattening stage of Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) steer on antioxidative enzyme activity within the longissimus muscle[J].Anim Prod Sci,2012,52(4):240-247
[17] KIM J Y,CHOI B G,JUNG M J,et al.Mulberry leaf water extract ameliorates insulin sensitivity in high fat or high sucrose diet induced overweight rats[J].J Korean Soc Appl Biol Chem,2011,54 (4):612-618
[18] 丁鹏,李霞,丁亚南,等.发酵饲料桑粉对宁乡花猪生长性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(5):1950-1957
[19] 吴配全,任丽萍,周振明,等.饲喂发酵桑叶对生长育肥牛生长性能、血液生化指标及经济效益的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011,47(23):43-46
[2] 王雯熙,杨红建,薄玉琨,等.不同品种桑叶营养成分分析与代谢能值评定研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2012,48(3):41-45
[3] 王芳,乔璐,张庆庆,等.桑叶蛋白氨基酸组成分析及营养价值评价[J].食品科学,2015,36(1):225-228
[4] NAOWABOOT J,PANNANGPETCH P,KUKONGVIRIYAPAN V,et al.Antihyperglycemic,antioxidant and antiglycation activities of mulberry leaf extract in streptozotocin-induced chronic diabetic rats[J].Plant Food Hum Nutr,2009,64(2):116-121
[5] KIM G N,JANG H D.Flavonol content in the water extract of the mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf and their antioxidant capacities[J].J Food Sci,2011,76(6):869-873
[6] 郭建军,李晓滨,齐雪梅,等.饲料中添加桑叶对育肥牛增重的影响[J].当代畜牧,2010(9):31-32
[7] 周贵.畜禽生产学实验教程[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2006:57-59
[8] 院东.添喂陈皮、酸甜剂、丙谷胺对荷斯坦奶牛采食量、产奶量、乳成分及血清生化指标的影响[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2015
[9] 冯兴龙,赵春平,焦锋,等.不同粗饲料对秦川肉牛生长发育及血液生化指标的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2016,44(9):10-16
[10] 刘爱君,李素霞,房金武,等.添加鲜桑叶对肉牛增重效果的观察[C]//中国畜牧兽医学会.中国畜牧兽医学会2009学术年会论文集(下册).石家庄:中国畜牧兽医学会,2009:1
[11] TAN N D,WANAPAT M,URIYAPONGSON S,et al.Enhancing mulberry leaf meal with urea by pelleting to improve rumen fermentation in cattle[J].Asian-Aust J Anim Sci,2012,25(4):452-461
[12] 肖玉琪,张有法,杨若飞,等.绵羊眼肌面积近似计算公式法初探[J].中国草食动物,2003(增刊1):117-118
[13] 李伟玲.桑叶对肉羊生产性能、血液生化指标、免疫抗氧化功能和肉品质的影响[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2012
[14] 贾亚洲,宜光辉,王国军,等.桑叶饲料对绒山羊羯羊生产性能及肉品质的影响[J].家畜生态学报,2017,38(11):27-31
[15] 李冠楠,夏雪娟,赵欢欢,等.桑叶提取物泡腾片制备工艺及其抗氧化活性研究[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,37(4):132-137
[16] CHEONG S H,KIM K H,JEON B T,et al.Effect of mulberry silage supplementation during late fattening stage of Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) steer on antioxidative enzyme activity within the longissimus muscle[J].Anim Prod Sci,2012,52(4):240-247
[17] KIM J Y,CHOI B G,JUNG M J,et al.Mulberry leaf water extract ameliorates insulin sensitivity in high fat or high sucrose diet induced overweight rats[J].J Korean Soc Appl Biol Chem,2011,54 (4):612-618
[18] 丁鹏,李霞,丁亚南,等.发酵饲料桑粉对宁乡花猪生长性能、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2018,30(5):1950-1957
[19] 吴配全,任丽萍,周振明,等.饲喂发酵桑叶对生长育肥牛生长性能、血液生化指标及经济效益的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011,47(23):43-46