硬粒小麦抗倒性研究
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摘要
为给硬粒小麦抗倒育种和栽培提供参考,以9份高产型硬粒小麦品种为材料,研究了节间形态及其与抗倒性的关系。结果表明,节间壁厚、髓腔直径及实心度与硬粒小麦的倒伏率密切相关,实际倒伏率与节间壁厚及实心度呈极显著负相关,与髓腔直径呈极显著正相关。基部第2节间的健壮程度与倒伏的关系最为密切。在硬粒小麦抗倒伏育种中应着重提高基部第2节间的质量,选择茎粗适中、实心度较高的类型,提高抗折力,改良抗倒伏能力。品种倒伏指数可作为硬粒小麦抗倒伏性能的评价指标。
In order to provide reference for Triticum durum breeding and cultivation with high lodging resistance,nine Triticum durumvarieties were used to investigate the relationship between lodging resistance and internode structure characteristics.The results showed that culm wall thickness,pith diameter,the rate of culm wall thickness to internode radius had close relationship with lodging percentage of Triticum durum.Significantly negative correlation existed between culm wall thickness and the rate of culm wall thickness to internode radius with lodging percentage.Moreover,pith diameter had a significantly positive correlation with lodging percentage.Correlation analysis showed that lodging percentage had the closest relationship with the characteristics of second stem.The key to improve lodging resistance of Triticum durum was to improve internode quality of second stem.In order to improve the lodging resistance of Triticum durum,we should choose the type with higher stem diameter and smaller pith diameter.Variety lodging index can be served as the identification index for Triticum durumlodging resistance.
In order to provide reference for Triticum durum breeding and cultivation with high lodging resistance,nine Triticum durumvarieties were used to investigate the relationship between lodging resistance and internode structure characteristics.The results showed that culm wall thickness,pith diameter,the rate of culm wall thickness to internode radius had close relationship with lodging percentage of Triticum durum.Significantly negative correlation existed between culm wall thickness and the rate of culm wall thickness to internode radius with lodging percentage.Moreover,pith diameter had a significantly positive correlation with lodging percentage.Correlation analysis showed that lodging percentage had the closest relationship with the characteristics of second stem.The key to improve lodging resistance of Triticum durum was to improve internode quality of second stem.In order to improve the lodging resistance of Triticum durum,we should choose the type with higher stem diameter and smaller pith diameter.Variety lodging index can be served as the identification index for Triticum durumlodging resistance.
引文
[1]李国辉,钟旭华,田卡,等.施氮对水稻茎秆抗倒伏能力的影响及其形态和力学机理[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(7):1323.LI G H,ZHONG X H,TIAN K,et al.Effect of nitrogen application on stem lodging resistance of rice and its morphological and mechanical mechanisms[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2013,46(7):1323.
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[7]潘婷,胡文静,李东升,等.小麦茎秆实心度对茎秆强度的影响及相关性状QTL分析[J].作物学报,2017,43(1):9.PAN T,HU W J,LI D S,et al.Influence of stem solidness on stem strength and stem solidness associated QTLs bread wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2017,43(1):9.
[8]胡昊,李莎莎,华慧,等.不同小麦品种主茎茎秆形态结构特征及其与倒伏的关系[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(10):1343.HU H,LI S S,HUA H,et al.Research on stalk morphological structure characteristics its relationship between with the lodging of different wheat varieties[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2017,37(10):1343.
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[10]冯素伟,李淦,胡铁柱,等.不同小麦品种茎秆抗倒性的研究[J].麦类作物学报,2012,32(6):1055.FENG S W,LI G,HU T Z,et al.Study on the stem lodging resistance of different wheat varieties[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2012,32(6):105.
[11]梁玉超,张永强,石书兵,等.施氮量对滴灌冬小麦茎部特征及其抗倒伏性的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(11):1467.LIANG Y C,ZHANG Y Q,SHI S B,et al.Effect of nitrogen fertilizer rate on stem morphology characteristics and lodging resistance in winter wheat with drip irrigation[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2017,37(11):1467.
[12]孟令志,买春艳,于立强,等.黄淮冬麦区部分小麦品种(系)抗倒伏相关性状分析[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(7):888.MENG L Z,MAI C Y,YU L Q,et al.Analysis of lodging associated traits on some wheat cultivars and breeding lines in the Yellow Huai River valley winter wheat zone[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2016,36(7):888.
[13]王勇,李晴祺,李朝恒,等.小麦品种茎秆的质量及解剖学研究[J].作物学报,1998,24(4):452.WANG Y,LI Q Q,LI C H,et al.Studies on the culm quality and anatomy of wheat varieties[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,1998,24(4):452.
[14]王丹,丁位华,冯素伟,等.不同小麦品种茎秆特性及其与抗倒性的关系[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(5):1496.WANG D,DING W H,FENG S W,et al.Stem characteristics of different wheat varieties and its relationship with lodging resistance[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(5):1496.
[15]魏凤珍,李金才,王成雨,等.氮肥运筹模式对小麦茎秆抗倒性能的影响[J].作物学报,2008,34(6):1080.WEN F Z,LI J C,WANG C Y,et al.Effects of nitrogenous fertilizer application model on culm lodging resistance in winter wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2008,34(6):1080.
[16]卢昆丽,尹燕枰,王振林,等.施氮期对小麦茎秆木质素合成的影响及其抗倒伏生理机制[J].作物学报,2014,40(9):1686.LU K L,YIN Y P,WANG Z L,et al.Effect of nitrogen fertilization timing on lignin synthesis of stem and physiological mechanism of lodging resistance in wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2014,40(9):1686.
[17]陈晓光,史春余,尹燕枰,等.小麦茎秆木质素代谢及其与抗倒性的关系[J].作物学报,2011,37(9):161.CHEN X C,SHI C Y,YIN Y P,et al.Relationship between lignin metabolism and lodging resistance in wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2011,37(9):1616.
[18]KELBERT A J,SPANER D,BRIGGS K G,et al.The association of culm anatomy with lodging susceptibility in modern spring wheat genotypes[J].Euphytica,2004,136:211.
[19]CROOK M J,ENNOS A R.Stem and root characteristics associated with lodging resistance in four winter cultivars[J].The Journal of Agricultural Science,1994,123:167.
[20]NAVABI A,IQBAL M,STRENZKE K,et al.The relationship between lodging and plant height in a diverse wheat population[J].Canadian Journal of Plant Science,2006,86:723.
[21]贾小平,董普辉,张红晓,等.谷子抗倒伏性和株高、穗部性状的相关性研究[J].植株遗传资源学报,2015,16(6):1188.JIA X P,DONG P H,ZHANG H X,et al.Correlation study of lodging resistance and plant height,panticle traits in foxtail millet[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2015,16(6):1188.
[2]王勇,李斯深,李安飞,等.小麦种质抗倒性的评价和抗倒性状的相关与通径分析[J].西北植物学报,2000,20(1):79.WANG Y,LI S S,LI A F,et al.Evaluation of lodging resistance and relation and path analysis of lodging resistance traits in wheat[J].Acta Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2000,20(1):79.
[3]陈晓光,王振林,彭佃亮,等.种植密度与喷施多效唑对冬小麦抗倒伏能力和产量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(6):1465.CHEN X G,WANG Z L,PENG D L,et al.Effects of planting density and spraying PP333on winter wheat lodging resistance and grain yield[J].Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,22(6):1465.
[4]李金才,尹钧,魏凤珍.播种密度对冬小麦茎秆形态特征和抗倒指数的影响[J].作物学报,2005,31(5):662.LI J C,YIN J,WEI F Z.Effects of planting density on characters of culm and culm lodging resistant index in winter wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2005,31(5):662.
[5]姚金保,马鸿翔,姚国才,等.小麦抗倒性研究进展[J].植物遗传资源学报,2013,14(2):208.YAO J B,MA H X,YAO G C,et al.Research progress on lodging resistance in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2013,14(2):208.
[6]张福彦,尚晓丽,吴培培,等.硬粒小麦品种Lpx-B1位点等位变异的分子鉴定及其脂肪氧化酶活性[J].作物学报,2014,40(8):1364.ZHANG F Y,SHANG X L,WU P P,et al.Molecular identification of alleles on Lpx-B1locus and lipoxygenase activity in durum wheat(Triticum turgidum L.)[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2014,40(8):1364.
[7]潘婷,胡文静,李东升,等.小麦茎秆实心度对茎秆强度的影响及相关性状QTL分析[J].作物学报,2017,43(1):9.PAN T,HU W J,LI D S,et al.Influence of stem solidness on stem strength and stem solidness associated QTLs bread wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2017,43(1):9.
[8]胡昊,李莎莎,华慧,等.不同小麦品种主茎茎秆形态结构特征及其与倒伏的关系[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(10):1343.HU H,LI S S,HUA H,et al.Research on stalk morphological structure characteristics its relationship between with the lodging of different wheat varieties[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2017,37(10):1343.
[9]王勇,李朝恒.小麦品种抗倒性的研究进展[J].山东农业大学学报(自然科学版),1996,27(4):503.WANG Y,LI C H.Advances in the study of wheat lodging resistance[J].Journal Shandong Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition),1996,27(4):5035.
[10]冯素伟,李淦,胡铁柱,等.不同小麦品种茎秆抗倒性的研究[J].麦类作物学报,2012,32(6):1055.FENG S W,LI G,HU T Z,et al.Study on the stem lodging resistance of different wheat varieties[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2012,32(6):105.
[11]梁玉超,张永强,石书兵,等.施氮量对滴灌冬小麦茎部特征及其抗倒伏性的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2017,37(11):1467.LIANG Y C,ZHANG Y Q,SHI S B,et al.Effect of nitrogen fertilizer rate on stem morphology characteristics and lodging resistance in winter wheat with drip irrigation[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2017,37(11):1467.
[12]孟令志,买春艳,于立强,等.黄淮冬麦区部分小麦品种(系)抗倒伏相关性状分析[J].麦类作物学报,2016,36(7):888.MENG L Z,MAI C Y,YU L Q,et al.Analysis of lodging associated traits on some wheat cultivars and breeding lines in the Yellow Huai River valley winter wheat zone[J].Journal of Triticeae Crops,2016,36(7):888.
[13]王勇,李晴祺,李朝恒,等.小麦品种茎秆的质量及解剖学研究[J].作物学报,1998,24(4):452.WANG Y,LI Q Q,LI C H,et al.Studies on the culm quality and anatomy of wheat varieties[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,1998,24(4):452.
[14]王丹,丁位华,冯素伟,等.不同小麦品种茎秆特性及其与抗倒性的关系[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(5):1496.WANG D,DING W H,FENG S W,et al.Stem characteristics of different wheat varieties and its relationship with lodging resistance[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2016,27(5):1496.
[15]魏凤珍,李金才,王成雨,等.氮肥运筹模式对小麦茎秆抗倒性能的影响[J].作物学报,2008,34(6):1080.WEN F Z,LI J C,WANG C Y,et al.Effects of nitrogenous fertilizer application model on culm lodging resistance in winter wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2008,34(6):1080.
[16]卢昆丽,尹燕枰,王振林,等.施氮期对小麦茎秆木质素合成的影响及其抗倒伏生理机制[J].作物学报,2014,40(9):1686.LU K L,YIN Y P,WANG Z L,et al.Effect of nitrogen fertilization timing on lignin synthesis of stem and physiological mechanism of lodging resistance in wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2014,40(9):1686.
[17]陈晓光,史春余,尹燕枰,等.小麦茎秆木质素代谢及其与抗倒性的关系[J].作物学报,2011,37(9):161.CHEN X C,SHI C Y,YIN Y P,et al.Relationship between lignin metabolism and lodging resistance in wheat[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2011,37(9):1616.
[18]KELBERT A J,SPANER D,BRIGGS K G,et al.The association of culm anatomy with lodging susceptibility in modern spring wheat genotypes[J].Euphytica,2004,136:211.
[19]CROOK M J,ENNOS A R.Stem and root characteristics associated with lodging resistance in four winter cultivars[J].The Journal of Agricultural Science,1994,123:167.
[20]NAVABI A,IQBAL M,STRENZKE K,et al.The relationship between lodging and plant height in a diverse wheat population[J].Canadian Journal of Plant Science,2006,86:723.
[21]贾小平,董普辉,张红晓,等.谷子抗倒伏性和株高、穗部性状的相关性研究[J].植株遗传资源学报,2015,16(6):1188.JIA X P,DONG P H,ZHANG H X,et al.Correlation study of lodging resistance and plant height,panticle traits in foxtail millet[J].Journal of Plant Genetic Resources,2015,16(6):1188.