抗菌型聚氯乙烯管材的制备及性能
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摘要
以正硅酸四乙酯为原料,采用溶胶凝胶法制备纳米SiO2颗粒,再采用原位还原法以硝酸银为银源,成功制备出纳米Ag-SiO2颗粒(100nm左右),采用差示扫描量热仪表征证明银粒子以单晶银的形式被成功负载到SiO2颗粒上,具有良好的结晶度。通过将纳米Ag-SiO2颗粒添加到聚氯乙烯(PVC)中,利用熔融塑化工艺制备出抗菌型PVC管材,研究表明纳米Ag-SiO2颗粒的添加能够有效提高PVC管材的抗菌性能和力学性能,当Ag-SiO2颗粒的添加量为2%时,PVC复合管材对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率分别达到94.2%和91.5%,同时复合管材的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率、弯曲强度、缺口冲击强度和弯曲弹性模量达到最大值,分别为19.8MPa,190%,72.3MPa,6.7kJ/m2和12.8GPa。
The silicon dioxide nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel method using tetraethyl orthosilicate as raw materials.Then,the nanosilvers were successfully loaded on the silica particles by in-situ reduction method using silver nitrate as silver source.Differential scanning calorimetry characterization prove that silver particles with good crystallinity are successfully loaded onto SiO_2particles in the form of single crystal.The Ag-SiO_2 particles(about 100 nm)were embedded into the polyvinyl chloride to prepare antibacterial polyvinyl chloride(PVC)pipes by melt plasticizing process.The results show that the addition of nano Ag-SiO_2 particles could effectively improve the antimicrobial properties and mechanical properties of PVC pipes.When the addition content of Ag-SiO_2 particles is 2%,the antimicrobial rates of PVC pipes against escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus are 94.2%and91.5%respectively.At the same time,the tensile strength,elongation at break,bending strength,notch impact strength and flexural modulus of elasticity of the composite pipes reach the maximum values of 19.8 MPa,190%,72.3 MPa,6.7 kJ/m~2 and 12.8 GPa respectively.
The silicon dioxide nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel method using tetraethyl orthosilicate as raw materials.Then,the nanosilvers were successfully loaded on the silica particles by in-situ reduction method using silver nitrate as silver source.Differential scanning calorimetry characterization prove that silver particles with good crystallinity are successfully loaded onto SiO_2particles in the form of single crystal.The Ag-SiO_2 particles(about 100 nm)were embedded into the polyvinyl chloride to prepare antibacterial polyvinyl chloride(PVC)pipes by melt plasticizing process.The results show that the addition of nano Ag-SiO_2 particles could effectively improve the antimicrobial properties and mechanical properties of PVC pipes.When the addition content of Ag-SiO_2 particles is 2%,the antimicrobial rates of PVC pipes against escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus are 94.2%and91.5%respectively.At the same time,the tensile strength,elongation at break,bending strength,notch impact strength and flexural modulus of elasticity of the composite pipes reach the maximum values of 19.8 MPa,190%,72.3 MPa,6.7 kJ/m~2 and 12.8 GPa respectively.
引文
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[15]李镇江,郭锋,岑伟,等.抗菌PVC纳米复合材料的制备[J].合成树脂及塑料,2008(1):23-26.Li Zhenjiang,Guo Feng,Cen Wei,et al.Preparaition of antibacterial PVC nanocomposite material[J].China Synthetic Resin and Plastics,2008(1):23-26.
[2]郭洋洋,唐晓宁,张彬,等.抗菌塑料的研究进展[J].塑料工业,2018(8):8-13.Guo Yangyang,Tang Xiaoning,Zhang Bin,et al.Research progress of antibacterial plastics[J].China Plastics Industry,2018(8):8-13.
[3]张立娟.抗菌塑料的研究进展简述[J].广州化学,2016(1):76-79.Zhang Lijuan.Briefly introduction of progress in antibacterial plastics[J].Guangzhou Chemistry,2016(1):76-79.
[4]赵建明,李泽国,李毕忠,等.聚氯乙烯人造革用抗菌防霉剂研究进展[J].塑料科技,2012(11):99-103.Zhao Jianming,Li Zeguo,Li Bizhong,et al.Research progress on antibacterial and antifungal agent for PVC artificial leather[J].Plastics Science and Technology,2012(11):99-103.
[5]潘晓勇,杜岩岩,陈伟,等.载银纳米二氧化钛在抗菌塑料中的应用研究进展[J].工程塑料应用,2012(11):101-105.Pan Xiaoyong,Du Yanyan,Chen Wei,et al.Applied properties of Ag/TiO2 in antibacterial plastics[J].Engineering Plastics Application,2012(11):101-105.
[6]何臣臣,刘源森,徐长安,等.微波辅助合成载银蒙脱土/水性聚氨酯纳米复合抗菌材料的制备及表征[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2018(7):162-166.He Chenchen,Liu Yuansen,Xu Changan,et al.Preparation and characterization of antibacterial waterborne polyurethane/silvermontmorillonite nanocomposite[J].Polymer Materials Science&Engineering,2018(7):162-166.
[7]Li Shucai,Li Yana.Mechanical and antibacterial properties of modified nano-ZnO/high-density polyethylene composite films with a low doped content of nano-ZnO[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2010,116:2 965-2 969.
[8]陆漓,梁俊,黄忠辉,等.纳米载银沸石抗菌剂的制备及其在抗菌塑料的应用[J].塑料助剂,2017(1):27-30+52.Lu Li,Liang Jun,Huang Zhonghui,et al.Preparation of a silvier carrying nano-sized zeolite antibacterial agent and its application in antibacterial plastic[J].Plastics Additives,2017(1):27-30+52.
[9]Zahra A,Leila N,Vahid H A,et al.The influence of fumed silica content and particle size in poly(amide 6-b-ethylene oxide)mixed matrix membranes for gas separation[J].Separation and Purification Technology,2018,199:47-56.
[10]吴晶,张志芳,杨丽娜,等.银改性介孔碳吸附脱硫[J].石油化工,2018(5):426-430.Wu Jing,Zhang Zhifang,Yang Lina,et al.Research of adsorption desulfurization with silver modified mesoporous carbon[J].Petrochemical Technology,2018(5):426-430.
[11]王广莉,汤瑜.抗菌纳米SiOx粉体应用于PVC试验研究[J].中国塑料,2009(8):79-82.Wang Guangli,Tang Yu.Application of microbicidal SiOx nanoparticles in PVC[J].China Plastics,2009(8):79-82.
[12]王永忠,钟明强,杨晋涛,等.纳米Ag+-TiO2/聚氯乙烯抗菌塑料制备及其性能[J].材料科学与工程学报,2009(6):862-864.Wang Yongzhong,Zhong Mingqiang,Yang Jintao,et al.Preparation and properties of nano-Ag+-TiO2/PVC antibacterial plastics[J].Journal of Materials Science and Engineering,2009(6):862-864.
[13]Chun-nam Lok,Chi-ming Ho,Chen Rong,et al.Proteomic analysis of the mode of antibacterialaction of silver nanoparticles[J].Journal of Proteome Research,2006(5):916-924.
[14]谭绍早.载银抗菌ABS塑料的研制[J].工程塑料应用,2005(5):13-17.Tan Shaozao.Preparation of ABS antibacterial plastics containing silver[J].Engineering Plastics Application,2005(5):13-17.
[15]李镇江,郭锋,岑伟,等.抗菌PVC纳米复合材料的制备[J].合成树脂及塑料,2008(1):23-26.Li Zhenjiang,Guo Feng,Cen Wei,et al.Preparaition of antibacterial PVC nanocomposite material[J].China Synthetic Resin and Plastics,2008(1):23-26.
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