企业战略变革过程中的冲突影响研究——基于认知的视角
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摘要
本研究基于认知的视角,从理论上分析了企业战略变革过程中冲突的形成与影响,提出了战略变革知觉、战略变革响应与冲突关系假设模型,并开展了实证分析.研究表明,战略变革知觉与战略变革响应正相关,冲突在两者之间起到中介作用.
From the cognitive perspective, this research theoretically analyzes the formation and impact of conflicts in the process of strategic change, proposes the hypothetical model of strategic change cognition,strategic change response as well as conflict relationship, and also carries out an empirical study. Based on our results, it shows that strategic change cognition and strategic change response are positively correlated,and conflict plays an intermediary role between them.
From the cognitive perspective, this research theoretically analyzes the formation and impact of conflicts in the process of strategic change, proposes the hypothetical model of strategic change cognition,strategic change response as well as conflict relationship, and also carries out an empirical study. Based on our results, it shows that strategic change cognition and strategic change response are positively correlated,and conflict plays an intermediary role between them.
引文
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[2] Herzig S E, Jimmieson N L. Middle managers'uncertainty management during organizational change[J]. Leadership&Organization Development Journal, 2006, 27(8):628-645.
[3] Raza S A, Standing C. A systemic model for managing and evaluating conflicts in organizational change[J].Systemic Practice&Action Research, 2011, 24(3):187-210.
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[5] Feitler J N, Corsi T M, Grimm C M. Measuring firm strategic change in the regulated and deregulated motor carrier industry:An 18 year evaluation[J]. Transportation Research Part E:Logistics&Transportation Review,1997, 33(3):159-169.
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[7]陈传明,刘海建.企业战略变革的理论与研究方法述评[J].经济管理,2005(14):60-66.Chen C M, Liu H J. The appraisal of theory and research methodology on strategic change[J]. Economic Management in China, 2005(14):60-66.
[8] Barr P S, Stimpert J L, Huff A S. Cognitive change, strategic action, and organizational renewal[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1992, 13(S1):15-36.
[9] Cho T S, Hambrick D C. Attention as the mediator between top management team characteristics and strategic change:The case of airline deregulation[J]. Organization Science, 2006, 17(4):453-469.
[10] Guiette A, Vandenbempt K. Exploring team mental model dynamics during strategic change implementation in professional service organizations. A sensemaking perspective[J]. European Management Journal, 2013, 31(6):728-744.
[11]陈建勋.高层变革型领导行为与组织绩效间关系的理论整合与实证检验[J].系统工程理论与实践,2011,31(9):1696-1706.Chen J X. Integrative framework and empirical test of the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational performance[J]. Systems Engineering—Theory&Practice, 2011, 31(9):1696-1706.
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[13] Kaplan S, Tripsas M. Thinking about technology:Applying a cognitive lens to technical change[J]. Research Policy, 2008, 37(5):790-805.
[14] Wooldridge B, Schmid T, Floyd S W. The middle management perspective on strategy process:Contributions,synthesis, and future research[J]. Journal of Management, 2008, 34(6):1190-1221.
[15]薛云奎,齐大庆,韦华宁.中国企业战略执行现状及执行力决定因素分析[J].管理世界,2005, 21(9):88-98.Xue Y K, Qi D Q, Wei H N. An analysis of the status quo of carrying-out China's enterprise strategy and of the decisive factors of the executive ability[J]. Management World, 2005, 21(9):88-98.
[16]陈力田,许庆瑞,吴志岩.战略构想、创新搜寻与技术创新能力演化——基于系统动力学的理论建模与仿真研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014, 34(7):1705-1719.Chen L T, Xu Q R, Wu Z Y. Strategic schema, innovation search and technological innovation capability evolution—Theoretical modeling and simulation based on system dynamics[J]. Systems Engineering—Theory&Practice,2014, 34(7):1705-1719.
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[18] Tjosvold D. Defining conflict and making choices about its management[J]. International Journal of Conflict Management, 2013, 17(2):87-95.
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[20] Jehn K A. A qualitative analysis of conflict types and dimensions in organizational groups[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1997, 42(3):530-557.
[21] Le J K, Jarzabkowski P A. The role of task and process conflict in strategizing[J]. British Journal of Management,2015, 26(3):439-462.
[22] Jehn K A, Mannix E A. The dynamic nature of conflict:A longitudinal study of intragroup conflict and group performance[J]. The Academy of Management Journal, 2001, 44(2):238—251.
[23] Floyd S W, Lane P J. Strategizing throughout the organization:Managing role conflict in strategic renewal[J].Academy of Management Review, 2000, 25(1):154-177.
[24]陈彦亮.团队认知对企业惯例的作用机制研究[D]+沈阳:辽宁大学,2012.Chen Y L. Study on effect mechanism of organizational routine based on team cognition[D]. Shenyang:Liaoning University, 2012.
[25] Nadkarni S, Barr P S. Environmental context, managerial cognition, and strategic action:An integrated view[J].Strategic Management Journal, 2008, 29(13):1395-1427.
[26]方方,蒋毅,李兴珊,等.认知心理学:探索人类的智能[J].中国科学院院刊,2012, 27(S1):13-21.Fang F, Jiang Y, Li X S, et al. Cognitive psychology:A discipline investigating human intelligence[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2012, 27(S1):13-21.
[27] Bogner W C, Barr P S. Making sense in hypercompetitive environments:A cognitive explanation for the persis?tence of high velocity competition[J]. Organization Science, 2000, 11(2):212-226.
[28] Daft R L, Weick K E. Toward a model of organizations as interpretation systems[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1984, 9(2):284-295.
[29] Ocasio W. Towards an attention-based view of the firm[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2015, 18(S1):187-206.
[30]张咏,葛玉辉.高层管理团队认知特征的研究综述[J].科技与管理,2012, 14(1):101-103.Zhang Y, Ge Y H. Research on top management team of cognitive characteristics^]. Science-Technology and Management, 2012, 14(1):101-103.
[31] Dutton J E, Ashford S J. Selling issues to top management[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1993, 18(3):397-428.
[32] Liu J, Fu P, Liu S. Conflicts in top management teams and team/firm outcomes[J]. International Journal of Conflict Management, 2009, 20(3):228-250.
[33] Olson B J, Bao Y, Parayitam S. Task conflict, relationship conflict and agreement-seeking behavior in Chinese top management teams[J]. International Journal of Conflict Management, 2010, 21(1):94-116.
[34]秦穎,马超培,张丽,等.组织中的跨部门冲突理论与实证研究[J].工业技术经济,2010, 29(10):105-109.Qin Y, Ma C P, Zhang L, et al. Theoretical and empirical research on cross-sectoral conflict in organizations[J].Journal of Industrial Technological Economics, 2010, 29(10):105—109.
[35]张莉,Wan Fang,林与川,等.实验研究中的调节变量和中介变量[J].管理科学,2011,24(1):108-116.Zhang L, Wan F, Lin Y C, et al. Moderation and mediation in experimental study[J]. Journal of Management Science, 2011, 24(1):108-116.
[36]苗青.人力资源管理研究与实践:前沿量表手册[M]+杭州:浙江大学出版社,2015:292-293.Miao Q. Handbook of HRM frontier research&practice scales[M]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press, 2015:292-293.
[37]中国航天科技集团公司隆重召幵第四次工作会议[N]+中国航天报(第一版),2008-07-29.
[38] ft聚改革共识建设航天强国[N].中国航天报(第一版),2014-09-03.
[39] Baron R M, Kenny D A. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research:Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations[J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1986, 51(6):1173.
[40]尚航标,蓝海林,黄培伦.动恣环境下管理认知对战略竞争优势的效应研究[M]+北京:经济科学出版社,2012.Shang H B, Lan H L, Huang P L. The effect of managerial cognition on strategic competitive advantage in hypercompetition[M]. Beijing:Economic Science Press, 2012.
[41] Vila J, Canales J I. Can strategic planning make strategy more relevant and build commitment over time? The case of RACC[J]. Long Range Planning, 2008, 41(3):273-290.
[2] Herzig S E, Jimmieson N L. Middle managers'uncertainty management during organizational change[J]. Leadership&Organization Development Journal, 2006, 27(8):628-645.
[3] Raza S A, Standing C. A systemic model for managing and evaluating conflicts in organizational change[J].Systemic Practice&Action Research, 2011, 24(3):187-210.
[4] Meyer C B, Bergen N. Destructive dynamics of middle management intervention in postmerger processes[J].Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 2006, 42(4):397-419.
[5] Feitler J N, Corsi T M, Grimm C M. Measuring firm strategic change in the regulated and deregulated motor carrier industry:An 18 year evaluation[J]. Transportation Research Part E:Logistics&Transportation Review,1997, 33(3):159-169.
[6]冯海龙.企业战略变革:概念、整合理论模型与测量方法[J].经济管理,2007(5):34-38.Feng H L. A study on definition, integrated theoretical model and measurement methods of strategic change for firms[J]. Economic Management in China, 2007(5):34-38.
[7]陈传明,刘海建.企业战略变革的理论与研究方法述评[J].经济管理,2005(14):60-66.Chen C M, Liu H J. The appraisal of theory and research methodology on strategic change[J]. Economic Management in China, 2005(14):60-66.
[8] Barr P S, Stimpert J L, Huff A S. Cognitive change, strategic action, and organizational renewal[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 1992, 13(S1):15-36.
[9] Cho T S, Hambrick D C. Attention as the mediator between top management team characteristics and strategic change:The case of airline deregulation[J]. Organization Science, 2006, 17(4):453-469.
[10] Guiette A, Vandenbempt K. Exploring team mental model dynamics during strategic change implementation in professional service organizations. A sensemaking perspective[J]. European Management Journal, 2013, 31(6):728-744.
[11]陈建勋.高层变革型领导行为与组织绩效间关系的理论整合与实证检验[J].系统工程理论与实践,2011,31(9):1696-1706.Chen J X. Integrative framework and empirical test of the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational performance[J]. Systems Engineering—Theory&Practice, 2011, 31(9):1696-1706.
[12] Rajagopalan N, Spreitzer G M. Toward a theory of strategic change:A multi-lens perspective and integrative framework[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1997, 22(1):48-79.
[13] Kaplan S, Tripsas M. Thinking about technology:Applying a cognitive lens to technical change[J]. Research Policy, 2008, 37(5):790-805.
[14] Wooldridge B, Schmid T, Floyd S W. The middle management perspective on strategy process:Contributions,synthesis, and future research[J]. Journal of Management, 2008, 34(6):1190-1221.
[15]薛云奎,齐大庆,韦华宁.中国企业战略执行现状及执行力决定因素分析[J].管理世界,2005, 21(9):88-98.Xue Y K, Qi D Q, Wei H N. An analysis of the status quo of carrying-out China's enterprise strategy and of the decisive factors of the executive ability[J]. Management World, 2005, 21(9):88-98.
[16]陈力田,许庆瑞,吴志岩.战略构想、创新搜寻与技术创新能力演化——基于系统动力学的理论建模与仿真研究[J].系统工程理论与实践,2014, 34(7):1705-1719.Chen L T, Xu Q R, Wu Z Y. Strategic schema, innovation search and technological innovation capability evolution—Theoretical modeling and simulation based on system dynamics[J]. Systems Engineering—Theory&Practice,2014, 34(7):1705-1719.
[17]吴育华,程德文.冲突分析的三维模型[J].系统工程理论与实践,1995, 15(8):30-36.Wu Y H, Cheng D W. The three dimensional model of conflict analysis[J]. Systems Engineering—Theory&Practice, 1995, 15(8):30-36.
[18] Tjosvold D. Defining conflict and making choices about its management[J]. International Journal of Conflict Management, 2013, 17(2):87-95.
[19] Deutsch M. Sixty years of confiict[J]. International Journal of Conflict Management, 1990, 1(3):237-263.
[20] Jehn K A. A qualitative analysis of conflict types and dimensions in organizational groups[J]. Administrative Science Quarterly, 1997, 42(3):530-557.
[21] Le J K, Jarzabkowski P A. The role of task and process conflict in strategizing[J]. British Journal of Management,2015, 26(3):439-462.
[22] Jehn K A, Mannix E A. The dynamic nature of conflict:A longitudinal study of intragroup conflict and group performance[J]. The Academy of Management Journal, 2001, 44(2):238—251.
[23] Floyd S W, Lane P J. Strategizing throughout the organization:Managing role conflict in strategic renewal[J].Academy of Management Review, 2000, 25(1):154-177.
[24]陈彦亮.团队认知对企业惯例的作用机制研究[D]+沈阳:辽宁大学,2012.Chen Y L. Study on effect mechanism of organizational routine based on team cognition[D]. Shenyang:Liaoning University, 2012.
[25] Nadkarni S, Barr P S. Environmental context, managerial cognition, and strategic action:An integrated view[J].Strategic Management Journal, 2008, 29(13):1395-1427.
[26]方方,蒋毅,李兴珊,等.认知心理学:探索人类的智能[J].中国科学院院刊,2012, 27(S1):13-21.Fang F, Jiang Y, Li X S, et al. Cognitive psychology:A discipline investigating human intelligence[J]. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2012, 27(S1):13-21.
[27] Bogner W C, Barr P S. Making sense in hypercompetitive environments:A cognitive explanation for the persis?tence of high velocity competition[J]. Organization Science, 2000, 11(2):212-226.
[28] Daft R L, Weick K E. Toward a model of organizations as interpretation systems[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1984, 9(2):284-295.
[29] Ocasio W. Towards an attention-based view of the firm[J]. Strategic Management Journal, 2015, 18(S1):187-206.
[30]张咏,葛玉辉.高层管理团队认知特征的研究综述[J].科技与管理,2012, 14(1):101-103.Zhang Y, Ge Y H. Research on top management team of cognitive characteristics^]. Science-Technology and Management, 2012, 14(1):101-103.
[31] Dutton J E, Ashford S J. Selling issues to top management[J]. Academy of Management Review, 1993, 18(3):397-428.
[32] Liu J, Fu P, Liu S. Conflicts in top management teams and team/firm outcomes[J]. International Journal of Conflict Management, 2009, 20(3):228-250.
[33] Olson B J, Bao Y, Parayitam S. Task conflict, relationship conflict and agreement-seeking behavior in Chinese top management teams[J]. International Journal of Conflict Management, 2010, 21(1):94-116.
[34]秦穎,马超培,张丽,等.组织中的跨部门冲突理论与实证研究[J].工业技术经济,2010, 29(10):105-109.Qin Y, Ma C P, Zhang L, et al. Theoretical and empirical research on cross-sectoral conflict in organizations[J].Journal of Industrial Technological Economics, 2010, 29(10):105—109.
[35]张莉,Wan Fang,林与川,等.实验研究中的调节变量和中介变量[J].管理科学,2011,24(1):108-116.Zhang L, Wan F, Lin Y C, et al. Moderation and mediation in experimental study[J]. Journal of Management Science, 2011, 24(1):108-116.
[36]苗青.人力资源管理研究与实践:前沿量表手册[M]+杭州:浙江大学出版社,2015:292-293.Miao Q. Handbook of HRM frontier research&practice scales[M]. Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press, 2015:292-293.
[37]中国航天科技集团公司隆重召幵第四次工作会议[N]+中国航天报(第一版),2008-07-29.
[38] ft聚改革共识建设航天强国[N].中国航天报(第一版),2014-09-03.
[39] Baron R M, Kenny D A. The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research:Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations[J]. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1986, 51(6):1173.
[40]尚航标,蓝海林,黄培伦.动恣环境下管理认知对战略竞争优势的效应研究[M]+北京:经济科学出版社,2012.Shang H B, Lan H L, Huang P L. The effect of managerial cognition on strategic competitive advantage in hypercompetition[M]. Beijing:Economic Science Press, 2012.
[41] Vila J, Canales J I. Can strategic planning make strategy more relevant and build commitment over time? The case of RACC[J]. Long Range Planning, 2008, 41(3):273-290.