临潭-宕昌断裂带遥感解译及其晚第四纪活动特征研究
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摘要
通过对临潭-宕昌断裂带进行遥感解译、野外地质地貌进行调查,得知该段断裂遥感迹象清晰、线性陡坎明显,断错了多条冲沟及山脊。通过解译及实地考察,发现该断裂断错了晚更新世黄土地层。综合遥感解译和地质考察结果,认为临潭-宕昌断裂带是以左旋走滑为主的晚第四纪活动断裂。通过对四个线性地貌较好地点的遥感解译及野外考察,得到了这四个地点的水平位错及垂直位错距离。并统计得出冲沟的连续左旋位错的量级主要分布在一级冲沟约120m,二级冲沟约50m、30m、22m和12m共5个级别。且自西向东位错量级有逐渐减小的趋势,由此可以看出,临潭-宕昌断裂带自西向东的活动量也是逐渐降低的。
The remote sensing interpretation and field geological and geomorphologic survey of the Lintan-Dangchang fault zone show that the faults of this section feature a clear indication of remote sensing, distinct linear steep slopes, and dislocation of several gullies and ridges. By means of interpretation and field investigation, we found that the fault dislocated the Late Pleistocene loess layer. Based on the results of comprehensive remote sensing interpretation and geological survey, we believed that the Lintan-Zhangchang fault zone is a late Quaternary active fault dominated by left-lateral strike-slip. The horizontal and vertical dislocation distances of the four sites with better linear geomorphology are obtained by remote sensing interpretation and field investigation. The statistic results show that the magnitude of the continuous left-lateral dislocations of the gully is mainly distributed in the first-level gully about 120 m, and in the second-level gully about 50 m, 30 m, 22 m and 12 m, and the magnitude of the fault tends to decrease from west to east. It shows that the activity of Lintan-Mianchang fault zone is also gradually decreasing from west to east.
The remote sensing interpretation and field geological and geomorphologic survey of the Lintan-Dangchang fault zone show that the faults of this section feature a clear indication of remote sensing, distinct linear steep slopes, and dislocation of several gullies and ridges. By means of interpretation and field investigation, we found that the fault dislocated the Late Pleistocene loess layer. Based on the results of comprehensive remote sensing interpretation and geological survey, we believed that the Lintan-Zhangchang fault zone is a late Quaternary active fault dominated by left-lateral strike-slip. The horizontal and vertical dislocation distances of the four sites with better linear geomorphology are obtained by remote sensing interpretation and field investigation. The statistic results show that the magnitude of the continuous left-lateral dislocations of the gully is mainly distributed in the first-level gully about 120 m, and in the second-level gully about 50 m, 30 m, 22 m and 12 m, and the magnitude of the fault tends to decrease from west to east. It shows that the activity of Lintan-Mianchang fault zone is also gradually decreasing from west to east.
引文
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[25] 袁道阳,张培震,刘百篪,等.青藏高原东北缘晚第四纪活动构造的几何图像与构造转换[J].地质学报,2004,78(2):270-278.
[2] 宋友桂,方小敏,李吉均,等.晚新生代六盘山隆升过程初探[J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2001,40(S1):142-148.
[3] 张进,马宗晋,任文军.宁夏中南部新生界沉积特征及其与青藏高原演化的关系[J].地质学报,2005,79(6):757-773.
[4] 张珂,蔡剑波.黄河黑山峡口最高阶地宇宙核素的初步年龄及所反映的新构造运动[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(1):85-91.
[5] Wang W,Zhang P,Kirby E,et al.A revised chronology for Tertiary sedimentation in the Sikouzi basin:Implications for the tectonic evolution of the northeastern corner of the Tibet-an Plateau[J].Tectonophsics,2011,505:100-114.
[6] Zheng D,Zhang P,Wan J,et al.Rapid exhumation at ～8 Ma on the Liupan shan thrust from apatite fission-track thermochronology:Implications for growth of the northern Tibetan Plateau margin [J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2006,248(1):198-208.
[7] Zhang K,Liu K,Yang J.Asymmetrical valleys created by the geomorphic response of rivers to strike-slip fault[J].Quaternary Research,2004,62:310-315.
[8] 王志才,张培震,张广良,等.西秦岭北缘构造带的新生代构造活动:兼论对青藏高原东北缘形成过程的指示意义[J].地学前缘,2006,13(4):119-135.
[9] 张培震,郑德文,尹功明,等.有关青藏高原东北缘晚新生代扩展与隆升的讨论[J].第四纪研究,2006,26(1):5-13.
[10] Burchfiel B C,Zhang P,Wang Y,et al.Geology of the Haiyuan Fault Zone,Ningxia-Hui Autonomous Region,China,and its relation to the evolution of the Northeastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Tectonics,1991,10(6):1091-1110.
[11] Ding G,Chen J,Tian Q,et al.Active faults and magnitudes of left-lateral displacement along the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Tectonophysics,2004,380(3):243-260.
[12] Deng Q,Sung F,Zhu S,et al.Active faulting and tectonics of the Ningxia-Hui Autonomous Region,China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1984,89(B6):4427-4445.
[13] Yin A,Cenozoic tectonic evolution of Asia:A preliminary synthesis [J].Tectonophysics,2010,488:293-325.
[14] Zhang P,Burchfiel B C,Molnar P,et al.Amount and style of Late Cenozoic deformation in the Liupan Shan Area,Ningxia Autonomous,Region,China[J].Tectonics,1991,10(6):1111-1129.
[15] Zhang J,Dickson C,Cheng H.Sedimentary characteristics of Cenozoic strata in central-southern Ningxia,NW China:Implications for the evolution of the NE Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau [J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2010,39(6):740-759.
[16] 顾功叙.中国地震目录(上册) [M].北京:科学出版社,1983.
[17] 中国地震局震害防御司.中国历史强震目录(公元前23世纪-公元1911年)[Z].北京:地震出版社.1995,1-514.
[18] 杨晓平,冯希杰,黄雄南,等.礼县—罗家堡断裂晚第四纪活动特征:兼论1654年礼县8级地震孕震机制[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(2):504-519.
[19] 何文贵,周志宇,马尔曼,等.岷县-卓尼5.0级地震的基本特征和地质背景研究[J].地震研究,2006,29(4):373-378.
[20] 郑文俊,刘小凤,赵广堃,等.2003年11月13日甘肃岷县M_S5.2地震基本特征[J].西北地震学报,2005,27(1):61-65.
[21] 郑文俊,袁道阳,何文贵,等.甘肃东南地区构造活动与2013年岷县-漳县MS6.6级地震孕震机制[J].地球物理学报,2013,56(12):4058-4071.
[22] 刘白云.甘东南地区两次8级历史疑难地震发震构造与发震机制研究[D].兰州:中国地震局兰州地震研究所,2012.
[23] 郑文俊,雷中生,袁道阳,等.1837年甘肃岷县北6级地震考证与发震构造分析[J].地震,2007,42(1):120-130.
[24] 袁道阳.青藏高原东北缘晚新生代以来的构造变形特征与时空演化[D].北京:中国地震局地质研究所,2003.
[25] 袁道阳,张培震,刘百篪,等.青藏高原东北缘晚第四纪活动构造的几何图像与构造转换[J].地质学报,2004,78(2):270-278.
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