7种兰属种质表型性状遗传多样性分析
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摘要
为了解兰属种质间的亲缘关系,提高兰属种质的利用效率,从43个形态特征对7种280份兰属种质进行了遗传变异分析、主成分分析及聚类分析。结果表明,兰属种质表型多样性丰富,数量性状变异程度高,种间平均变异系数(CV值)在13.17%~38.89%之间,其中春兰多样性最为丰富,各性状变异系数均在20%以上。质量性状Shannon-Weaver多样性指数(I)种间平均在0.10~1.69之间,其中I值最小的是花被片数量,最大的是花的主色及花瓣主色;种内以大花蕙兰各性状I值较大,其次是春兰,多样性丰富;墨兰种内稳定性较好。所有种质唇瓣以有斑点、无条纹占多数;萼片以无斑点居多。主成分分析筛选出对总体方差累计贡献率达89.407%的4个主成分,可反映7种兰属种质的总体形态表现。在卡方距离3.73处可分为两大类,一类包含大花蕙兰和杂交兰;其余5种国兰聚为第二类;春兰和蕙兰种间距离最短,其次是杂交兰和大花蕙兰。本研究为兰属种质间的亲缘关系提供了理论依据。
In order to understand the relationship among Cymbidium germplasms and improve the use efficiency of Cymbidium, genetic variation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were conducted on 43 phenotypic traits of 280 Cymbidium individuals belonging to 7 Cymbidium germplasm. The results showed that the phenotypic diversity of Cymbidium germplasms was rich and the variation of quantitative characters was high. The interspecific average variation coefficient(CV) ranged from 13.17% to 38.89%, and the highest value of CV was detected in C. goeringii, in which the variation coefficient of each character was higher than 20%. The interspecific average Shannon-Weaver indexes(I) ranged from 0.10 to 1.69, among which the lowest value presented in tepal number, and the highest value presented in main color of flower and petal. The highest value of Shannon-Weaver indexes within species was detected in C. hybridum, followed by C. goeringii, and the lowest was in C. sinense.Among all germplasms, most accessions had spots but no stripes on the lip, while most sepals had no spots. Four principal components were screened using PCA based on the variance cumulative contribution rate of 89.407%,which could reflect the integral phenotype of 7 species of Cymbidium. Based on cluster analysis, all the accessions were classified into two major groups at the 3.73 level(Chi-square distance): the first category included C. hybridum and hybrid Cymbidium, and the second category included other 5 species. The shortest genetic distance was between C. goeringii and C. faberi, followed by the one between hybrid Cymbidium and C. hybridum.This experimentcould provide a theoretical basis for the study of the genetic relationship among C. hybridum germplasms.
In order to understand the relationship among Cymbidium germplasms and improve the use efficiency of Cymbidium, genetic variation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were conducted on 43 phenotypic traits of 280 Cymbidium individuals belonging to 7 Cymbidium germplasm. The results showed that the phenotypic diversity of Cymbidium germplasms was rich and the variation of quantitative characters was high. The interspecific average variation coefficient(CV) ranged from 13.17% to 38.89%, and the highest value of CV was detected in C. goeringii, in which the variation coefficient of each character was higher than 20%. The interspecific average Shannon-Weaver indexes(I) ranged from 0.10 to 1.69, among which the lowest value presented in tepal number, and the highest value presented in main color of flower and petal. The highest value of Shannon-Weaver indexes within species was detected in C. hybridum, followed by C. goeringii, and the lowest was in C. sinense.Among all germplasms, most accessions had spots but no stripes on the lip, while most sepals had no spots. Four principal components were screened using PCA based on the variance cumulative contribution rate of 89.407%,which could reflect the integral phenotype of 7 species of Cymbidium. Based on cluster analysis, all the accessions were classified into two major groups at the 3.73 level(Chi-square distance): the first category included C. hybridum and hybrid Cymbidium, and the second category included other 5 species. The shortest genetic distance was between C. goeringii and C. faberi, followed by the one between hybrid Cymbidium and C. hybridum.This experimentcould provide a theoretical basis for the study of the genetic relationship among C. hybridum germplasms.
引文
Dai P.H.,Sun J.L.,He S.P.,Wang L.R.,Jia Y.H.,Pan Z.E.,Pang B.Y.,Du X.M.,and Wang M.,2016,Comprehensive evaluation and genetic diversity analysis of phenotypic traits of core collection in upland cotton,Zhongguo Nongye Kexue(Scientia Agricultura Sinica),49(19):3694-3708(代攀虹,孙君灵,何守朴,王立如,贾银华,潘兆娥,庞保印,杜雄明,王谧,2016,陆地棉核心种质表型性状遗传多样性分析及综合评价,中国农业科学,49(19):3694-3708)
Duan Y.L.,Fan Y.R.,Ao S.Y.,Ning H.J.,and Guo Y.N.,2014,Analysis on phenotypic character diversity of Cymbidium kanran germplasm resources,Zhongguo Nongxue Tongbao(Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin),30(16):143-147(段艳皊,范义荣,敖素燕,宁惠娟,郭雨楠,2014,寒兰种质资源表型性状多样性分析,中国农学通报,30(16):143-147)
Fu Q.J.,Li C.N.,Chen Y.,Sun Y.,and Zhao F.K.,2015a,Genetic diversity analysis of Tagetes patula germplasm based on phenotypic traits,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),16(5):1117-1122(傅巧娟,李春楠,陈一,孙瑶,赵福康,2015a,基于表型性状的孔雀草种质遗传多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,16(5):1117-1122)
Fu Q.J.,Li C.N.,Chen Y.,Zhao F.K.,and Sun Y.,2015b,Phenotypic diversity analysis of major variaties of Salvia splendens in China,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),16(2):294-299(傅巧娟,李春楠,陈一,赵福康,孙瑶,2015b,我国主栽一串红资源的表型多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,16(2):294-299)
He R.F.,Chen Z.,Jiang M.Y.,Zhou S.T.Ying Q.C.,Feng S.G.,and Wang H.Z.,2015,On the core collection establishment of Cymbidium genetic resources,Hangzhou Shifan Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Hangzhou Normal University),14(2):202-209(何仁锋,陈喆,姜梦莹,周淑婷,应奇才,冯尚国,王慧中,2015,兰属植物遗传资源核心种质构建探讨,杭州师范大学学报,14(2):202-209)
Hu J.B.,Ma S.W.,Jian Z.H.,Wang J.M.,Li Q.,and Su Y.,2013,Analysis of genetic diversity of Chinese melon(Cucumis melo L.)germplasm resources based on morphological characters,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),14(4):612-619(胡建斌,马双武,简在海,王吉明,李琼,苏艳,2013,中国甜瓜种质资源形态性状遗传多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,14(4):612-619)
Hu Y.,Li Y.,Huang Y.Z.,and Liu P.W.,2016,Genetic diversity evaluation of sugarcane varieties using SSR and RAPD markers,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(9):2494-2503(胡杨,李赟,黄有总,刘平武,2016,利用SSR与RAPD分子标记评估甘蔗品种的遗传多样性,基因组学与应用生物学,35(9):2494-2503)
Jiang Y.,He J.R.,Liu F.,Wang H.E.,Zhuo B.P.,and Tang K.L.,2013,Genetic polymorphism analysis by sequence-related amplified polymorphism in Chinese Cymbidium,Xi'nan Nongye Xuebao(Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences),26(4):1645-1648(蒋彧,何俊蓉,刘菲,王海娥,卓碧萍,唐可玲,2013,中国兰遗传多样性的SRAP分析,西南农业学报,26(4):1645-1648)
Li Y.P.,Luo F.X.,and Xue T.T.,2014,Studies on cross-compatibility of interspecific crossing Cymbidium,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica),34(7):1339-1344(李玉萍,罗凤霞,薛婷婷,2014,兰属植物种间杂交亲和性研究,西北植物学报,34(7):1339-1344)
Niu T.,Zhang L.,Wang H.X.,Li C.X.,Nie S.,Zhu C.C.,and Wang C.X.,2014,Genetic diversity analysis of Cymbidium goeringii's g ermplasm resources based on SRAP markers,Nongxue Xuebao(Journal of Agriculture),4(8):53-58(牛田,张林,王厚新,李承秀,聂硕,朱翠翠,王长宪,2014,利用SRAP标记分析春兰种质资源遗传多样性,农学学报,4(8):53-58)
Shi J.L.,Chen X.Z.,Huang Z.A.,Wang Y.,Wang K.L.,and Xu J.,2016,Genetic diversity evaluation on main agronomic traitsin south China ecotypic cucumber,Henongxue Bao(Journalof Nuclear Agricultural Sciences),30(10):1914-1924(史建磊,陈先知,黄宗安,王燕,王克磊,徐坚,2016,华南型黄瓜主要农艺性状遗传多样性评价,核农学报,30(10):1914-1924)
Wang H.Z.,Wang Y.D.,Zhou X.Y.,Ying Q.C.,and Zheng K.L.,2004,Analysis of genetic dirersity of 14 species of Cymbidium based on RAPDs and AFLPs,Shiyan Shengwu Xuebao(Acta Biologiae Experimentalis Sinica),37(6):482-486(王慧中,王玉东,周晓云,应奇才,郑康乐,2004,兰属14种植物遗传多样性RAPD及AFLP分析,实验生物学报,37(6):482-486)
Wang R.,He Z.C.,Fang X.M.,Chen D.L.,Wang Q.,Meng J.S.,and Zhao D.Q.,2016,Analysis of phenotypic diversity of Paeonia lactiflora cultivars in Yangzhou,Zhiwu Kexue Xuebao(Plant Science Journal),34(6):901-908(王荣,何智冲,方学敏,陈丹荔,王琦,孟家松,赵大球,2016,扬州芍药栽培品种表型多样性分析,植物科学学报,34(6):901-908)
Wang X.Y.,and Wang C.X.,2014,Genetic diversity analysis of Cymbidium cultivars by AFLP molecular markers,Nongxue Xuebao(Journal of Agriculture),4(10):69-72(王晓英,王长宪,2014,兰属品种间遗传多样性的AFLP分析,农学学报,4(10):69-72)
Wang X.Y.,Zhang L.,Li C.X.,Zhao J.W.,Wang Z.H.,and Wang C.X.,2015,Genetic diversity analysis of 51 Cymbidium goeringii cultivars by AFLP Markers,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),16(3):653-658(王晓英,张林,李承秀,赵建文,王郑昊,王长宪,2015,51个春兰(Cymbidium goeringii)品种的AFLP遗传多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,16(3):653-658
Wang Y.S.,Hou B.X.,Suo Z.L.,Liu T.H.,Chen L.J.,and Yang X.J.,2015,Phenotypic diversity of Lagerstroemia indica cultivars,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),16(1):71-79(王业社,侯伯鑫,索志立,刘桃花,陈立军,杨贤均,2015,紫薇品种表型多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,16(1):71-79)
Wen L.,Ye Q.S.,Wang X.Q.,and Pan R.C.,2001,Analysis of relationship among Cymbidium cultivars using RAPD,Yingyong Yu Huanjingshengwu Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied&Environmental Biology),7(1):29-32(文李,叶庆生,王小菁,潘瑞炽,2001,利用RAPD技术分析兰属(Cym-bidium)品种间的亲缘关系,应用与环境生物学报,7(1):29-32)
Wu Z.X.,Wang H.Z.,Shi N.N.,and Zhao Y.,2008,The genetic diversity of Cymbidium by ISSR,Yichuan(Hereditas),30(5):627-632(吴振兴,王慧中,施农农,赵艳,2008,兰属Cymbidium植物ISSR遗传多样性分析,遗传,30(5):627-632)
Xia B.B.,Li Y.,Wang H.M.,Li T.,Xu X.W.,and Wu Z.M.,2017,Cluster analysis of morphological traits of hot pepper(Molecular Plant Breeding),15(8):3318-3330(夏碧波,李颖,王恒明,李涛,徐小万,吴智明,2017,国外引进辣椒资源形态学性状的聚类分析,分子植物育种,15(8):3318-3330)
Xie W.,Yue C.Y.,Lin Z.,Cheng F.,He Z.Q.,and Yao W.,2005,Genetic relationship analysis of Cymbidium cultivars using RAPD,Jiangsu Nongye Xuebao(Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Science),21(4):369-373(谢伟,乐超银,林直,程凡,何正权,姚伟,2005,兰属品种的RAPD鉴定和亲缘关系分析,江苏农业学报,21(4):369-373)
Xu X.W.,Jiang N.,Yang J.B.,Yang Y.P.,and Wang L.F.,2011,Analysis of genetic diversity and relation of Cymbidium kanran lines using SSR markers,Henongxue Bao(Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences),25(6):1135-1141(徐晓薇,江南,杨俊波,杨燕萍,王丽芳,2011,寒兰株系间遗传多样性和亲缘关系SSR分子标记分析,核农学报,25(6):1135-1141)
Yang S.C.,Xu S.Z.,Wen G.S.,Liu Y.G.,and Xiao F.H.,2008,Phenotypic diversity of populations in germplasm resources of Erigeron breviscapus,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica),28(8):1573-1579(杨生超,徐绍忠,文国松,刘有贵,萧凤回,2008,灯盏花种质资源群体表型多样性研究,西北植物学报,28(8):1573-1579)
Yang T.T.,Yu Z.Q.,Xia L.H.,Yang Y.,and Wang R.Z.,2014,Cluster analysis based on morphological traits of dateplum(Diospyros lotus)germplasm resources,Guoshu Xuebao(Journal of Fruit Science),31(4):566-573(杨婷婷,于泽群,夏乐晗,杨勇,王仁梓,2014,君迁子(Diospyros lotus)种质资源形态学性状的聚类分析,果树学报,31(4):566-573)
Yang X.,Liu F.,Zhang Y.,Cheng Y.F.,Xue L.B.,and Chen X.H.,2016,Study on the genetic diversity of eggplant germplasm with SSR markers,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(12):3450-3457(杨旭,刘飞,张宇,成玉富,薛林宝,陈学好,2016,利用SSR标记研究茄子种质资源遗传多样性,基因组学与应用生物学,35(12):3450-3457)
Zhang S.Y.,Fan Y.R.,Chu Y.,Sun Y.F.,and Ning H.J.,2013,Study on the phenotypic traits of Cymbidium species dirersity,Beifang Yuanyi(Northern Horticulture),(12):68-72(张韶伊,范义荣,褚怡,孙玉芬,宁惠娟,2013,春兰属植物表型性状的多样性研究,北方园艺,(12):68-72)
Zheng D.J.,Yun T.H.,Zhang Z.L.,Deng C.Z.,and Xie L.S.,2016,Study on genetic diversity and relationship for the Hainan island landraces of Cucurbita moschata,Henongxue Bao(Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences),30(5):869-877(郑道君,云天海,张治礼,邓长智,谢良商,2016,中国南瓜海南农家品种资源遗传多样性和亲缘关系研究,核农学报,30(5):869-877)
Duan Y.L.,Fan Y.R.,Ao S.Y.,Ning H.J.,and Guo Y.N.,2014,Analysis on phenotypic character diversity of Cymbidium kanran germplasm resources,Zhongguo Nongxue Tongbao(Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin),30(16):143-147(段艳皊,范义荣,敖素燕,宁惠娟,郭雨楠,2014,寒兰种质资源表型性状多样性分析,中国农学通报,30(16):143-147)
Fu Q.J.,Li C.N.,Chen Y.,Sun Y.,and Zhao F.K.,2015a,Genetic diversity analysis of Tagetes patula germplasm based on phenotypic traits,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),16(5):1117-1122(傅巧娟,李春楠,陈一,孙瑶,赵福康,2015a,基于表型性状的孔雀草种质遗传多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,16(5):1117-1122)
Fu Q.J.,Li C.N.,Chen Y.,Zhao F.K.,and Sun Y.,2015b,Phenotypic diversity analysis of major variaties of Salvia splendens in China,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),16(2):294-299(傅巧娟,李春楠,陈一,赵福康,孙瑶,2015b,我国主栽一串红资源的表型多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,16(2):294-299)
He R.F.,Chen Z.,Jiang M.Y.,Zhou S.T.Ying Q.C.,Feng S.G.,and Wang H.Z.,2015,On the core collection establishment of Cymbidium genetic resources,Hangzhou Shifan Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Hangzhou Normal University),14(2):202-209(何仁锋,陈喆,姜梦莹,周淑婷,应奇才,冯尚国,王慧中,2015,兰属植物遗传资源核心种质构建探讨,杭州师范大学学报,14(2):202-209)
Hu J.B.,Ma S.W.,Jian Z.H.,Wang J.M.,Li Q.,and Su Y.,2013,Analysis of genetic diversity of Chinese melon(Cucumis melo L.)germplasm resources based on morphological characters,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),14(4):612-619(胡建斌,马双武,简在海,王吉明,李琼,苏艳,2013,中国甜瓜种质资源形态性状遗传多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,14(4):612-619)
Hu Y.,Li Y.,Huang Y.Z.,and Liu P.W.,2016,Genetic diversity evaluation of sugarcane varieties using SSR and RAPD markers,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),35(9):2494-2503(胡杨,李赟,黄有总,刘平武,2016,利用SSR与RAPD分子标记评估甘蔗品种的遗传多样性,基因组学与应用生物学,35(9):2494-2503)
Jiang Y.,He J.R.,Liu F.,Wang H.E.,Zhuo B.P.,and Tang K.L.,2013,Genetic polymorphism analysis by sequence-related amplified polymorphism in Chinese Cymbidium,Xi'nan Nongye Xuebao(Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences),26(4):1645-1648(蒋彧,何俊蓉,刘菲,王海娥,卓碧萍,唐可玲,2013,中国兰遗传多样性的SRAP分析,西南农业学报,26(4):1645-1648)
Li Y.P.,Luo F.X.,and Xue T.T.,2014,Studies on cross-compatibility of interspecific crossing Cymbidium,Xibei Zhiwu Xuebao(Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica),34(7):1339-1344(李玉萍,罗凤霞,薛婷婷,2014,兰属植物种间杂交亲和性研究,西北植物学报,34(7):1339-1344)
Niu T.,Zhang L.,Wang H.X.,Li C.X.,Nie S.,Zhu C.C.,and Wang C.X.,2014,Genetic diversity analysis of Cymbidium goeringii's g ermplasm resources based on SRAP markers,Nongxue Xuebao(Journal of Agriculture),4(8):53-58(牛田,张林,王厚新,李承秀,聂硕,朱翠翠,王长宪,2014,利用SRAP标记分析春兰种质资源遗传多样性,农学学报,4(8):53-58)
Shi J.L.,Chen X.Z.,Huang Z.A.,Wang Y.,Wang K.L.,and Xu J.,2016,Genetic diversity evaluation on main agronomic traitsin south China ecotypic cucumber,Henongxue Bao(Journalof Nuclear Agricultural Sciences),30(10):1914-1924(史建磊,陈先知,黄宗安,王燕,王克磊,徐坚,2016,华南型黄瓜主要农艺性状遗传多样性评价,核农学报,30(10):1914-1924)
Wang H.Z.,Wang Y.D.,Zhou X.Y.,Ying Q.C.,and Zheng K.L.,2004,Analysis of genetic dirersity of 14 species of Cymbidium based on RAPDs and AFLPs,Shiyan Shengwu Xuebao(Acta Biologiae Experimentalis Sinica),37(6):482-486(王慧中,王玉东,周晓云,应奇才,郑康乐,2004,兰属14种植物遗传多样性RAPD及AFLP分析,实验生物学报,37(6):482-486)
Wang R.,He Z.C.,Fang X.M.,Chen D.L.,Wang Q.,Meng J.S.,and Zhao D.Q.,2016,Analysis of phenotypic diversity of Paeonia lactiflora cultivars in Yangzhou,Zhiwu Kexue Xuebao(Plant Science Journal),34(6):901-908(王荣,何智冲,方学敏,陈丹荔,王琦,孟家松,赵大球,2016,扬州芍药栽培品种表型多样性分析,植物科学学报,34(6):901-908)
Wang X.Y.,and Wang C.X.,2014,Genetic diversity analysis of Cymbidium cultivars by AFLP molecular markers,Nongxue Xuebao(Journal of Agriculture),4(10):69-72(王晓英,王长宪,2014,兰属品种间遗传多样性的AFLP分析,农学学报,4(10):69-72)
Wang X.Y.,Zhang L.,Li C.X.,Zhao J.W.,Wang Z.H.,and Wang C.X.,2015,Genetic diversity analysis of 51 Cymbidium goeringii cultivars by AFLP Markers,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),16(3):653-658(王晓英,张林,李承秀,赵建文,王郑昊,王长宪,2015,51个春兰(Cymbidium goeringii)品种的AFLP遗传多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,16(3):653-658
Wang Y.S.,Hou B.X.,Suo Z.L.,Liu T.H.,Chen L.J.,and Yang X.J.,2015,Phenotypic diversity of Lagerstroemia indica cultivars,Zhiwu Yichuan Ziyuan Xuebao(Journal of Plant Genetic Resources),16(1):71-79(王业社,侯伯鑫,索志立,刘桃花,陈立军,杨贤均,2015,紫薇品种表型多样性分析,植物遗传资源学报,16(1):71-79)
Wen L.,Ye Q.S.,Wang X.Q.,and Pan R.C.,2001,Analysis of relationship among Cymbidium cultivars using RAPD,Yingyong Yu Huanjingshengwu Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Applied&Environmental Biology),7(1):29-32(文李,叶庆生,王小菁,潘瑞炽,2001,利用RAPD技术分析兰属(Cym-bidium)品种间的亲缘关系,应用与环境生物学报,7(1):29-32)
Wu Z.X.,Wang H.Z.,Shi N.N.,and Zhao Y.,2008,The genetic diversity of Cymbidium by ISSR,Yichuan(Hereditas),30(5):627-632(吴振兴,王慧中,施农农,赵艳,2008,兰属Cymbidium植物ISSR遗传多样性分析,遗传,30(5):627-632)
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