合成孔径雷达遥感地质应用综述
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摘要
合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture Radar,SAR)凭借其全天时、全天候的对地观测能力以及独特的穿透成像特性,在热带雨林及沙漠等典型覆盖地区遥感地质调查中得到了广泛应用。通过阐述地质体微波散射机理,详细总结了SAR在地质考古、岩性识别、地质构造探测和矿产勘查等应用领域的国内外研究进展;介绍了多源影像融合技术在国内外雷达地质调查中的应用情况,并结合项目实例对其重要作用进行了分析。虽然雷达技术受影像自身特点、处理技术以及数据源等问题的制约,在国内地质调查中的应用水平依然较低,但随着软硬件技术的发展,雷达遥感技术在国内地质应用中的作用也将愈发重要。
Synthetic aperture Radar( SAR) is widely used in tropical rainforest and desert areas remote sensing geological survey by virtue of its all-day and all-weather earth observation capability and unique penetrating imaging characteristics. In this paper, the geological bodies microwave scattering mechanism which is the theoretical basis of the SAR geological application is expounded. This paper summarizes the domestic and foreign applications of SAR in geological archeology,mineral exploration,lithology and geological structure identification,reports the research progress of multi-source image fusion technology in Radar geology applications,and explains its important function in combination with practical project examples. Constrained by image characteristics,processing technology and data sources,the domestic SAR geological application remains at a very low level. With the development of hardware and software technology,the Radar remote sensing technology will become more and more important in domestic geological applications.
Synthetic aperture Radar( SAR) is widely used in tropical rainforest and desert areas remote sensing geological survey by virtue of its all-day and all-weather earth observation capability and unique penetrating imaging characteristics. In this paper, the geological bodies microwave scattering mechanism which is the theoretical basis of the SAR geological application is expounded. This paper summarizes the domestic and foreign applications of SAR in geological archeology,mineral exploration,lithology and geological structure identification,reports the research progress of multi-source image fusion technology in Radar geology applications,and explains its important function in combination with practical project examples. Constrained by image characteristics,processing technology and data sources,the domestic SAR geological application remains at a very low level. With the development of hardware and software technology,the Radar remote sensing technology will become more and more important in domestic geological applications.
引文
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[13]王翠珍,郭华东.极化雷达目标分解方法用于岩性分类[J].遥感学报,2000,4(3):219-223.Wang C Z,Guo H D.Lithological classification of polarimetric SAR data with target decomposition method[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,2000,4(3):219-223.
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[15]Hoekstra P,Delaney A.Dielectric properties of soils at UHF and microwave frequencies[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1974,79(11):1699-1708.
[16]Roth L E,Elachi C.Coherent electromagnetic losses by scattering from volume inhomogeneities[J].IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation,1975,23(5):674-675.
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[18]Berlin G L,Tarabzouni M A,Al-Naser A H,et al.SIR-B subsurface imaging of a sand-buried landscape:Al Labbah Plateau,Saudi Arabia[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,1986,GE-24(4):595-602.
[19]陈富龙.雷达遥感考古机理、应用与展望[J].遥感技术与应用,2015,30(5):835-841.Chen F L.Principle,application and prospects of synthetic aperture Radar(SAR)remote sensing in archaeology[J].Remote Sensing Technology and Application,2015,30(5):835-841.
[20]Adams R E W,Brown Jr W E,Culbert T P.Radar mapping,archeology,and ancient Maya land use[J].Science,1981,213(4515):1457-1468.
[21]Schaber G G,Mc Cauley J F,Breed C S.The use of multifrequency and polarimetric SIR-C/X-SAR data in geologic studies of Bir Safsaf,Egypt[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,1997,59(2):337-363.
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[23]Paillou P,Lopez S,Farr T,et al.Mapping subsurface geology in sahara using L-band SAR:First results from the ALOS/PALSAR imaging Radar[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing,2010,3(4):632-636.
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[25]Patruno J,Dore N,Crespi M,et al.Polarimetric multifrequency and multi-incidence SAR sensors analysis for archaeological purposes[J].Archaeological Prospection,2013,20(2):89-96.
[26]Dore N,Patruno J,Pottier E,et al.New research in polarimetric SAR technique for archaeological purposes using ALOS PALSAR data[J].Archaeological Prospection,2013,20(2):79-87.
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[29]郭华东.航天多波段全极化干涉雷达的地物探测[J].遥感学报,1997,1(1):32-39.Guo H D.Spaceborne multifrequency,polarametric and interferometric Radar for detection of the targets on earth surface and subsurface[J].Journal of Remote Sensing,1997,1(1):32-39.
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[31]Guo H D,Liu H,Wang X Y,et al.Subsurface old drainage detection and paleoenvironment analysis using spaceborne Radar images in Alxa Plateau[J].Science in China Series D(Earth Sciences),2000,43(4):439-448.
[32]Mackenzie J S,Ringrose P S.Use of SEASAT SAR imagery for geological mapping in a volcanic terrain:Askja Caldera,Iceland[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,1986,7(2):181-194.
[33]Dierking W,Haack H.L-band polarimetric SAR-signatures of lava flows in the Northern Volcanic Zone,Iceland[C]//IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium Proceedings.Seattle,WA,USA:IEEE,1998,3:1339-1341.
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