模拟粉尘覆盖对瓜叶菊叶片光合特性的影响
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摘要
【目的】探究瓜叶菊(Pericallis hybrid)叶片对模拟粉尘覆盖的光合响应特征及瓜叶菊对粉尘的耐受机制。【方法】以观赏植物瓜叶菊为研究对象,以不同浓度可溶性淀粉溶液喷洒模拟粉尘沉降,测定瓜叶菊叶片光合生理参数及光合氮分配等指标。【结果】①随着模拟粉尘浓度的增加,瓜叶菊叶片最大净光合速率(P_(max))、光合色素含量、最大电子传递速率(J_(max))呈现下降趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05),表明瓜叶菊具有一定的抗粉尘覆盖能力;②粉尘覆盖使瓜叶菊叶片的比叶面积(SLA)升高,单位面积氮含量(N_A)显著降低(P<0.05),单位质量氮含量(N_M)降低;③随着模拟粉尘浓度增加,瓜叶菊叶氮在光合机制的分配系数(P_T)、捕光成分中的分配系数(P_L)、生物力能学的分配系数(P_B)、羧化系统的分配系数(P_C)显著上升(P<0.05)。【结论】瓜叶菊通过改变光合氮分配格局维持光合作用,是其适应粉尘覆盖的重要机制。
【Objective】This study was to explore responses of photosynthesis and the mechanism of tolerance in Pericallis Hybrid to dust coverage.【Method】P.hybrid which is an ornamental plant was used as the research object. Simulated dust deposition was sprayed with different concentrations of soluble starch solution and the photosynthetic physiological parameters and photosynthetic nitrogen allocation were measured.【Result】①With the increase of simulated dust concentration,the maximum net photosynthetic rate(P_(max))、photosynthetic pigment content and maximum electron transfer rate(J_(max)) of P.hybrid leaves showed a downward trend,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05),indicating that P.hybrid has certain resistance to dust coverage;②Dust coverage increased the specific leaf area(SLA) of P.hybrid,nitrogen content per unit area(N_A) decreased significantly(P<0.05),and unit mass nitrogen content(N_M) decreased;③The fractions of N partitioned to photosynthetic mechanism(P_T)、light harvesting(P_L)、bioenergetics(P_B) and carboxylation(P_C),as the soluble starch concentrations increased,raised significantly(P<0.05).【Conclusion】These results indicated that P.hybrid maintains photosynthesis by changing the pattern of photosynthetic nitrogen distribution,which is an important mechanism for adapting to dust coverage.
【Objective】This study was to explore responses of photosynthesis and the mechanism of tolerance in Pericallis Hybrid to dust coverage.【Method】P.hybrid which is an ornamental plant was used as the research object. Simulated dust deposition was sprayed with different concentrations of soluble starch solution and the photosynthetic physiological parameters and photosynthetic nitrogen allocation were measured.【Result】①With the increase of simulated dust concentration,the maximum net photosynthetic rate(P_(max))、photosynthetic pigment content and maximum electron transfer rate(J_(max)) of P.hybrid leaves showed a downward trend,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05),indicating that P.hybrid has certain resistance to dust coverage;②Dust coverage increased the specific leaf area(SLA) of P.hybrid,nitrogen content per unit area(N_A) decreased significantly(P<0.05),and unit mass nitrogen content(N_M) decreased;③The fractions of N partitioned to photosynthetic mechanism(P_T)、light harvesting(P_L)、bioenergetics(P_B) and carboxylation(P_C),as the soluble starch concentrations increased,raised significantly(P<0.05).【Conclusion】These results indicated that P.hybrid maintains photosynthesis by changing the pattern of photosynthetic nitrogen distribution,which is an important mechanism for adapting to dust coverage.
引文
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[13]石婕,刘庆倩,安海龙,等.不同污染程度下毛白杨叶表面PM2.5颗粒的数量及性质和叶片气孔形态的比较研究[J].生态学报,2015, 35(22):7522-7530.
[14]方骄.粉尘覆盖对新几内亚凤仙光合特性及光合氮分配的影响[D].成都:四川农业大学,2016.
[15] TAO J, ZHANG L, ENGLING G, et al. Chemical composition of PM2.5, in an urban environment in Chengdu, China:Importance of springtime dust storms and biomass burning[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2013, 122(3):270-283.
[16] HARIRAM M, SAHU R, ELUMALAI S P. Impact assessment of atmospheric dust on foliage pigments and pollution resistances of plants grown nearby coal based thermal power plants[J]. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2017, 74(6):1-15.
[17] THOMPSON J R, MUELLER P W, FLUCKIGER W, et al. The effect of dust on photosynthesis and its significance for roadside plants[J].Environmental Pollution,1984, 34(2):171-190.
[18]薛娴,许会敏,吴鸿洋,等.植物光合作用循环电子传递的研究进展[J].植物生理学报,2017, 53(2)145-158.
[19]王凯,朱教君,于立忠,等.遮阴对黄波罗幼苗的光合特性及光能利用效率的影响[J].植物生态学报,2009, 33(5):1003-1012.
[20]尹慧,安莹,陈雅君,等.不同遮阴强度下白三叶形态特征和生长动态[J].中国草地学报,2015, 37(5):86-91.
[21]刘辉,宋会兴,杨万勤,等.油樟幼苗对马尾松林窗面积的光合响应特征[J].生态学报,2015, 35(12):4089-4096.
[22] POORTER H, EVANS J R. Photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency of species that differ inherently in specific leaf area[J]. Oecologia,1998, 116(2):26-37.
[23] MALETSIKA P A, NANOS G D, STAVROULAKIS G G. Peach leaf responses to soil and cement dust pollution[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015, 22(20):15952-15960.
[24] EVANS J R. Photosynthesis and nitrogen relationships in leaves of C3 Plants[J].Oecologia, 1989, 78(1):9-19.
[25] XU G,FAN X,MILLER A J. Plant nitrogen assimilation and use efficiency[J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2012, 63(1):153-182.
[26]宋洋,廖亮,刘涛,等.不同遮荫水平下香榧苗期光合作用及氮分配的响应机制[J].林业科学,2016, 52(5):55-63.
[27] LE R X, WALCROFT A S, SINOQUET H, et al. Photosynthetic light acclimation in peach leaves:importance of changes in mass:area ratio,nitrogen concentration,and leaf nitrogen partitioning[J].Tree Physiology, 2001, 21(6):377-386.
[28] JI D H, MAO Q Z, WATANABE Y, et al. Effect of nitrogen loading on the growth and photosynthetic responses of Japanese larch seedlings grown under different light regimes[J]. Journal of Agricultural Meteorology,2015, 71(3):232-238.
[29] CHEN J W, KUANG S B, LONG G Q, et al. Photosynthesis, light energy partitioning, and photoprotection in the shade-demanding species Panax noto ginseng under high and low level of growth irradiance[J]. Functional Plant Biology,2016, 43(6):479-491.
[2]赵传阳,李永安,刘学来.粉尘PM2.5及其对人体的危害[J].制冷与空调(四川),2013(4):403-406.
[3]周海川.空气质量与公共健康:以森林吸收烟粉尘为例[J].林业科学,2017, 53(8):120-131.
[4]陈小平,焦奕雯,裴婷婷,等.园林植物吸附细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))效应研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2014, 33(9):2558-2566.
[5]肖慧玲.粉尘污染下园林植物的光谱特征及光合特性研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2013.
[6]吕伟仙,葛滢,吴建之,等.植物中硝态氮、氨态氮、总氮测定方法的比较研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2004, 24(2):204-206.
[7] LOUSTAU D, BRAHIMMB,GAUDILLERE J P,et al. Photosynthetic responses to phosphorus nutrition in two-year-old maritime pine seedlings[J]. Tree Physiology, 1999, 19(1):707-715.
[8] FARQUHAR G D, VON C S, BERRY J A. A biochemical model of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in leaves of C3 species[J]. Planta,1980, 149(1):78-90.
[9] NIINE ME TS U, TENHUNEN J D. A model separating leaf structural and physiological effects on carbon gain along light gradients for the shade tolerant species Acer saccharum[J]. Plant Cell and Environment, 1997, 20(7):845-866.
[10] HIKOSAKA K, TERASHIMA I. Nitrogen partitioning among photosynthetic components and its consequence in sun and shade plants[J]. Functional Ecology, 1996, 10(3):335-343.
[11]柴一新,祝宁,韩焕金.城市绿化树种的滞尘效应:以哈尔滨市为例[J].应用生态学报,2002, 13(9):1121-1126.
[12] RIPULLONE F, GRASSI G, LAUTERI M, et al. Photosynthesis-nitrogen relationships:interpretation of different patterns between Pseudotsuga menziesii and Populus x euroamericana in a mini-stand experiment[J]. Tree Physiology, 2003, 23(2):137-144.
[13]石婕,刘庆倩,安海龙,等.不同污染程度下毛白杨叶表面PM2.5颗粒的数量及性质和叶片气孔形态的比较研究[J].生态学报,2015, 35(22):7522-7530.
[14]方骄.粉尘覆盖对新几内亚凤仙光合特性及光合氮分配的影响[D].成都:四川农业大学,2016.
[15] TAO J, ZHANG L, ENGLING G, et al. Chemical composition of PM2.5, in an urban environment in Chengdu, China:Importance of springtime dust storms and biomass burning[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2013, 122(3):270-283.
[16] HARIRAM M, SAHU R, ELUMALAI S P. Impact assessment of atmospheric dust on foliage pigments and pollution resistances of plants grown nearby coal based thermal power plants[J]. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2017, 74(6):1-15.
[17] THOMPSON J R, MUELLER P W, FLUCKIGER W, et al. The effect of dust on photosynthesis and its significance for roadside plants[J].Environmental Pollution,1984, 34(2):171-190.
[18]薛娴,许会敏,吴鸿洋,等.植物光合作用循环电子传递的研究进展[J].植物生理学报,2017, 53(2)145-158.
[19]王凯,朱教君,于立忠,等.遮阴对黄波罗幼苗的光合特性及光能利用效率的影响[J].植物生态学报,2009, 33(5):1003-1012.
[20]尹慧,安莹,陈雅君,等.不同遮阴强度下白三叶形态特征和生长动态[J].中国草地学报,2015, 37(5):86-91.
[21]刘辉,宋会兴,杨万勤,等.油樟幼苗对马尾松林窗面积的光合响应特征[J].生态学报,2015, 35(12):4089-4096.
[22] POORTER H, EVANS J R. Photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency of species that differ inherently in specific leaf area[J]. Oecologia,1998, 116(2):26-37.
[23] MALETSIKA P A, NANOS G D, STAVROULAKIS G G. Peach leaf responses to soil and cement dust pollution[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015, 22(20):15952-15960.
[24] EVANS J R. Photosynthesis and nitrogen relationships in leaves of C3 Plants[J].Oecologia, 1989, 78(1):9-19.
[25] XU G,FAN X,MILLER A J. Plant nitrogen assimilation and use efficiency[J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2012, 63(1):153-182.
[26]宋洋,廖亮,刘涛,等.不同遮荫水平下香榧苗期光合作用及氮分配的响应机制[J].林业科学,2016, 52(5):55-63.
[27] LE R X, WALCROFT A S, SINOQUET H, et al. Photosynthetic light acclimation in peach leaves:importance of changes in mass:area ratio,nitrogen concentration,and leaf nitrogen partitioning[J].Tree Physiology, 2001, 21(6):377-386.
[28] JI D H, MAO Q Z, WATANABE Y, et al. Effect of nitrogen loading on the growth and photosynthetic responses of Japanese larch seedlings grown under different light regimes[J]. Journal of Agricultural Meteorology,2015, 71(3):232-238.
[29] CHEN J W, KUANG S B, LONG G Q, et al. Photosynthesis, light energy partitioning, and photoprotection in the shade-demanding species Panax noto ginseng under high and low level of growth irradiance[J]. Functional Plant Biology,2016, 43(6):479-491.