基于钻孔资料的北京平原区第四纪地层分析
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摘要
北京市地处华北平原的北部,平原区的第四纪地层非常发育,而且厚度大。由于北京市平原区活动构造发育,曾经发生过一些大地震,因此对该区的第四纪地层研究一直受到重视。本文通过总结前人研究成果,结合钻孔资料,建立了第四纪地层划分方案,对第四纪各统厚度进行了统计与划分,从构造与沉积角度对第四纪地层的沉积类型及平面展布进行了分析。总来说,西北部天竺镇附近是研究区内贯穿于整个第四纪各时期的沉积中心。沉积中心位置在各个时期有所调整,但始终是厚度最大的沉积区。东南部的牛堡屯沉积中心自下更新统,厚度逐渐减薄。西北部的马池口-沙河沉积中心自上更新世开始发育,在中更新世及上更新世沉积达到最大规模。研究区的沉积厚度,呈现了北东部较厚、西南部较薄的特点。
Beijing is located in the northern part of the north China plain.The quaternary strata in the plain area are very developed and thick.Due to the development of the active structure in the plain area of Beijing,there have been some major earthquakes,so the quaternary stratigraphic research in this area has been paid attention to.Based on the quaternary stratigraphic division scheme that the predecessors have established,based on the drill holes data,the quaternary thicknesses are statistically and divided.The sedimentary types of the quaternary strata are from the perspective of structure and sedimentation.The plane spread is analyzed.In general,the vicinity of Tianzhu town in the northwest is the study area,which runs through the sedimentary centers of the entire quaternary period.The location of the deposition center has been adjusted at various times,but it is always the sedimentary zone with the largest thickness.The sedimentary center of the Niubaotun in the southeast is gradually thinned from the lower Pleistocene.The Machikou-Shahe Sediment Center in the northwest began to develop since the last pleistocene,and reached the largest scale in the middle pleistocene and the upper pleistocene.The sedimentary thickness of the study area is characterized by a thicker northeastern part and a thinner southwestern part.
Beijing is located in the northern part of the north China plain.The quaternary strata in the plain area are very developed and thick.Due to the development of the active structure in the plain area of Beijing,there have been some major earthquakes,so the quaternary stratigraphic research in this area has been paid attention to.Based on the quaternary stratigraphic division scheme that the predecessors have established,based on the drill holes data,the quaternary thicknesses are statistically and divided.The sedimentary types of the quaternary strata are from the perspective of structure and sedimentation.The plane spread is analyzed.In general,the vicinity of Tianzhu town in the northwest is the study area,which runs through the sedimentary centers of the entire quaternary period.The location of the deposition center has been adjusted at various times,but it is always the sedimentary zone with the largest thickness.The sedimentary center of the Niubaotun in the southeast is gradually thinned from the lower Pleistocene.The Machikou-Shahe Sediment Center in the northwest began to develop since the last pleistocene,and reached the largest scale in the middle pleistocene and the upper pleistocene.The sedimentary thickness of the study area is characterized by a thicker northeastern part and a thinner southwestern part.
引文
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[2]周昆叔,严富华,梁秀龙,等.北京平原第四纪晚期花粉分析及其意义[J].地质科学,1978(1):57-64.ZHOU Kunshu,YAN Fuhua,LIANG Xiulong,et al.Pollen analysis and its significance in the late quaternary of the Beijing plain[J].Geological science,1978(1):57-64.
[3]李鼎容,谢振钊,王安德,等.北京平原区第四系划分及其下限问题[J].石油与天然气地质,1982,3(4):379-385.LI Dingrong,XIE Zhenzhao,WANG Ande,et al.Division of the quaternary system in the Beijing plain and its lower limit problem[J].Oil and Gas Geology,1982,3(4):379-385.
[4]李鼎容,彭一民,刘清泗,等.北京平原区上新世-更新统的划分[J].地质科学,1979(4):342-349.LI Dingrong,PENG Yimin,LIU Qingsi,et al.Division of the pliocene-pleistocene in the plain of Beijing[J].Geological Science,1979(4):342-349.
[5]北京市地勘局地质调查院.《1∶5万北京市幅和通县幅》地质图说明书[R].1991.
[6]袁宝印,邓成龙,吕金波,等.北京平原晚第四纪堆积期与史前大洪水[J].第四纪研究,2002,22(5):474-482.YUAN Baoyin,DENG Chenglong,LYU Jinbo,et al.Late quaternary accumulation period and prehistoric flood in Beijing plain[J].Quaternary Sciences,2002,22(5):474-482.
[7]李龙吟,陈华慧.北京怀柔地区第四纪下限的综合标志[J].地球科学,1994,17(6):631-637.LI Longyin,CHEN Huahui.Comprehensive mark of the lower limit of the quaternary in the Huairou area of Beijing[J].Earth Science,1994,17(6):631-637.
[8]李龙吟,陈华慧.北京怀柔HR88-1钻孔剖面磁性地层学研究[J].地层学杂志,1994,18(1):39-44.LI Longyin,CHEN Huahui.Study on magnetic stratigraphy of HR88-1borehole profile in Beijing Huairou[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,1994,18(1):39-44.
[9]北京市地震局.北京市活动断层探测与地震危险性评价总结报告[R].2007.
[10]北京市地震局.北京奥林匹克中心区工程场地地震安全性评价[R].2003.
[11]李静,赵帅.城市三维地质建模在砂土液化分析中的应用:以通州为例[J].中国矿业,2016,25(5):164-168.LI Jing,ZHAO Shuai.Application of urban 3D geological modeling in sand liquefaction analysis:taking Tongzhou as an example[J].China Mining Magazine,2016,25(5):164-168.
[12]赵帅,孟勇琦,孙佳珺.基于S波波速变化的北京市高丽营地区地裂缝发展趋势研究[J].地球科学前沿,2018(7):1123-1130.ZHAO Shuai,MENG Yongqi,SUN Jiajun.Study on the development trend of ground fissures in the Gaoliying area of Beijing based on the variation of S wave velocity[J].Advances in Geosciences,2018(7):1123-1130.
[13]邓起东,张培震,冉勇康,等.中国活动构造与地震活动[J].地学前缘,2003,10(S1):66-73.DENG Qidong,ZHANG Peizhen,RAN Yongkang,et al.China's active tectonic and seismic activities[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2003,10(S1):66-73.
[14]张世民,吕悦军,任俊杰.华北平原强震构造带与潜在震源区划分[J].震灾防御技术,2006,1(3):234-244.ZHANG Shimin,LYU Yuejun,REN Junjie.The strong earthquake tectonic belt and the potential source area division in the north China plain[J].Earthquake Disaster Prevention Technology,2006,1(3):234-244.
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