脆硫铅锑矿冶炼工艺研发进展综述
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摘要
脆硫铅锑矿是一种多金属复合硫化矿,一般的选矿技术很难将铅锑分离,常采用冶炼技术使其分离。自20世纪60年代以来,冶金工作者先后研发了多种工艺对铅锑进行分离,其中火法、氯化水解法和硫化钠浸出法等工艺投入了生产使用。随着冶炼技术的迅速发展,现有冶炼工艺不能满足当前需求,其局限性逐步显现。简述了脆硫铅锑矿的主要特点,针对氯化水解法、硫化钠浸出法和火法冶炼脆硫铅锑矿的工艺特点及存在问题,提出富氧强化熔炼法冶炼单铅矿及脆硫铅锑矿与单铅矿混合冶炼的最新工艺,指出今后应加强富氧强化熔炼工艺单独处理脆硫铅锑矿的研发力度。
Jamesonite is a kind of metal composite sulfide ore,and it is difficult to separate lead-antimony applying currently processing technology,instead,smelting technology is generally used for lead antimony separation.Since the 1960 s,metallurgical researchers have developed a variety of crafts to separation of lead antimony,such as smelting,chlorization hydrolysis and sodium sulfide leaching method,etc.However,with the rapid development of smelting technology,the existing technologies can't meet today's development and the limitations gradually.In this review,we summarized the main characters of the jamesonite,then process characteristics and the existing problems of the mentioned methods were briefly addressed.Moreover,we analyzed the limitation of sulfur lead antimony smelting process,meanwhile,the oxygen-enriched strengthening smelting method of smelting single lead or single lead as well as brittle mixed lead antimony smelting sulfur latest technology were introduced.In addition,we mentioned that oxygen-enriched strengthening smelting process should be strengthened in the future.
Jamesonite is a kind of metal composite sulfide ore,and it is difficult to separate lead-antimony applying currently processing technology,instead,smelting technology is generally used for lead antimony separation.Since the 1960 s,metallurgical researchers have developed a variety of crafts to separation of lead antimony,such as smelting,chlorization hydrolysis and sodium sulfide leaching method,etc.However,with the rapid development of smelting technology,the existing technologies can't meet today's development and the limitations gradually.In this review,we summarized the main characters of the jamesonite,then process characteristics and the existing problems of the mentioned methods were briefly addressed.Moreover,we analyzed the limitation of sulfur lead antimony smelting process,meanwhile,the oxygen-enriched strengthening smelting method of smelting single lead or single lead as well as brittle mixed lead antimony smelting sulfur latest technology were introduced.In addition,we mentioned that oxygen-enriched strengthening smelting process should be strengthened in the future.
引文
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[15]李亮,刘大春,杨斌,等.含银铅锑多元合金真空蒸馏的元素挥发行为[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2012,43(7):2489-2494.
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[18]杨双欢.SKS氧气底吹炉炼铅过程的热力学分析与节能研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2010.
[19]蒋爱华,梅炽,时章明,等.SKS炼铅鼓风炉的能量分析和火用分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,38(6):38-42.
[20]陈寒秋.水口山八厂氧气底吹炼铅系统关键设备运行总结[J].中国有色冶金,2011,(4):34-38.
[21]汪金良,吴艳新,张文海.铅冶炼技术的发展现状及旋涡闪速炼铅工艺[J].有色金属科学与工程,2011,2(1):14-18.
[22]刘庆华.旋涡柱连续炼铅工艺原理及设计探讨[J].有色冶金设计与研究,2011,32(1):4-8.
[23]刘庆华,姚素平,文华.旋涡柱精矿喷嘴冷态试验研究[J].有色冶金设计与研究,2013,34(6):14-17.
[24]姚素平.旋涡柱连续炼铅工艺的特点及产业化应用[J].中国有色冶金,2010,(4):17-19.
[2]冉俊铭,史文革,郑燕琼.脆硫铅锑矿生产精铅工艺研究[J].湖南有色金属,2004,20(2):15-16.
[3]徐养良,华一新.脆硫铅锑矿铅锑分离新工艺研究[J].中国有色冶金,2005,(5):44-46.
[4]唐朝波,唐谟堂,姚维义,等.脆硫铅锑矿精矿的还原造锍熔炼[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2003,34(5):502-505.
[5]柯剑华,郭旦奇,覃用宁,等.脆硫铅锑矿中Pb-Sb预分离新工艺研究[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2014,(7):4-7.
[6]熊恒,杨武,董朝望,等.真空冶金法处理脆硫铅锑矿分离铅锑的新工艺研究[J].真空科学与技术学报,2014,34(8):870-875.
[7]谢兆凤,杨天足,刘伟锋,等.脆硫铅锑矿无污染冶炼工艺研究[J].矿冶工程,2009,29(4):80-84.
[8]吕勇明.脆硫铅锑矿生产精锑的工艺总结[J].有色金属:冶炼部分,2001,(2):23-26.
[9]Margulis E V.Low temperature smelting of lead metallic scrap[J].Erzmetall,2000,53(2):85-89.
[10]谢兆凤,杨天足,刘伟锋,等.脆硫铅锑矿碱性熔炼渣的综合利用工艺研究[J].矿冶工程,2010,30(3):77-81.
[11]冉俊铭,黄世弘,易健宏,等.脆硫铅锑矿冶炼工艺现状及展望[J].湖南有色金属,2008,24(2):35-38.
[12]陈波.大丁铅锌分离浮选氰化钠抑制机理研究及新药剂的开发[D].南宁:广西大学,2005.
[13]黄水鹏.铅锑锌硫化矿高浓度与电位调控浮选的研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2014.
[14]朱福良.铅锑复杂硫化矿铅锑分离的理论及新工艺研究[D].昆明:昆明理工大学,2003.
[15]李亮,刘大春,杨斌,等.含银铅锑多元合金真空蒸馏的元素挥发行为[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2012,43(7):2489-2494.
[16]张尊.高碳脆硫锑铅锌矿浮选新工艺研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2007.
[17]陈兵.SKS法铅冶炼鼓风炉炉压控制系统研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2012.
[18]杨双欢.SKS氧气底吹炉炼铅过程的热力学分析与节能研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2010.
[19]蒋爱华,梅炽,时章明,等.SKS炼铅鼓风炉的能量分析和火用分析[J].湖南大学学报:自然科学版,2011,38(6):38-42.
[20]陈寒秋.水口山八厂氧气底吹炼铅系统关键设备运行总结[J].中国有色冶金,2011,(4):34-38.
[21]汪金良,吴艳新,张文海.铅冶炼技术的发展现状及旋涡闪速炼铅工艺[J].有色金属科学与工程,2011,2(1):14-18.
[22]刘庆华.旋涡柱连续炼铅工艺原理及设计探讨[J].有色冶金设计与研究,2011,32(1):4-8.
[23]刘庆华,姚素平,文华.旋涡柱精矿喷嘴冷态试验研究[J].有色冶金设计与研究,2013,34(6):14-17.
[24]姚素平.旋涡柱连续炼铅工艺的特点及产业化应用[J].中国有色冶金,2010,(4):17-19.