微波辐射抑制草种萌发杂草预控试验研究
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摘要
以家用微波炉为微波发生器,试验研究微波功率、微波辐射时间、草种掩埋深度对草种萌发抑制作用的影响。试验结果表明,1 250 W微波辐射90 s可以抑制88%杂草种子萌发,而1 000 W微波辐射需要180 s,微波辐射功率小于1 000 W,对杂草种子萌发没有明显的抑制作用。由于土壤的蓄热效应以及草种掩埋深度对杂草种子萌发出苗的综合影响,杂草种子掩埋深度在4～6 cm,杂草种子发芽出土率低,抑制效果明显。
In order to gain the best way using microwave radiation for weed seed germination inhibiting, using domestic microwave stove as microwave generator, microwave power, radiation time and weed seed buried depth were tested to evaluate the effect on weed seed eradication. The approach can be considered as a weed pre-control method of seed-soil heating by microwave, the experiment result show that microwave power has great influence on weed seed inhibition. To get above 88% eradicating rate, 90 s microwave radiation is required for 1 250 W microwave power and 180 s needed for 1 000 W. It has not obvious effect if the microwave power below 1 000 W. Because of the combined effect of heat accumulation and the burial depth own elimination effect, it has the best weed seeds eradicating result in 4～6 cm burial depth.
In order to gain the best way using microwave radiation for weed seed germination inhibiting, using domestic microwave stove as microwave generator, microwave power, radiation time and weed seed buried depth were tested to evaluate the effect on weed seed eradication. The approach can be considered as a weed pre-control method of seed-soil heating by microwave, the experiment result show that microwave power has great influence on weed seed inhibition. To get above 88% eradicating rate, 90 s microwave radiation is required for 1 250 W microwave power and 180 s needed for 1 000 W. It has not obvious effect if the microwave power below 1 000 W. Because of the combined effect of heat accumulation and the burial depth own elimination effect, it has the best weed seeds eradicating result in 4～6 cm burial depth.
引文
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[14] 彭沛夫.微波技术与试验[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007.
[15] 盖志武,孙立娜,魏丹,等.微波对土壤微生物及其群落功能多样性的影响[J].河南农业科学,2007(3):73-77.Gai Zhiwu,Sun Lina,Wei Dan,et al.Effects of microwave sterilization on soil microbe and microbial community functional diversity [J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2007(3):73-77.
[2] 边文波,王建华,刘超.土壤环境因素对10种农田杂草种子发芽的影响研究[J].农业科技通讯,2016(12):122-123.
[3] Chauhan B S,Gill G,Preston C.Influence of tillage systems on vertical distribution,seedling recruitment and persistence of rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) seed bank [J].Weed Science,2006,54(4):669-676.
[4] Datta A,Knezevic S Z.Flaming as an alternative weed control method for conventional and organic agronomic crop production systems:a review [J].Advances in Agronomy.Academic Press,2013,118:399-428.
[5] 杜鹏,盖志武,金维洙.自动控温的微波消毒温室土壤装置设计[J].林业机械与木工设备,2009,37(11):37-39.
[6] 王明友,肖宏儒,宋卫东,等.微波土壤处理技术在设施农业中的应用[J].中国农机化,2012(5):104-106.Wang Mingyou,Xiao Hongru,Song Weidong,et al.Application of microwave soil treatment technology in agricultural facilities [J].Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2012(5):104-106.
[7] kraszevvski A W,Nelson S O.Microwave techniques in agriculture [J].Journal of microwave power and electromagnetic energy,2003,38(1):13-35.
[8] Wang Chao,Quan Hong.Effects of different depth on seed germination and emergence of sinopodophyllum hexandrum in Tibet [J].Weed Research,2003(32):38-40.
[9] 刘珑,刘振峰,孙帅,等.微波加热土壤特性及其影响因素试验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2009,9(23):6977-6980.Liu Long,Liu Zhenfeng,Sun Shuai,et al.Research on property and influence factors of heating soil using microwave energy [J].Science Technology and Engineering,2009,9(23):6977-6980.
[10] 谌伟艳,韩永忠,丁太文,等.微波热修复污染土壤技术研究进展[J].微波学报,2006,22(4):66-70.Chen Weiyan,Han Yongzhong,Ding Taiwen,et al.Thermal remediation of contain inated soil with microwave energy [J].Journal of Microwaves,2006,22(4):66-70.
[11] Kumar D A,Prema P.A review on crop and weed segmentation based on digital images [M].Multimedia Processing:Communication and Computing Applications.Springer,New Delhi,2013.
[12] 盖志武,周艳玲,王柏林,等.微波消毒设施土壤试验研究[J].广西农业科学,2007(2):174-176.Gai Zhiwu,Zhou Yanling,Wang Bailin,et al.Effects of sterilizing on greenhouse soil by microwave [J].Guangxi Agricultural Sciences,2007(2):174-176.
[13] 李家瑞,杨群辉,尚慧移,等.移动式微波杀菌装置[P].中国专利:CN205389393U,2016-02-02.
[14] 彭沛夫.微波技术与试验[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007.
[15] 盖志武,孙立娜,魏丹,等.微波对土壤微生物及其群落功能多样性的影响[J].河南农业科学,2007(3):73-77.Gai Zhiwu,Sun Lina,Wei Dan,et al.Effects of microwave sterilization on soil microbe and microbial community functional diversity [J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2007(3):73-77.