松辽盆地徐深气田火山岩气藏储量动用及开采特征
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摘要
大庆徐深气田火山岩天然气储量占到已开发地质储量的90.8%,是气田最主要的供气保障。随着开发的深入,火山岩气藏在产能与动态储量特征认识面临新的问题,影响气田的长远发展。从储层特征着手,结合气藏开发实践,多方法综合运用,阐述了火山岩气藏井控动态储量特点、增储方向、采收率特征、气井渗流以及产能特征。结论认为:①火山岩储层基质致密,其间分布高、低孔渗的储渗结构天然裂缝发育,可通过压裂缝沟通周围的孔隙和天然裂缝,形成相对高渗的主流区,主流区周围是以致密基质为主的补给区;②开发后先动用主流区储量,再逐步动用补给区储量,井控动态储量逐步增加;③压裂改造以后,在主流区提高了气井的初期产能,但补给区是气井长期的物质保障,当补给区补给量增加到最大能力后,将逐步下降,改善补给区致密基质渗透性有提高产能和增加采收率作用。
In Xushen gasfield, PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company, the gas reserves in volcanic rocks account for 90.8% of developed geological reserves. With field development, a long-term development is influenced by new problems occurred while investigating some characteristics of both production capacity and dynamic reserves. So, the features of well-control dynamic reserves, the trend of reserve increase, the characteristics of recovery factor, the well seepage, and the production capacity were expounded by using multiple methods and based on reservoir characteristics and development practice. Results show that(1) these volcanic-rock reservoirs are characterized by tight matrix, and reservoir-storage structures with high or low porosity and permeability, as well as developed natural fractures. However, pores may be connected with natural fractures through induced fractures to form the main flow area with relatively higher permeability. And around this area, tight matrix may serve as the main recharge area;(2) in the process of development, gas reserves in this flow area were produced firstly and then those in the recharge area were gained to gradually increase well-control dynamic reserves; and(3) after fracturing, an initial productivity was increased. However, the recharge area provides long-term material guarantee, and its recharging amount declines gradually after reaching the maximum, so raising the permeability of tight matrix in this recharge area is conducive to increasing production capacity and recovery factor.
In Xushen gasfield, PetroChina Daqing Oilfield Company, the gas reserves in volcanic rocks account for 90.8% of developed geological reserves. With field development, a long-term development is influenced by new problems occurred while investigating some characteristics of both production capacity and dynamic reserves. So, the features of well-control dynamic reserves, the trend of reserve increase, the characteristics of recovery factor, the well seepage, and the production capacity were expounded by using multiple methods and based on reservoir characteristics and development practice. Results show that(1) these volcanic-rock reservoirs are characterized by tight matrix, and reservoir-storage structures with high or low porosity and permeability, as well as developed natural fractures. However, pores may be connected with natural fractures through induced fractures to form the main flow area with relatively higher permeability. And around this area, tight matrix may serve as the main recharge area;(2) in the process of development, gas reserves in this flow area were produced firstly and then those in the recharge area were gained to gradually increase well-control dynamic reserves; and(3) after fracturing, an initial productivity was increased. However, the recharge area provides long-term material guarantee, and its recharging amount declines gradually after reaching the maximum, so raising the permeability of tight matrix in this recharge area is conducive to increasing production capacity and recovery factor.
引文
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[14]孙贺东.油气井现代产量递减分析方法及应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013.Sun Hedong.Advanced production decline analysis and application[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013.
[15]陈元千.油气藏工程计算方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.Cheng Yuanqian.Computational methods in petroleum reservoir engineering[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1994.
[16]毕建霞,姜贻伟,宋东勇.低渗透气藏提高采收率技术与实例分析[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2015.Bi Jianxia,Jiang Yiwei&Song Dongyong.Low permeability gas reservoirs to improve recovery efficiency technology and the case analysis[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2015.
[17]郭平,景莎莎,彭彩珍.气藏提高采收率技术及其对策[J].天然气工业,2014,34(2):48-55.Guo Ping,Jing Shasha&Peng Caizhen.Technology and countermeasures for gas recovery enhancement[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(2):48-55.
[2]冉启全,王拥军,孙圆辉,等.火山岩气藏储层表征技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.Ran Qiquan,Wang Yongjun,Sun Yuanhui,et al.Volcanic gas reservoir characterization technique[M].Beijing:Science Press,2011.
[3]徐正顺,王渝明,庞彦明,等.大庆徐深气田火山岩气藏储集层识别与评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(5):521-531.Xu Zhengshun,Wang Yuming,Pang Yanming,et al.Identification and evaluation of Xushen volcanic gas reservoirs in Daqing[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(5):521-531.
[4]庞彦明,章凤奇,邱红枫,等.酸性火山岩储层微观孔隙结构及物性参数特征[J].石油学报,2007,28(6):72-77.Pang Yanming,Zhang Fengqi,Qiu Hongfeng,et al.Characteristics of microscopic pore structure and physical property parameter in acidic volcanic reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(6):72-77.
[5]毕晓明,邵锐,唐亚会,等.火山岩气藏储集空间类型的动态描述及开发对策[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2011,30(2):75-79.Bi Xiaoming,Shao Rui,Tang Yahui,et al.Dynamic description of reservoir space type and development strategy for volcanic gas reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing,2011,30(2):75-79.
[6]毕晓明,张晔,邵锐.应用动态描述方法识别储层储渗结构特征[J].天然气勘探与开发,2011,34(4):46-49.Bi Xiaoming,Zhang Ye&Shao Rui.Dynamic identification method to recognize reservoir-seepage structure[J].Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2011,34(4):46-49.
[7]毕晓明,杨丰瑞.徐深气田火山岩气藏井控动态储量特征[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2015,34(4):60-64.Bi Xiaoming&Yang Fengrui.Characteristics of the well-controlled performance reserves of the volcanic-rock gas reservoirs in Xushen gasfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing,2015,34(4):60-64.
[8]毕晓明,王海燕.火山岩储层供气特征与开发规律[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2018,37(1):55-59.Bi Xiaoming&Wang Haiyan.Gas supply characteristics and development laws of the volcanic reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing,2018,37(1):55-59.
[9]李海平,任东,郭平,等.气藏工程手册[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2016.Li Haiping,Ren Dong,Guo Ping,et al.Natural gas engineering handbook[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2016.
[10]黄炳光,冉新权,李晓平.气藏工程分析方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.Huang Bingguang,Ran Xinquan&Li Xiaoping.Analytical methods in gas reservoir[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2004.
[11]李士伦,王鸣华,何江川.气田与凝析气田开发[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.Li Shilun,Wang Minghua&He Jiangchuan.Gas field and condensate gas field development[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2004.
[12]庄惠农.气藏动态描述和试井[M].2版.北京:石油工业出版社,2009.Zhuang Huinong.Dynamic description and well test of gas reservoir[M].2nd ed.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2009.
[13]李士伦.天然气工程[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003.Li Shilun.Natural gas engineering[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2003.
[14]孙贺东.油气井现代产量递减分析方法及应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2013.Sun Hedong.Advanced production decline analysis and application[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2013.
[15]陈元千.油气藏工程计算方法[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994.Cheng Yuanqian.Computational methods in petroleum reservoir engineering[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1994.
[16]毕建霞,姜贻伟,宋东勇.低渗透气藏提高采收率技术与实例分析[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2015.Bi Jianxia,Jiang Yiwei&Song Dongyong.Low permeability gas reservoirs to improve recovery efficiency technology and the case analysis[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2015.
[17]郭平,景莎莎,彭彩珍.气藏提高采收率技术及其对策[J].天然气工业,2014,34(2):48-55.Guo Ping,Jing Shasha&Peng Caizhen.Technology and countermeasures for gas recovery enhancement[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(2):48-55.
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