川中丘陵区不同土地利用方式的石灰性紫色土土壤腐殖质特征
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摘要
以川中丘陵区石灰性碱性紫色土为研究对象,初步分析了林地、旱地、水田和撂荒地土壤腐殖质组成和性质,并探讨土壤腐殖质与土壤全氮含量关系.结果表明:(1)表层和亚表层土壤腐殖质含量均为林地最高,其次为旱地、水田、撂荒地.根据我国土壤肥力分级标准,林地、水田、旱地表层(L1)土壤腐殖质含量中等,撂荒地含量偏低;(2)四种土地利用方式表层和亚表层(L2)土壤腐殖质组成中,均以胡敏素碳相对数量最高,除水田亚表层土壤胡敏酸碳含量高于富里酸碳含量外,其他三种土地利用方式的土壤富里酸碳的相对数量均高于胡敏酸碳相对数量;(3)四种土地利用方式表层土壤H/F值均小于1,表明川中丘陵区碱性紫色土为富里酸型土壤.四种土地利用方式表层土壤的腐殖化程度从高到低依次为:旱地>林地>水田>撂荒地.同种利用方式下,旱地、撂荒地表层和亚表层土壤腐殖质腐殖化程度无显著差异.水田、林地亚表层土壤腐殖质腐殖化程度均高于亚表层;(4)腐殖质、胡敏酸、富里酸、胡敏素含量与土壤全氮含量相关系数分别为0. 899、0. 790、0. 682、0. 909,呈线性正相关.
Taking calcareous alkaline purple soil in the hilly area of Middle Sichuan as the research object,the composition and properties of humus in soil of paddy field,dryland,woodland and abandoned land were analyzed,and the relationship between soil humus and total nitrogen content in soil was discussed. The result shows that:( 1) The humus content in surface and subsurface soils was the highest in woodland,followed by dryland,paddy field and abandoned wasteland. According to the classification standard of soil fertility in China,the humus content of surface layer( L1) of woodland,paddy field and dryland was medium,while that of abandoned wasteland was low;( 2) humus content of surface layer and subsurface layer( L2) of four land use patterns was the highest,except humic acid carbon of subsurface layer of paddy field. Except for the content of fulvic acid carbon,the relative amount of fulvic acid carbon in the other three land use patterns was higher than that of humic acid carbon.( 3)The surface soil H/F values of the four land use patterns were all less than 1,indicating that the alkaline purple soil in the hilly area of central Sichuan was fulvic acid type. The humification degree of the surface soil of the four land use patterns was in the order of dryland > woodland > paddy field > abandoned wasteland. Under the same utilization mode,there was no significant difference in humification degree of Soil Humus in dry land,abandoned surface layer and subsurface layer. The humification degree of humus in paddy and woodland subsurface soil was higher than that in subsurface soil;( 4) The correlation coefficients of humus,humic acid,fulvic acid and humin content with total nitrogen content in soil were 0. 899,0. 790,0. 682 and 0. 909,respectively,showing a linear positive correlation.
Taking calcareous alkaline purple soil in the hilly area of Middle Sichuan as the research object,the composition and properties of humus in soil of paddy field,dryland,woodland and abandoned land were analyzed,and the relationship between soil humus and total nitrogen content in soil was discussed. The result shows that:( 1) The humus content in surface and subsurface soils was the highest in woodland,followed by dryland,paddy field and abandoned wasteland. According to the classification standard of soil fertility in China,the humus content of surface layer( L1) of woodland,paddy field and dryland was medium,while that of abandoned wasteland was low;( 2) humus content of surface layer and subsurface layer( L2) of four land use patterns was the highest,except humic acid carbon of subsurface layer of paddy field. Except for the content of fulvic acid carbon,the relative amount of fulvic acid carbon in the other three land use patterns was higher than that of humic acid carbon.( 3)The surface soil H/F values of the four land use patterns were all less than 1,indicating that the alkaline purple soil in the hilly area of central Sichuan was fulvic acid type. The humification degree of the surface soil of the four land use patterns was in the order of dryland > woodland > paddy field > abandoned wasteland. Under the same utilization mode,there was no significant difference in humification degree of Soil Humus in dry land,abandoned surface layer and subsurface layer. The humification degree of humus in paddy and woodland subsurface soil was higher than that in subsurface soil;( 4) The correlation coefficients of humus,humic acid,fulvic acid and humin content with total nitrogen content in soil were 0. 899,0. 790,0. 682 and 0. 909,respectively,showing a linear positive correlation.
引文
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[5]商素云.亚热带不同林分土壤有机碳组分及其结构特征研究[D].杭州:浙江农林大学,2012.
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[8]沈永明,杨劲松,曾华,等.互花米草盐沼湿地土壤腐殖质的空间分布特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(6):2279-2284.
[9]何蓉,张培芬,杨卫.高黎贡山自然保护区土壤腐殖质组成与微量元素含量的研究[J].西部林业科学,2006(2):48-52.
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[11]刘立诚.新疆地带性土壤腐殖质组成、性质及其分布规律[J].新疆大学学报(自然科学版),1995(3):85-90.
[12]李阳.长期施肥土壤腐殖质变化及其与土壤酸度变化的关系[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2016.
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[15]于淼.不同开垦年限水田土壤腐殖质组成及结构特征的研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2014.
[16]张鹏.浅析甘肃省主要农田土壤腐殖质组分[J].农业科技与信息,2008(23):34-35.
[17]褚慧,宗良纲,汪张鳃,等.不同种植模式下菜地土壤腐殖质组分特性等动态变化[J].土壤学报,2013,50(5):86-93.
[18]张金屯.全球气候变化对自然土壤碳、氮循环的影响[J].地理科学,1998,18(5):463-471.
[19]高亚军,朱培立,黄东迈.稻麦轮作条件下长期不同土壤管理对有机质积累的影响[J].土壤与环境,2000,9(2):27-30.
[20]廖丹,于东升,赵永存,等.成都典型区水稻土有机碳组分构成及其影响因素研究[J].土壤学报,2015,52(3):517-527.
[21]刘景双,杨继松,于君宝,等.三江平原沼泽湿地土壤有机碳的垂直分布特征研究[J].水土保持学报,2003,17(3):5-8.
[22] DANG Y A,LIS Q,WANG G D. Distribution characteristics of humus fraction in soil profile for the typical regions in the LoessPlateau[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(6):1820-1829.
[2]李克斌,许中坚,刘维屏.农药在土壤上吸着/解吸及其对生物利用率影响的研究进展[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2002(4):18-24
[3]党志,黄伟林,肖保华.环境有机地球化学:有机污染物:土壤/沉积物吸附作用研究回顾[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,1999(3):56-62.
[4]李文芳,卜晓英,黄美娥,等.土壤腐殖质的降解及其结构[J].安徽农业科学,2005(3):494-495.
[5]商素云.亚热带不同林分土壤有机碳组分及其结构特征研究[D].杭州:浙江农林大学,2012.
[6]国家林业局. LY/T 1238-1999森林土壤腐殖质组成的测定[S].北京:中国林业出版社,1999.
[7]袁大刚,蒲光兰,程伟丽,等.川西稻田改为茶园后土壤p H和腐殖质组成剖面分布变化特征[J].浙江农业学报,2016,28(1):104-109.
[8]沈永明,杨劲松,曾华,等.互花米草盐沼湿地土壤腐殖质的空间分布特征[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(6):2279-2284.
[9]何蓉,张培芬,杨卫.高黎贡山自然保护区土壤腐殖质组成与微量元素含量的研究[J].西部林业科学,2006(2):48-52.
[10]李学垣.土壤化学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001.
[11]刘立诚.新疆地带性土壤腐殖质组成、性质及其分布规律[J].新疆大学学报(自然科学版),1995(3):85-90.
[12]李阳.长期施肥土壤腐殖质变化及其与土壤酸度变化的关系[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2016.
[13]熊顺贵.基础土壤学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社. 2001.
[14]杨继松,于君宝,刘景双,等.三江平原典型湿地土壤腐殖质的剖面分布及其组成特征[J].土壤通报,2006(5):865-868.
[15]于淼.不同开垦年限水田土壤腐殖质组成及结构特征的研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2014.
[16]张鹏.浅析甘肃省主要农田土壤腐殖质组分[J].农业科技与信息,2008(23):34-35.
[17]褚慧,宗良纲,汪张鳃,等.不同种植模式下菜地土壤腐殖质组分特性等动态变化[J].土壤学报,2013,50(5):86-93.
[18]张金屯.全球气候变化对自然土壤碳、氮循环的影响[J].地理科学,1998,18(5):463-471.
[19]高亚军,朱培立,黄东迈.稻麦轮作条件下长期不同土壤管理对有机质积累的影响[J].土壤与环境,2000,9(2):27-30.
[20]廖丹,于东升,赵永存,等.成都典型区水稻土有机碳组分构成及其影响因素研究[J].土壤学报,2015,52(3):517-527.
[21]刘景双,杨继松,于君宝,等.三江平原沼泽湿地土壤有机碳的垂直分布特征研究[J].水土保持学报,2003,17(3):5-8.
[22] DANG Y A,LIS Q,WANG G D. Distribution characteristics of humus fraction in soil profile for the typical regions in the LoessPlateau[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica,2012,32(6):1820-1829.