基于电磁耦合双线圈模型电磁斥力机构结构参数的优化分析
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摘要
针对现有电磁斥力机构等效计算方法无法有效应用的问题,提出了一种电磁耦合双线圈模型的等效计算方法。等效模型主要包括驱动回路与感应回路两部分,在基本电路方程之外,引入了电磁斥力与机械运动的计算。通过合理的简化,对等效模型中集肤深度、线圈电阻、线圈自感、线圈互感等参数进行辨识。在此基础上,以某型1 000 V/400 A电磁斥力机构样机为算例,采用时域迭代的离散算法较为系统地分析了两线圈内径、径向厚度以及斥力线圈匝数、轴向厚度等对机构效率和动子行程的影响规律。所得到的规律性认识可有效指导电磁斥力机构的优化设计。
Aiming at the problem that the existing equivalent calculation methods of ERM(Electromagnetic Repulsion Mechanism) cannot be applied effectively,an equivalent calculation method based on electromagnetic coupling double-coil model is proposed. The equivalent model mainly includes two parts,driving circuit and induction circuit. In addition to the basic circuit equations,the calculation of electromagnetic repulsion and mechanical motion is introduced. Through reasonable simplification,the skin depth,coil resistance,coil self-inductance and mutual inductance in the equivalent model are identified. On this basis,taking a prototype of a 1 000 V/400 A ERM as an example,the influence of inner diameter,radial thickness,turns of repulsion coil and axial thickness of the two coils on the mechanism efficiency and active cell travel are systematically analyzed by using the discrete algorithm of time-domain iteration. The obtained regularity knowledge can effectively guide the optimal design of ERM.
Aiming at the problem that the existing equivalent calculation methods of ERM(Electromagnetic Repulsion Mechanism) cannot be applied effectively,an equivalent calculation method based on electromagnetic coupling double-coil model is proposed. The equivalent model mainly includes two parts,driving circuit and induction circuit. In addition to the basic circuit equations,the calculation of electromagnetic repulsion and mechanical motion is introduced. Through reasonable simplification,the skin depth,coil resistance,coil self-inductance and mutual inductance in the equivalent model are identified. On this basis,taking a prototype of a 1 000 V/400 A ERM as an example,the influence of inner diameter,radial thickness,turns of repulsion coil and axial thickness of the two coils on the mechanism efficiency and active cell travel are systematically analyzed by using the discrete algorithm of time-domain iteration. The obtained regularity knowledge can effectively guide the optimal design of ERM.
引文
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[2] FRANCK C M.HVDC circuit breakers:a review identifying future research needs[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(2):998-1007.
[3] SATPATHI K,UKIL A,POU J.Short-circuit fault management in DC electric ship propulsion system:protection requirements,review of existing technologies and future research trends[J].IEEE Tran-sactions on Transportation Electrification,2018,4(1):272-291.
[4] 袁志方,庄劲武,陈倩,等.开断速度对电磁斥力高速开断器介质恢复特性的影响[J].电力自动化设备,2015,35(7):140-146.YUAN Zhifang,ZHUANG Jinwu,CHEN Qian,et al.Influence of breaking speed on dielectric recovery characteristic of high-speed electro-magnetic repulsion isolator[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2015,35(7):140-146
[5] 武瑾,庄劲武,王晨,等.电磁斥力机构数学模型的简化与求解[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(24):75-182.WU Jin,ZHUANG Jinwu,WANG Chen,et al.Simplification and solution of the mathematical model to electromagnetic repulsion mechanism[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(24):175-182.
[6] 袁志方,庄劲武,王晨,等.窄缝灭弧法提升电磁斥力高速开断器电弧电压的分析与试验[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(33):139-144.YUAN Zhifang,ZHUANG Jinwu,WANG Chen,et al.Analysis and experimentation of increasing arc voltage in high-speed electromagnetic repulsion isolators based on arc extinguishing with a narrow slit[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(33):139-144.
[7] LIU L,ZHUANG J,WANG C,et al.A hybrid DC vacuum circuit breaker for medium voltage:principle and first measurements[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2015,30(5):2096-2101.
[8] LI W,JEONG Y W,KOH C S.An adaptive equivalent circuit mo-deling method for the eddy current-driven electromechanical system[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2010,46(6):1859-1862.
[9] BISSAL A,MAGNUSSON J,ENGDAHL G.Electric to mechanical energy conversion of linear ultrafast electromechanical actuators based on stroke requirements[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2015,51(4):3059-3067
[10] 袁志方,庄劲武,王晨,等.高速开断器的10 kV/10 kA介质恢复试验系统关键技术研究[J].电力自动化设备,2014,34(6):168-173.YUAN Zhifang,ZHUANG Jinwu,WANG Chen,et al.10 kV/10 kA dielectric recovery test system for high-speed isolators[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2014,34(6):168-173.
[11] LIM D K,WOO D K,KIM I W,et al.Characteristic analysis and design of a Thomson coil actuator using an analytic method and a numerical method[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2013,49(12):5749-5755.
[12] JEAN-MARC M,ALFRED R.A DC hybrid circuit breaker with ultra-fast contact opening and integrated gate-commutated thyristors[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2006,21(2):646-651.
[13] SADEDIN D R.A study of the magnetic induction-repulsion acce-lerator[C]//Proceedings of the 8th IEEE International Pulsed Power Conference Digest of Technical Papers.San Diego,CA,USA:IEEE,1991:68-72.
[14] 王子建,何俊佳,尹小根,等.基于电磁斥力机构的10 kV快速真空开关[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(11):68-75.WANG Zijian,HE Junjia,YIN Xiaogen,et al.10 kV high speed vacuum switch with electromagnetic repulsion mechanism[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(11):68-75.
[15] 娄杰,李庆民,孙庆森,等.快速电磁推力机构的动态特性仿真与优化设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(16):23-29.LOU Jie,LI Qingmin,SUN Qingsen,et al.Dynamic characteristics simulation and optimal design of the fast electromagnetic repulsion mechanism[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(16):23-29.
[16] 孟君.快速斥力机构的设计与应用研究[D].济南:山东大学,2010.MENG Jun.Research on structure design and application of fast repulsion mechanism[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2010.
[17] ALI M.Direct current hybrid breakers:a design and its realization[D].Eindhoven,Holland:Eindhoven University of Technology,2000.