北大别造山后伸展期中-下地壳流动形式数值模拟研究
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摘要
造山后伸展过程中,深部地壳的变形形式反映深部岩石圈的构造活动方式,是造山后伸展深部动力学研究的主要内容。本次工作以大别造山带造山后伸展变形构造为研究对象,在详细的构造观察和组构分析基础上,以实际变形组构为约束开展数值模拟,系统地研究伸展变形构造在垂向剖面上岩石变形机制的空间分布,进而揭示大别造山带造山后伸展过程中深部地壳的变形形式。野外观察表明,北大别穹隆边缘区域拉伸线理优选方位显著,而到穹隆中部拉伸线理定向性减弱,再到穹隆核部线理定向性有所增强。运动学上,北大别穹隆内呈现了一致的上盘向NW的剪切指向。以此为约束的数值模拟研究表明,大别造山带造山后伸展期中-下地壳流动方式总体上是介于透入性简单剪切形式与纯剪切形式之间的组合形式;垂直剖面上呈现为由上、下边界向中心简单剪切分量显著降低,中-下地壳流变带中部以纯剪切变形为主。我们用造山带加厚地壳的韧性垮塌和深俯冲的太平洋板块"后撤"来解释其动力学来源。
The deformation style of the deep crust during the post-orogenic extension can reflect the tectonic activities of deep lithosphere, and should be the key issue in studying the kinematics of the deep lithosphere. Based on the field observation and structural texture in the North Dabie Mountains, numerical modeling was conducted for the post-ogogenic extensional deformation structure of the Dabieshan orogen to systematically analyze the vertical spatial distribution of rock deformation mechanism of the extensional deformation and further reveal the deformation styles of middle-lower crust during the post-orogenic extensional process. Field observations show that stretching lineation has distinctive preferred orientation in the margin areas of the North Dabie dome, gradually deceases towards the middle of the dome, and then is enhanced again in the core of the dome. Kinematically, the dome of North Dabie Mountain shows a consistent NW-trending shearing in hanging wall. Based on the results above, numerical modeling in this study indicates that flow styles of the North Dabie middle-lower crust is generally the combination of simple penetrative shear deformation and pure shear deformation. Simple shearing in the profiles shows distinct decreasing toward the core from top and bottom and, flow mode in the center of the middle-lower crust is dominantly pure shearing. It can be concluded by the authors that the flow model of the North Dabie middle-lower crust may result from the recession of the deeply subducted pacific plate and the ductile collapsing of the thickened orogenic crust.
The deformation style of the deep crust during the post-orogenic extension can reflect the tectonic activities of deep lithosphere, and should be the key issue in studying the kinematics of the deep lithosphere. Based on the field observation and structural texture in the North Dabie Mountains, numerical modeling was conducted for the post-ogogenic extensional deformation structure of the Dabieshan orogen to systematically analyze the vertical spatial distribution of rock deformation mechanism of the extensional deformation and further reveal the deformation styles of middle-lower crust during the post-orogenic extensional process. Field observations show that stretching lineation has distinctive preferred orientation in the margin areas of the North Dabie dome, gradually deceases towards the middle of the dome, and then is enhanced again in the core of the dome. Kinematically, the dome of North Dabie Mountain shows a consistent NW-trending shearing in hanging wall. Based on the results above, numerical modeling in this study indicates that flow styles of the North Dabie middle-lower crust is generally the combination of simple penetrative shear deformation and pure shear deformation. Simple shearing in the profiles shows distinct decreasing toward the core from top and bottom and, flow mode in the center of the middle-lower crust is dominantly pure shearing. It can be concluded by the authors that the flow model of the North Dabie middle-lower crust may result from the recession of the deeply subducted pacific plate and the ductile collapsing of the thickened orogenic crust.
引文
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