母亲孕期胎教情况对学龄前儿童行为问题的影响
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摘要
目的探讨母亲孕期胎教情况与学龄前儿童行为问题的关系,为该地区开展孕期胎教与儿童行为干预提供依据。方法采用Conners父母问卷对深圳市龙华新区9 289名3～4岁的幼儿园学龄前儿童行为问题进行调查,用自编问卷调查其母亲孕期的胎教情况。按胎教频率分为三组,分别为偶尔有(每月3次及以下)作为A组,经常有(每周1～4次)作为B组和几乎天天有(每周5～7次)作为C组。结果发现音乐胎教和语言胎教频次越多,学龄前儿童行为问题中的六个因子(品行问题、学习问题、心身问题、多动-冲动、焦虑、多动指数)得分越低(P <0. 05);抚摸胎教频次越多,儿童心理行为问题中的两个因子品行问题、学习问题得分越低(P <0. 05)。结论母亲孕期进行胎教,尤其音乐胎教和语言胎教有利于减少学龄前儿童不良行为问题的发生。
Objective To explore the relationship between maternal prenatal education and behavior problems in preschool children and to provide the evidence for behavior intervention in the local district. Methods Nine thousand two hundred and eighty-nine preschool children,aged 3 to 4 years old,with behavior problems were investigated by Conners parents questionnaire in Longhua new district of Shenzhen city. The maternal prenatal educations were investigated by self-designed questionnaire and were divided into three groups according to the fetal education frequency: group A( occasional prenatal education,≤3 times monthly),group B( frequent prenatal education,1 to 4 times weekly),and group C( prenatal education almost every day,5 to 7 times weekly). Results The more times of music and language prenatal education the mothers gave,the lower scores of six factors of behavior problems( learning,psychosomatic,hyperactivity impulses,anxiety and hyperactivity problems) the preschool children got( P <0. 05). The more times of prenatal caress education,the lower scores of two factors of behavior problems and learning problems in children' s psychology and behavior( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Maternal prenatal education especially music and language teaching can beneficially reduce the behavior problems of preschool children.
Objective To explore the relationship between maternal prenatal education and behavior problems in preschool children and to provide the evidence for behavior intervention in the local district. Methods Nine thousand two hundred and eighty-nine preschool children,aged 3 to 4 years old,with behavior problems were investigated by Conners parents questionnaire in Longhua new district of Shenzhen city. The maternal prenatal educations were investigated by self-designed questionnaire and were divided into three groups according to the fetal education frequency: group A( occasional prenatal education,≤3 times monthly),group B( frequent prenatal education,1 to 4 times weekly),and group C( prenatal education almost every day,5 to 7 times weekly). Results The more times of music and language prenatal education the mothers gave,the lower scores of six factors of behavior problems( learning,psychosomatic,hyperactivity impulses,anxiety and hyperactivity problems) the preschool children got( P <0. 05). The more times of prenatal caress education,the lower scores of two factors of behavior problems and learning problems in children' s psychology and behavior( P < 0. 05). Conclusion Maternal prenatal education especially music and language teaching can beneficially reduce the behavior problems of preschool children.
引文
1胡敏,静进.学龄前儿童行为问题影响因素研究进展[J].中国学校卫生,2011,32(4):509-512.
2苏林雁.儿童多动症[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2004:102-112.
3陈达光,黄萸芳,张镜源,等.音乐胎教与抚摩训练对婴儿智力动作发育和行为影响的研究[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1994,8(4):148-151,189.
4 Conners CK.Parent Symptom Questionnaive[J].Psychopharmacol Bull,1985,21(4):816-822.
5张作记.行为医学量表手册[M].北京:中华医学电子音像出版社,2005:461-462.
6齐宏文,周宗旗.胎教[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,1993:1-3.
7吕燕玲,张春萍,丁华,等.胎教的临床应用研究[J].中国优生与遗传杂志,2001,9(4):65-66.
8李虹.胎教音乐对胎儿影响的实验研究[J].心理学报,1994,26(1):51-58.
9张佩鸣,陈彩华.胎教与婴儿智能发育的研究[J].上海预防医学杂志,1999,11(3):131-132.
10刘衍斌,李迎春,黄玉莲.四维彩色多普勒超声评价胎教对胎儿血流动力学及行为评分的影响[J].现代仪器与医疗,2013,19(4):18-20.
11李海峰,孙爱军,徐佳露,等.胎教与儿童孤独症的相关性研究[J].杭州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,13(4):360-364.
2苏林雁.儿童多动症[M].北京:人民军医出版社,2004:102-112.
3陈达光,黄萸芳,张镜源,等.音乐胎教与抚摩训练对婴儿智力动作发育和行为影响的研究[J].中国心理卫生杂志,1994,8(4):148-151,189.
4 Conners CK.Parent Symptom Questionnaive[J].Psychopharmacol Bull,1985,21(4):816-822.
5张作记.行为医学量表手册[M].北京:中华医学电子音像出版社,2005:461-462.
6齐宏文,周宗旗.胎教[M].贵阳:贵州科技出版社,1993:1-3.
7吕燕玲,张春萍,丁华,等.胎教的临床应用研究[J].中国优生与遗传杂志,2001,9(4):65-66.
8李虹.胎教音乐对胎儿影响的实验研究[J].心理学报,1994,26(1):51-58.
9张佩鸣,陈彩华.胎教与婴儿智能发育的研究[J].上海预防医学杂志,1999,11(3):131-132.
10刘衍斌,李迎春,黄玉莲.四维彩色多普勒超声评价胎教对胎儿血流动力学及行为评分的影响[J].现代仪器与医疗,2013,19(4):18-20.
11李海峰,孙爱军,徐佳露,等.胎教与儿童孤独症的相关性研究[J].杭州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2014,13(4):360-364.