6-磷酸果糖激酶-2/果糖-2,6-二磷酸酶(PFKFB3)抑制剂3PO对高糖环境下人脐静脉血管内皮细胞新生血管形成的影响
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摘要
目的探讨6-磷酸果糖激酶-2/果糖-2,6-二磷酸酶(6-phosphofructokinase-2/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3,PFKFB3)抑制剂3-(3-吡啶基)-1-(4-吡啶基)-2-丙烯-1-酮[3-(3-pyridinyl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-one,3PO]对高糖环境下人脐静脉血管内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HUVEC)增殖、迁移和管腔形成的影响。方法将传代培养的HUVEC随机分为4组:正常对照组(5.5 mmol·L~(-1)葡萄糖)、高渗组(5.5 mmol·L~(-1)葡萄糖+24.5 mmol·L~(-1)甘露醇)、高糖组(30.0 mmol·L~(-1)葡萄糖)及高糖+3PO组(30.0 mmol·L~(-1)葡萄糖+10μmol·L~(-1) 3PO)。细胞同步化后按分组情况更换相应培养基,继续培养细胞,用于后续实验。采用MTS实验检测细胞增殖率,细胞划痕实验检测细胞迁移率,体外管腔形成实验检测细胞成管情况,实时荧光定量PCR检测PFKFB3 mRNA表达,Western blot检测PFKFB3及ERK蛋白表达情况。结果与正常对照组相比,高渗组细胞增殖能力降低(均为P<0.05);24 h高糖组细胞增殖能力无明显升高(P>0.05),48 h高糖组细胞增殖能力升高(P<0.05)。与高糖组相比,高糖+3PO组细胞增殖能力明显被抑制(均为P<0.05)。与正常对照组相比,高渗组细胞迁移率明显升高(均为P<0.05);24 h高糖组细胞迁移率明显升高(P<0.05),但在48 h高糖组中细胞迁移率升高不明显(P>0.05)。与高糖组相比,高糖+3PO组细胞迁移率明显降低(均为P<0.05)。与正常对照组相比,高渗组及高糖组细胞管腔形成能力均明显减弱(均为P<0.05)。与高糖组相比,高糖+3PO组细胞管腔形成能力减弱(P<0.05)。与正常对照组相比,高渗组PFKFB3 mRNA的表达水平变化不大(P>0.05),高糖组PFKFB3 mRNA的表达升高(P<0.05)。与高糖组相比,高糖+3PO组PFKFB3 mRNA的表达明显降低(P<0.05)。与正常对照组相比,高渗组及高糖组中p-ERK/ERK蛋白比值及PFKFB3蛋白表达均升高(均为P<0.05)。与高糖组相比,高糖+3PO组p-ERK/ERK蛋白比值及PFKFB3蛋白表达下降(均为P<0.05)。结论 PFKFB3抑制剂3PO可明显降低高糖环境下HUVEC的增殖、迁移和管腔形成的能力,其作用机制可能与MAPK/ERK信号通路有关。
Objective To investigate the effects of inhibitor 3-(3-pyridinyl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-one(3 PO) of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3(PFKFB3) on proliferation,migration and cell tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC) in high glucose environment.Methods The subcultured HUVECs were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal control group(5.5 mmol·L~(-1) glucose),hypertonic group(5.5 mmol·L~(-1) glucose+24.5 mmol·L~(-1) mannitol),high glucose group(30 mmol·L~(-1) glucose) and high glucose+3 PO group(30 mmol·L~(-1) glucose+10 μmol·L~(-1) 3 PO).After the cells were synchronized,the corresponding medium was replaced according to the grouping,and the cells were further cultured for subsequent experiments.Cell proliferation rate was detected by MTS assay,cell migration was detected by cell scratch assay,and cell tube formation was detected by tube formation assay in vitro.PFKFB3 mRNA expression was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR,and PFKFB3 and ERK protein expressions were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the normal control group,the cell proliferation ability of the hypertonic group was decreased(both P<0.05);and it was not significantly increased at 24 h(P>0.05),but significantly increased at 48 h in the high glucose group(P<0.05);and it was significantly inhibited in the high glucose+3 PO group compared with the high glucose group(P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the cell migration rate of the hypertonic group was significantly increased(both P<0.05);and it was significantly increased at 24 h(P<0.05),but not significantly increased at 48 h in the high glucose group(P>0.05).The cell migration rate of the high glucose+3 PO group was significantly lower than that of the high glucose group(both P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the cell tube formation ability of the hypertonic group and the high glucose group was significantly weakened(both P<0.05);and it was weakened in the high glucose+3 PO group compared with the high glucose group(P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the expression level of PFKFB3 mRNA did not change much in the hypertonic group(P>0.05),and increased in the high glucose group(P<0.05);but it was significantly decreased in high glucose+3 PO group compared with the high glucose group(P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the ratio of p-ERK/ERK protein and the PFKFB3 protein were increased both in the hypertonic group and the high glucose group(all P<0.05),and they were decreased in the high glucose + 3 PO group compared with the high glucose group(both P<0.05).Conclusion The inhibitor 3 PO of PFKFB3 can significantly reduce the proliferation,migration and cell tube formation of HUVEC in high glucose environment,and its mechanism may be related to MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.
Objective To investigate the effects of inhibitor 3-(3-pyridinyl)-1-(4-pyridinyl)-2-propen-1-one(3 PO) of 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3(PFKFB3) on proliferation,migration and cell tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC) in high glucose environment.Methods The subcultured HUVECs were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal control group(5.5 mmol·L~(-1) glucose),hypertonic group(5.5 mmol·L~(-1) glucose+24.5 mmol·L~(-1) mannitol),high glucose group(30 mmol·L~(-1) glucose) and high glucose+3 PO group(30 mmol·L~(-1) glucose+10 μmol·L~(-1) 3 PO).After the cells were synchronized,the corresponding medium was replaced according to the grouping,and the cells were further cultured for subsequent experiments.Cell proliferation rate was detected by MTS assay,cell migration was detected by cell scratch assay,and cell tube formation was detected by tube formation assay in vitro.PFKFB3 mRNA expression was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR,and PFKFB3 and ERK protein expressions were detected by Western blot.Results Compared with the normal control group,the cell proliferation ability of the hypertonic group was decreased(both P<0.05);and it was not significantly increased at 24 h(P>0.05),but significantly increased at 48 h in the high glucose group(P<0.05);and it was significantly inhibited in the high glucose+3 PO group compared with the high glucose group(P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the cell migration rate of the hypertonic group was significantly increased(both P<0.05);and it was significantly increased at 24 h(P<0.05),but not significantly increased at 48 h in the high glucose group(P>0.05).The cell migration rate of the high glucose+3 PO group was significantly lower than that of the high glucose group(both P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the cell tube formation ability of the hypertonic group and the high glucose group was significantly weakened(both P<0.05);and it was weakened in the high glucose+3 PO group compared with the high glucose group(P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the expression level of PFKFB3 mRNA did not change much in the hypertonic group(P>0.05),and increased in the high glucose group(P<0.05);but it was significantly decreased in high glucose+3 PO group compared with the high glucose group(P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the ratio of p-ERK/ERK protein and the PFKFB3 protein were increased both in the hypertonic group and the high glucose group(all P<0.05),and they were decreased in the high glucose + 3 PO group compared with the high glucose group(both P<0.05).Conclusion The inhibitor 3 PO of PFKFB3 can significantly reduce the proliferation,migration and cell tube formation of HUVEC in high glucose environment,and its mechanism may be related to MAPK/ERK signaling pathway.
引文
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[13] RORRIGUEZ-GARCIA A,SAMSO P,FONTOVA P,SIMON-MOLAS H,MANZANO A,CASTANO E,et al.TGF-β1 targets Smad,p38 MAPK,and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways to induce PFKFB3 gene expression and glycolysis in glioblastoma cells[J].FEBS J,2017,284(20):3437-3454.
[14] CRUYS B,WONG B W,KUCHNIO A,VERDEGEM D,CANTELMO A R,CONRADI L C,et al.Glycolytic regulation of cell rearrangement in angiogenesis[J].Nat Commun,2016,7:12240.
[15] BARTRONS R,RODRIGUEZ-GARCIA A,SIMON-MOLAS H,CASTANO E,MANZANO A,NAVARRO-SABATE A,et al.The potential utility of PFKFB3 as a therapeutic target[J].Expert Opin Ther Targets,2018,22(8):659-674.
[16] ZHOU Y,YUAN J,QI C,SHAO X,MOU S,NI Z.Calcium dobesilate may alleviate diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction and inflammation[J].Mol Med Rep,2017,16(6):8635-8642.
[17] XING Y,LAI J,LIU X,ZHANG N,MING J,LIU H,et al.Netrin-1 restores cell injury and impaired angiogenesis in vascular endothelial cells upon high glucose by PI3K/AKT-eNOS[J].J Mol Endocrinol,2017,58(4):167-177.
[18] VARMA S,LAL B K,ZHENG R,BRESLIN J W,SAITO S,PAPPAS P J,et al.Hyperglycemia alters PI3k and Akt signaling and leads to endothelial cell proliferative dysfunction[J].Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol,2005,289(4):H1744-1751.
[19] COSTA P Z,SOARES R.Neovascularization in diabetes and its complications.Unraveling the angiogenic paradox[J].Life Sci,2013,92(22):1037-1045.
[20] LIU Y W,ZUO P Y,ZHA X N,CHEN X L,ZHANG R,HE X X,et al.Octacosanol enhances the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells via activation of the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk pathways[J].Lipids,2015,50(3):241-251.
[2] SIVAGURUNATHAN S,RAMAN R,CHIDAMBARAM S.PIWI-like protein,HIWI2:A novel player in proliferative diabetic retinopathy[J].Exp Eye Res,2018,177:191-196.
[3] GUCCIARDO E,LOUKOVAARA S,KORHONEN A,REPO P,MARTINS B,VIHINEN H,et al.The microenvironment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy supports lymphatic neovascularization[J].J Pathol,2018,245(2):172-185.
[4] VOICULESCU O B,VOINEA L M,ALEXANDRESCU C.Corneal neovascularization and biological therapy[J].J Med Life,2015,8(4):444-448.
[5] DE BOCK K,GEORGIADOU M,SCHOORS S,KUCHNIO A,WONG B W,CANTELMO A R,et al.Role of PFKFB3-driven glycolysis in vessel sprouting[J].Cell,2013,154(3):651-663.
[6] XU Y,AN X,GUO X,HABTETSION T G,WANG Y,XU X,et al.Endothelial PFKFB3 plays a critical role in angiogenesis[J].Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol,2014,34(6):1231-1239.
[7] SCHOORS S,DE BOCK K,CANTELMO A R,GEORGIADOU M,GHESQUIERE B,CAUWENBERGHS S,et al.Partial and transient reduction of glycolysis by PFKFB3 blockade reduces pathological angiogenesis[J].Cell Metab,2014,19(1):37-48.
[8] TANG M.Expression and correlation analysis of PFKFB3 in vitreous and serum of patients with PDR[D].Southwest Medical University,2017.唐敏.PFKFB3在PDR患者玻璃体和血清中的表达及其相关性分析[D].西南医科大学,2017.
[9] TIAN M,YU X,LV H B.Expression of PFKFB3 and S1P2 in the retina of type 2 diabetic rats and the intervention effect of tBHQ[J].Rec Adv Ophthalmol,2018,38(2):131-135.田敏,余曦,吕红彬.PFKFB3、S1P2在2型糖尿病大鼠视网膜中的表达及tBHQ的干预作用[J].眼科新进展,2018,38(2):131-135.
[10] ROY S,KERN T S,SONG B,STUEBE C.Mechanistic insights into pathological changes in the diabetic retina:implications for targeting diabetic retinopathy[J].Am J Pathol,2017,187(1):9-19.
[11] EJAZ S,CHEKAROVA I,EJAZ A,SOHAIL A,LIM C W.Importance of pericytes and mechanisms of pericyte loss during diabetes retinopathy[J].Diabetes Obes Metab,2008,10(1):53-63.
[12] STITT A W,CURTIS T M,CHEN M,MEDINA R J,MCKAY G J,JENKINS A,et al.The progress in understanding and treatment of diabetic retinopathy[J].Prog Retin Eye Res,2016,51:156-186.
[13] RORRIGUEZ-GARCIA A,SAMSO P,FONTOVA P,SIMON-MOLAS H,MANZANO A,CASTANO E,et al.TGF-β1 targets Smad,p38 MAPK,and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways to induce PFKFB3 gene expression and glycolysis in glioblastoma cells[J].FEBS J,2017,284(20):3437-3454.
[14] CRUYS B,WONG B W,KUCHNIO A,VERDEGEM D,CANTELMO A R,CONRADI L C,et al.Glycolytic regulation of cell rearrangement in angiogenesis[J].Nat Commun,2016,7:12240.
[15] BARTRONS R,RODRIGUEZ-GARCIA A,SIMON-MOLAS H,CASTANO E,MANZANO A,NAVARRO-SABATE A,et al.The potential utility of PFKFB3 as a therapeutic target[J].Expert Opin Ther Targets,2018,22(8):659-674.
[16] ZHOU Y,YUAN J,QI C,SHAO X,MOU S,NI Z.Calcium dobesilate may alleviate diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction and inflammation[J].Mol Med Rep,2017,16(6):8635-8642.
[17] XING Y,LAI J,LIU X,ZHANG N,MING J,LIU H,et al.Netrin-1 restores cell injury and impaired angiogenesis in vascular endothelial cells upon high glucose by PI3K/AKT-eNOS[J].J Mol Endocrinol,2017,58(4):167-177.
[18] VARMA S,LAL B K,ZHENG R,BRESLIN J W,SAITO S,PAPPAS P J,et al.Hyperglycemia alters PI3k and Akt signaling and leads to endothelial cell proliferative dysfunction[J].Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol,2005,289(4):H1744-1751.
[19] COSTA P Z,SOARES R.Neovascularization in diabetes and its complications.Unraveling the angiogenic paradox[J].Life Sci,2013,92(22):1037-1045.
[20] LIU Y W,ZUO P Y,ZHA X N,CHEN X L,ZHANG R,HE X X,et al.Octacosanol enhances the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells via activation of the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/Erk pathways[J].Lipids,2015,50(3):241-251.