甘蔗健康种苗原苗提前移栽对田间繁育的影响
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摘要
以正常7～10叶龄移栽为对照,以4叶龄提前移栽为处理,比较原种健康种苗生产成本、前期长势、分蘖、有效茎数等性状的差异,为甘蔗健康种苗大田繁育节约生产成本和出苗时间提供新技术。研究结果表明,甘蔗健康种苗原苗提前移栽法具有较多优点,节约约60%的生产成本,缩短大田移栽提前培育时间30～45 d,群体长势均匀,主苗与分蘖苗差异不明显且数量高于对照,同时,便于运输,但移栽前期对水分要求较高;株高、茎径、有效茎数、蔗茎芽数、单茎重均比对照有所提高,提高幅度在0.60%～6.59%之间;蔗种产量和扩繁量均显著高于对照,原因是分蘖、株高、蔗茎芽数、有效茎等多方面的提高共同导致这个现象。甘蔗健康种苗原苗提前移栽法综合效果优于常规方法,推广前景巨大,但要保证前期水分供应。
Taking normal transplanting(7-10 leaves) as control, the virus-free sugarcane seedlings were transplanted at the age of approximately 4 leaves. The production costs, early growth vigor, tillers, and millable stalks were compared with the control. The results indicated a range of advantages of transplanting earlier including saving 60% of production costs, shortening 30-45 d for field transplanting, being convenient for transportation, and no obvious difference among main shoots and tillers, and significantly greater amounts of main shoots and tillers. The only disadvantage was higher requirement for carefully water supply in early growth period. The plant height, stalkdiameter, millable stalks, buds per stalk and single stalk weight were greater than the control by a range of 0.60%-6.59%. The final propagated amount and cane yield were significantly higher than the control because of the comprehensively better performance in tillers, plant height, buds per stalk and millable stalks. Transplanting virus-free seedlings earlier was superior to normal practices, and should be a promising method on the condition that careful water was supplied at earlier stage.
Taking normal transplanting(7-10 leaves) as control, the virus-free sugarcane seedlings were transplanted at the age of approximately 4 leaves. The production costs, early growth vigor, tillers, and millable stalks were compared with the control. The results indicated a range of advantages of transplanting earlier including saving 60% of production costs, shortening 30-45 d for field transplanting, being convenient for transportation, and no obvious difference among main shoots and tillers, and significantly greater amounts of main shoots and tillers. The only disadvantage was higher requirement for carefully water supply in early growth period. The plant height, stalkdiameter, millable stalks, buds per stalk and single stalk weight were greater than the control by a range of 0.60%-6.59%. The final propagated amount and cane yield were significantly higher than the control because of the comprehensively better performance in tillers, plant height, buds per stalk and millable stalks. Transplanting virus-free seedlings earlier was superior to normal practices, and should be a promising method on the condition that careful water was supplied at earlier stage.
引文
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[2]李杨瑞,杨丽涛.20世纪90年代以来我国甘蔗产业和科技的新发展[J].西南农业学报,2009,22(5):1469-1476.
[3]粟定成.关于提升广西甘蔗产业的几点思考[J].大众科技,2011(12):144-146.
[4]李小玲.广西优质高产甘蔗生产若干问题与对策[J].沿海企业与科技,2011(8):55-57.
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[6]蔡文伟,杨本鹏,武媛丽,等.甘蔗脱毒健康种苗田间繁育技术研究[J].热带作物学报,2016,37(4):653-659.
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[9]汪淼,方锋学,何为中,等.外源激素处理对甘蔗试管苗瓶外生根的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(16):8833-8835.
[10]范业赓,陈忠良,刘红坚,等.甘蔗无根试管苗移栽生根过程中内源激素和POD活性变化的研究[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(3):15-17,31.
[11]何为中,汪淼,刘红坚,等.赤霉素(GA3)处理对甘蔗试管苗瓶外生根的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(4):2059-2060.
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[14]Mordocco A M,Brumbley J A,Lakshmanan P.Development of a temporary immersion system(RITA)for mass production of sugarcane(Saccharum spp.interspecific hybrids)[J].In Vitro Cell Dev Biol-Plant,2009,45(4):450-457.
[15]Yang L,Zambrano Y,Hu C J.Sugarcane metabolites produced in CO2-rich temporary immersion bioreactors(TIBs)induce tomato(Lycopersicum esculentum)resistance against bacterial wilt(Ralstonia solanacearum)[J].In Vitro Cell Dev Biol-Plant,2010,46(6):558-568.
[16]李松,余坤兴,刘丽敏,等.种植密度对甘蔗脱毒组培苗生长繁育速度的影响[J].中国种业,2010,29(S1):48-50.
[17]林希昊,苏俊波,刘洋,等.甘蔗脱毒健康种苗田间繁育关键技术[J].热带农业科学,2011,31(8):17-19.
[18]蒋亚琴,唐利球,唐君海,等.甘蔗脱毒健康种苗假植苗圃扩繁密度初探[J].中国热带农业,2015,65(4):95-97.
[19]游建华,曾慧,李松,等.甘蔗脱毒健康种苗田间比较试验[J].中国糖料,2005,27(2):12-15.
[20]沈万宽,郑学文,陈仲华,等.甘蔗健康种苗田间评价试验结果分析[J].西南农业学报,2009,22(4):913-915.
[21]邓展云,刘海斌,方锋学,等.几个甘蔗新品种的健康种苗对比试验[J].中国糖料,2010,32(4):19-20,28.
[22]杨绍聪,吉学进,单红丽,等.甘蔗温水脱毒健康种苗田间栽培增产效果[J].中国糖料,2012,34(4):24-26.
[23]何为中,范业赓,刘红坚,等.甘蔗健康组培苗后代主要农艺性状的田间表现研究[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(14):30-32.
[24]李恒锐.甘蔗脱毒与非脱毒种苗田间比较试验[J].中国糖料,2014,36(1):42-43,39.
[25]何洪良,罗晟昇,唐利球,等.甘蔗新品种在桂西南地区的适应性表现[J].中国热带农业,2015(3):86-88.
[26]梁永检,张小秋,杨柳,等.甘蔗健康种苗繁育技术研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2014(11):91-96.
[27]游建华,樊保宁,韦昌联.甘蔗脱毒健康种苗生产及繁殖技术[J].中国种业,2008(9):50.
[2]李杨瑞,杨丽涛.20世纪90年代以来我国甘蔗产业和科技的新发展[J].西南农业学报,2009,22(5):1469-1476.
[3]粟定成.关于提升广西甘蔗产业的几点思考[J].大众科技,2011(12):144-146.
[4]李小玲.广西优质高产甘蔗生产若干问题与对策[J].沿海企业与科技,2011(8):55-57.
[5]杨本鹏,张树珍,蔡文伟,等.甘蔗健康种苗田间栽培主要农艺性状比较[J].热带作物学报,2010,31(2):171-175.
[6]蔡文伟,杨本鹏,武媛丽,等.甘蔗脱毒健康种苗田间繁育技术研究[J].热带作物学报,2016,37(4):653-659.
[7]何为中,陈引芝,刘红坚,等.甘蔗试管苗瓶外生根技术的研究[J].西南农业学报,2012,25(6):2117-2120.
[8]何为中,范业赓,刘丽敏,等.甘蔗试管苗光合自养生根技术研究[J].广西植物,2018.http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/45.1134.Q.20180109.1646.004.html.
[9]汪淼,方锋学,何为中,等.外源激素处理对甘蔗试管苗瓶外生根的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(16):8833-8835.
[10]范业赓,陈忠良,刘红坚,等.甘蔗无根试管苗移栽生根过程中内源激素和POD活性变化的研究[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(3):15-17,31.
[11]何为中,汪淼,刘红坚,等.赤霉素(GA3)处理对甘蔗试管苗瓶外生根的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2011,39(4):2059-2060.
[12]Lorenzo J C,González B L,Escalona M,et al.Sugarcane shoot formation in an improved temporary immersion system[J].Plant Cell,Tissue and Organ Culture,2001,54(3):197-200.
[13]Bernal A,Machado P,Cortegaza L,et al.Priming and biopriming integrated into the sugarcane micropropagation technology by Temporary Immersion Bioreactors(TIBs)[J].Sugar Tech,2008,10(1):42-47.
[14]Mordocco A M,Brumbley J A,Lakshmanan P.Development of a temporary immersion system(RITA)for mass production of sugarcane(Saccharum spp.interspecific hybrids)[J].In Vitro Cell Dev Biol-Plant,2009,45(4):450-457.
[15]Yang L,Zambrano Y,Hu C J.Sugarcane metabolites produced in CO2-rich temporary immersion bioreactors(TIBs)induce tomato(Lycopersicum esculentum)resistance against bacterial wilt(Ralstonia solanacearum)[J].In Vitro Cell Dev Biol-Plant,2010,46(6):558-568.
[16]李松,余坤兴,刘丽敏,等.种植密度对甘蔗脱毒组培苗生长繁育速度的影响[J].中国种业,2010,29(S1):48-50.
[17]林希昊,苏俊波,刘洋,等.甘蔗脱毒健康种苗田间繁育关键技术[J].热带农业科学,2011,31(8):17-19.
[18]蒋亚琴,唐利球,唐君海,等.甘蔗脱毒健康种苗假植苗圃扩繁密度初探[J].中国热带农业,2015,65(4):95-97.
[19]游建华,曾慧,李松,等.甘蔗脱毒健康种苗田间比较试验[J].中国糖料,2005,27(2):12-15.
[20]沈万宽,郑学文,陈仲华,等.甘蔗健康种苗田间评价试验结果分析[J].西南农业学报,2009,22(4):913-915.
[21]邓展云,刘海斌,方锋学,等.几个甘蔗新品种的健康种苗对比试验[J].中国糖料,2010,32(4):19-20,28.
[22]杨绍聪,吉学进,单红丽,等.甘蔗温水脱毒健康种苗田间栽培增产效果[J].中国糖料,2012,34(4):24-26.
[23]何为中,范业赓,刘红坚,等.甘蔗健康组培苗后代主要农艺性状的田间表现研究[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(14):30-32.
[24]李恒锐.甘蔗脱毒与非脱毒种苗田间比较试验[J].中国糖料,2014,36(1):42-43,39.
[25]何洪良,罗晟昇,唐利球,等.甘蔗新品种在桂西南地区的适应性表现[J].中国热带农业,2015(3):86-88.
[26]梁永检,张小秋,杨柳,等.甘蔗健康种苗繁育技术研究进展[J].生物技术通报,2014(11):91-96.
[27]游建华,樊保宁,韦昌联.甘蔗脱毒健康种苗生产及繁殖技术[J].中国种业,2008(9):50.