籽晶法定向凝固TiAl基合金片层取向控制
|
摘要
TiAl基合金是一种在航空航天等领域极具应用前景的轻质高温结构材料,通过控制TiAl基合金中片层取向可显著提升合金在单向受力条件下的综合力学性能。本文介绍了籽晶法定向凝固技术在TiAl基合金片层取向控制的最新进展,回顾了传统Ti-43Al-3Si籽晶法所面临的问题,重点总结了近年来新发展的二次定向凝固法、原位自籽晶定向凝固法、准籽晶定向凝固技术以及高熔点金属籽晶定向凝固技术,这些技术有利于促进籽晶法定向凝固控制TiAl基合金片层取向的工程化进展。但TiAl基合金中不同相的实际生长取向的持续稳定需要籽晶引晶与动力学条件的相结合才能得以实现,因此,新型籽晶技术与定向凝固工艺条件的互相结合将是未来籽晶法的发展趋势。
TiAl-based alloys will be potentially used as light-weight high temperature structural materials in aerospace industry. The comprehensive mechanical properties of TiAl-based alloys can be improved significantly when lamellar orientation is aligned parallel to principle stress. In this paper, the development of seeding technique in directionally solidified TiAl-based alloys is reviewed, including the traditional Ti-43 Al-3 Si seeding method and some novel seeding methods. Those methods mainly include the second directional solidification method, self-seeding technique, quasi-seeding technique and highmelting metal seeding technique. Those newly developed methods will promote the engineering applications of the lamellar structure controlling technology for TiAl-based alloys. However, the stable growth of different leading phase in its designed direction depends on the coupling of the seed and growth dynamic parameteres. How to discover the influence of the growth dynamic parameteres on the designed growth direction is a key problem.
TiAl-based alloys will be potentially used as light-weight high temperature structural materials in aerospace industry. The comprehensive mechanical properties of TiAl-based alloys can be improved significantly when lamellar orientation is aligned parallel to principle stress. In this paper, the development of seeding technique in directionally solidified TiAl-based alloys is reviewed, including the traditional Ti-43 Al-3 Si seeding method and some novel seeding methods. Those methods mainly include the second directional solidification method, self-seeding technique, quasi-seeding technique and highmelting metal seeding technique. Those newly developed methods will promote the engineering applications of the lamellar structure controlling technology for TiAl-based alloys. However, the stable growth of different leading phase in its designed direction depends on the coupling of the seed and growth dynamic parameteres. How to discover the influence of the growth dynamic parameteres on the designed growth direction is a key problem.
引文
[1]Yang R.Advances and challenges of Ti Al base alloys[J].Acta Metall.Sin.,2015,51:129(杨锐.钛铝金属间化合物的进展与挑战[J].金属学报,2015,51:129)
[2]Janschek P.Wrought Ti Al blades[J].Mater.Today:Proc.,2015,2(suppl.1):S92
[3]Gupta R K,Pant B,Sinha P P.Theory and practice of g+a2Ti aluminide:A review[J].Trans.Indian Inst.Met.,2014,67:143
[4]Clemens H,Mayer S.Intermetallic titanium aluminides in aerospace applications—Processing,microstructure and properties[J].Mater.High Temp.,2016,33:560
[5]Fan J L,Liu J X,Wu S,et al.Microstructure formation and interface characteristics of directionally solidified Ti Al-Si alloys in alumina crucibles with a new Y2O3skull-aided technology[J].Sci.Rep.,2017,7:45198
[6]Chen G L,Lin J P.Physical Metallurgy of Ordered Intermetallics Structure Materials[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1999:35(陈国良,林均品.有序金属间化合物结构材料物理金属学基础[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1999:35)
[7]Yamaguchi M,Johnson D R,Lee H N,et al.Directional solidification of Ti Al-base alloys[J].Intermetallics,2000,8:511
[8]Chen G,Peng Y B,Zheng G,et al.Polysynthetic twinned Ti Al single crystals for high-temperature applications[J].Nat.Mater.,2016,15:876
[9]Peng Y B,Chen F,Wang M Z,et al.Relationship between mechanical properties and lamellar orientation of PST crystals in Ti-45Al-8Nb alloys[J].Acta Metall.Sin.,2013,49:1457(彭英博,陈锋,王敏智等.Ti-45Al-8Nb合金PST晶体片层取向与力学性能的关系[J].金属学报,2013,49:1457)
[10]Johnson D R,Inui H,Muto S,et al.Microstructural development during directional solidification of a-seeded Ti Al alloys[J].Acta Mater.,2006,54:1077
[11]Kim S E,Lee Y T,Oh M H,et al.Directional solidification of Ti Al base alloys using a polycrystalline seed[J].Mater.Sci.Eng.,2002,A329-331:25
[12]Su Y Q,Liu T,Li X Z,et al.Lamellar orientation control in directionally solidified Ti Al intermetallics[J].China Foundry,2014,11:219
[13]Luo W Z,Shen J,Min Z X,et al.Lamellar orientation control in gTi Al alloys by directional solidification[J].Rare Met.Mater.Eng.,2009,38:1864(罗文忠,沈军,闵志先等.g-Ti Al合金中片层组织取向的控制[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38:1864)
[14]Luo W Z,Shen J,Li Q L,et al.Effects of growth rate on microstructure of directionally solidified Ti-43Al-3Si alloy with a seed technique[J].Acta Metall.Sin.,2006,42:1238(罗文忠,沈军,李庆林等.抽拉速率对Ti-43Al-3Si合金籽晶法定向凝固组织的影响[J].金属学报,2006,42:1238)
[15]Johnson D R,Inui H,Yamaguch M.Directional solidification and microstructural control of the Ti Al/Ti3Al lamellar microstructure in Ti Al-Si alloys[J].Acta Mater.,1996,44:2523
[16]Johnson D R,Masuda Y,Inui H,et al.Alignment of the Ti Al/Ti3Al lamellar microstructure in Ti Al alloys by growth from a seed material[J].Acta Mater.,1997,45:2523
[17]Du Y J.Frabication of lamellar microstructure of Ti Al alloys by electromagnetic confinement and its properties[D].Xi'an:Northwestern Polytechnical University,2015(杜玉俊.Ti Al合金定向片层组织电磁约束制备及力学性能[D].西安:西北工业大学,2015)
[18]Du Y J,Shen J,Xiong Y L,et al.Lamellar microstructure alignment and fracture toughness in Ti-47Al alloy by electromagnetic confinement and directional solidification[J].Mater.Sci.Eng.,2015,A621:94
[19]Luo W Z,Shen J,Min Z X,et al.Lamellar orientation control of Ti Al alloys under high temperature gradient with a Ti-43Al-3Si seed[J].J.Cryst.Growth,2008,310:5441
[20]Luo W Z,Shen J,Li Q L,et al.Preparation of aligned lamellar microstructure in Ti Al alloys by directional solidification with a seed technique[J].Acta Metall.Sin,2007,43:1287(罗文忠,沈军,李庆林等.Ti Al合金定向全片层组织的籽晶法制备[J].金属学报,2007,43:1287)
[21]Luo W Z,Shen J,Li Q L,et al.Microstructural evolution of Ti-47Al alloy during directional solidification by seeding method[J].Acta Metall.Sin.,2007,43:897(罗文忠,沈军,李庆林等.Ti-47Al合金籽晶法定向凝固过程中的组织演化[J].金属学报,2007,43:897)
[22]Liu T.Initial mushy zone evolution and microstructure controlling during directional solidification in Ti Al-based alloys[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2017(刘桐.定向凝固Ti Al基合金初始糊状区演变及微观组织控制[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2017)
[23]Ding X F,Lin J P,Zhang L Q,et al.Lamellar orientation control in a Ti-46Al-5Nb alloy by directional solidification[J].Scr.Mater.,2011,65:61
[24]Zhang L W,Lin J P,Ding X F,et al.Crystal orientation control in Ti Al-Nb alloys through a double directional solidification process[J].J.Alloys Compd.,2016,656:720
[25]Ding X F,Zhang L Q,Lin J P,et al.Microstructure control and mechanical properties of directionally solidified Ti Al-Nb alloys[J].Trans.Nonferrous Met.Soc.China,2012,22:747
[26]Ding X F,Lin J P,Zhang L Q,et al.Microstructural control of Ti Al-Nb alloys by directional solidification[J].Acta Mater.,2012,60:498
[27]Ding X F,Lin J P,Zhang L Q,et al.A closely-complete peritectic transformation during directional solidification of a Ti-45Al-8.5Nb alloy[J].Intermetallics,2011,19:1115
[28]Zhang C J,Xu D M,Fu H Z,et al.To eliminate the composition transient zone in directional solidification of Ti Al alloys[J].J.Cryst.Growth,2008,310:3604
[29]Zhang C J,Fu H Z,Xu D M,et al.Feasibility of integrated seed making and directional solidification of Ti Al alloy using cold crucible[J].Trans.Nonferrous Met.Soc.China,2009,19:330
[30]Zhang C J.Lamellar orientation control of directionally solidified g-Ti Al-based alloys[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2008(张成军.定向凝固g-Ti Al基合金片层取向控制[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2008)
[31]Fan J L.Microstructure evolution and lamellae orientation control of directionally solidified Ti-46Al-0.5W-0.5Si alloy[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2012(樊江磊.定向凝固Ti-46Al-0.5W-0.5Si合金组织演化及层片取向控制[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012)
[32]Liu D M,Li X Z,Su Y Q,et al.Microstructure evolution in directionally solidified Ti-(50,52)at%Al alloys[J].Intermetallics,2011,19:175
[33]Liu G H,Wang Z D,Li X Z,et al.Continued growth controlling of the non-preferred primary phase for the parallel lamellar structure in directionally solidified Ti-50Al-4Nb alloy[J].J.Alloys Compd.,2015,632:152
[34]Liu G H,Li T R,Fu T L,et al.Morphology and competitive growth during the development of the parallel lamellar structure by self-seeding in directionally solidified Ti-50Al-4Nb alloy[J].J.Alloys Compd.,2016,682:601
[35]Liu T,Luo L S,Zhang D H,et al.Comparison of microstructures and mechanical properties of as-cast and directionally solidified Ti-47Al-1W-0.5Si alloy[J].J.Alloys Compd.,2016,682:663
[36]Li X Z,Fan J L,Su Y Q,et al.Lamellar orientation and growth direction of a phase in directionally solidified Ti-46Al-0.5W-0.5Si alloy[J].Intermetallics,2012,27:38
[37]Du Y J,Shen J,Xiong Y L,et al.Determining the effects of growth velocity on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-47Al alloy using electromagnetic confinement and directional solidification[J].JOM,2014,66:1914
[38]Du Y J,Shen J,Xiong Y L,et al.Lamellar microstructure alignment in Ti-47Al alloy by electromagnetic confinement and directional solidification using a seed[J].JOM,2015,67:1258
[39]Du Y J,Shen J,Xiong Y L,et al.Stability of lamellar microstructures in a Ti-48Al-2Nb-2Cr alloy during heat treatment and its application to lamellae alignment as a quasi-seed[J].Intermetallics,2015,61:80
[40]Liu T,Luo L S,Su Y Q,et al.Lamellar orientation control of Ti-47Al-0.5W-0.5Si by directional solidification using b seeding technique[J].Intermetallics,2016,73:1
[2]Janschek P.Wrought Ti Al blades[J].Mater.Today:Proc.,2015,2(suppl.1):S92
[3]Gupta R K,Pant B,Sinha P P.Theory and practice of g+a2Ti aluminide:A review[J].Trans.Indian Inst.Met.,2014,67:143
[4]Clemens H,Mayer S.Intermetallic titanium aluminides in aerospace applications—Processing,microstructure and properties[J].Mater.High Temp.,2016,33:560
[5]Fan J L,Liu J X,Wu S,et al.Microstructure formation and interface characteristics of directionally solidified Ti Al-Si alloys in alumina crucibles with a new Y2O3skull-aided technology[J].Sci.Rep.,2017,7:45198
[6]Chen G L,Lin J P.Physical Metallurgy of Ordered Intermetallics Structure Materials[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,1999:35(陈国良,林均品.有序金属间化合物结构材料物理金属学基础[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,1999:35)
[7]Yamaguchi M,Johnson D R,Lee H N,et al.Directional solidification of Ti Al-base alloys[J].Intermetallics,2000,8:511
[8]Chen G,Peng Y B,Zheng G,et al.Polysynthetic twinned Ti Al single crystals for high-temperature applications[J].Nat.Mater.,2016,15:876
[9]Peng Y B,Chen F,Wang M Z,et al.Relationship between mechanical properties and lamellar orientation of PST crystals in Ti-45Al-8Nb alloys[J].Acta Metall.Sin.,2013,49:1457(彭英博,陈锋,王敏智等.Ti-45Al-8Nb合金PST晶体片层取向与力学性能的关系[J].金属学报,2013,49:1457)
[10]Johnson D R,Inui H,Muto S,et al.Microstructural development during directional solidification of a-seeded Ti Al alloys[J].Acta Mater.,2006,54:1077
[11]Kim S E,Lee Y T,Oh M H,et al.Directional solidification of Ti Al base alloys using a polycrystalline seed[J].Mater.Sci.Eng.,2002,A329-331:25
[12]Su Y Q,Liu T,Li X Z,et al.Lamellar orientation control in directionally solidified Ti Al intermetallics[J].China Foundry,2014,11:219
[13]Luo W Z,Shen J,Min Z X,et al.Lamellar orientation control in gTi Al alloys by directional solidification[J].Rare Met.Mater.Eng.,2009,38:1864(罗文忠,沈军,闵志先等.g-Ti Al合金中片层组织取向的控制[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2009,38:1864)
[14]Luo W Z,Shen J,Li Q L,et al.Effects of growth rate on microstructure of directionally solidified Ti-43Al-3Si alloy with a seed technique[J].Acta Metall.Sin.,2006,42:1238(罗文忠,沈军,李庆林等.抽拉速率对Ti-43Al-3Si合金籽晶法定向凝固组织的影响[J].金属学报,2006,42:1238)
[15]Johnson D R,Inui H,Yamaguch M.Directional solidification and microstructural control of the Ti Al/Ti3Al lamellar microstructure in Ti Al-Si alloys[J].Acta Mater.,1996,44:2523
[16]Johnson D R,Masuda Y,Inui H,et al.Alignment of the Ti Al/Ti3Al lamellar microstructure in Ti Al alloys by growth from a seed material[J].Acta Mater.,1997,45:2523
[17]Du Y J.Frabication of lamellar microstructure of Ti Al alloys by electromagnetic confinement and its properties[D].Xi'an:Northwestern Polytechnical University,2015(杜玉俊.Ti Al合金定向片层组织电磁约束制备及力学性能[D].西安:西北工业大学,2015)
[18]Du Y J,Shen J,Xiong Y L,et al.Lamellar microstructure alignment and fracture toughness in Ti-47Al alloy by electromagnetic confinement and directional solidification[J].Mater.Sci.Eng.,2015,A621:94
[19]Luo W Z,Shen J,Min Z X,et al.Lamellar orientation control of Ti Al alloys under high temperature gradient with a Ti-43Al-3Si seed[J].J.Cryst.Growth,2008,310:5441
[20]Luo W Z,Shen J,Li Q L,et al.Preparation of aligned lamellar microstructure in Ti Al alloys by directional solidification with a seed technique[J].Acta Metall.Sin,2007,43:1287(罗文忠,沈军,李庆林等.Ti Al合金定向全片层组织的籽晶法制备[J].金属学报,2007,43:1287)
[21]Luo W Z,Shen J,Li Q L,et al.Microstructural evolution of Ti-47Al alloy during directional solidification by seeding method[J].Acta Metall.Sin.,2007,43:897(罗文忠,沈军,李庆林等.Ti-47Al合金籽晶法定向凝固过程中的组织演化[J].金属学报,2007,43:897)
[22]Liu T.Initial mushy zone evolution and microstructure controlling during directional solidification in Ti Al-based alloys[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2017(刘桐.定向凝固Ti Al基合金初始糊状区演变及微观组织控制[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2017)
[23]Ding X F,Lin J P,Zhang L Q,et al.Lamellar orientation control in a Ti-46Al-5Nb alloy by directional solidification[J].Scr.Mater.,2011,65:61
[24]Zhang L W,Lin J P,Ding X F,et al.Crystal orientation control in Ti Al-Nb alloys through a double directional solidification process[J].J.Alloys Compd.,2016,656:720
[25]Ding X F,Zhang L Q,Lin J P,et al.Microstructure control and mechanical properties of directionally solidified Ti Al-Nb alloys[J].Trans.Nonferrous Met.Soc.China,2012,22:747
[26]Ding X F,Lin J P,Zhang L Q,et al.Microstructural control of Ti Al-Nb alloys by directional solidification[J].Acta Mater.,2012,60:498
[27]Ding X F,Lin J P,Zhang L Q,et al.A closely-complete peritectic transformation during directional solidification of a Ti-45Al-8.5Nb alloy[J].Intermetallics,2011,19:1115
[28]Zhang C J,Xu D M,Fu H Z,et al.To eliminate the composition transient zone in directional solidification of Ti Al alloys[J].J.Cryst.Growth,2008,310:3604
[29]Zhang C J,Fu H Z,Xu D M,et al.Feasibility of integrated seed making and directional solidification of Ti Al alloy using cold crucible[J].Trans.Nonferrous Met.Soc.China,2009,19:330
[30]Zhang C J.Lamellar orientation control of directionally solidified g-Ti Al-based alloys[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2008(张成军.定向凝固g-Ti Al基合金片层取向控制[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2008)
[31]Fan J L.Microstructure evolution and lamellae orientation control of directionally solidified Ti-46Al-0.5W-0.5Si alloy[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2012(樊江磊.定向凝固Ti-46Al-0.5W-0.5Si合金组织演化及层片取向控制[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012)
[32]Liu D M,Li X Z,Su Y Q,et al.Microstructure evolution in directionally solidified Ti-(50,52)at%Al alloys[J].Intermetallics,2011,19:175
[33]Liu G H,Wang Z D,Li X Z,et al.Continued growth controlling of the non-preferred primary phase for the parallel lamellar structure in directionally solidified Ti-50Al-4Nb alloy[J].J.Alloys Compd.,2015,632:152
[34]Liu G H,Li T R,Fu T L,et al.Morphology and competitive growth during the development of the parallel lamellar structure by self-seeding in directionally solidified Ti-50Al-4Nb alloy[J].J.Alloys Compd.,2016,682:601
[35]Liu T,Luo L S,Zhang D H,et al.Comparison of microstructures and mechanical properties of as-cast and directionally solidified Ti-47Al-1W-0.5Si alloy[J].J.Alloys Compd.,2016,682:663
[36]Li X Z,Fan J L,Su Y Q,et al.Lamellar orientation and growth direction of a phase in directionally solidified Ti-46Al-0.5W-0.5Si alloy[J].Intermetallics,2012,27:38
[37]Du Y J,Shen J,Xiong Y L,et al.Determining the effects of growth velocity on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-47Al alloy using electromagnetic confinement and directional solidification[J].JOM,2014,66:1914
[38]Du Y J,Shen J,Xiong Y L,et al.Lamellar microstructure alignment in Ti-47Al alloy by electromagnetic confinement and directional solidification using a seed[J].JOM,2015,67:1258
[39]Du Y J,Shen J,Xiong Y L,et al.Stability of lamellar microstructures in a Ti-48Al-2Nb-2Cr alloy during heat treatment and its application to lamellae alignment as a quasi-seed[J].Intermetallics,2015,61:80
[40]Liu T,Luo L S,Su Y Q,et al.Lamellar orientation control of Ti-47Al-0.5W-0.5Si by directional solidification using b seeding technique[J].Intermetallics,2016,73:1
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |