特低渗储层不同孔隙组合类型的微观孔隙结构及渗流特征——以甘谷驿油田唐157井区长6储层为例
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摘要
为了有效克服特低渗储层非均质性对注水开发效果的影响,首次从孔隙组合类型的角度出发,与高压压汞、恒速压汞、核磁共振和真实砂岩水驱油等实验相结合,从宏观和微观两方面对注水开发储层特征进行精细定量表征:标定了不同孔隙组合类型的主流喉道半径和可动流体饱和度的大小,明确了不同孔隙组合类型的驱替类型及残余油的赋存状态。结果表明:溶孔-粒间孔、粒间孔型储层具有物性好,压实率、胶结率均较低和含油饱和度较高的特征,多发育(水下)分流河道中。其可动流体饱和度最高,易形成优势通道。优势通道的主流喉道半径为0.963~1.494μm,驱替类型以指状驱替为主,为主要剩余油富集区;粒间孔-溶孔型和溶孔-微孔、微孔型储层特征依次变差,主流喉道半径分别为0.432~1.071μm和0.364~0.411μm,驱替类型,逐渐过渡到指状-网状、网状驱替,直至驱不动。
Aiming to overcome reservoir heterogeneity influence in water injection development,it is the first that high mercury injection,constant mercury injection,nuclear magnetic resonance have been applied to make an accurate quantification of reservoir characteristics in the stage of water injection from the angle of pore combination. In this paper main current throat radius and moveable fluid saturation have been defined for the sake of understanding the features of water flooding and residual oil for different pore assembly types. Dissolved/intergranular pores developing in the favorable sedimentary faces of the lowest compaction and cementation make its reservoir have the highest value of porosity,permeability,oil saturation and moveable fluid saturation,which makes the apparent apartment of oil and is the easiest to form preponderant permeable paths of 0.963-1.494 μm main current throat radius and fingering flooding results in residual oil of large area. Secondly by the sequence of intergranular-dissolved,dissolved-micro and micro pores,main current throat radius range is respectively 0.432-1.071 μm,0.364-0.411 μm and its flooding type changes from finger-net,net to immovable flooding.
Aiming to overcome reservoir heterogeneity influence in water injection development,it is the first that high mercury injection,constant mercury injection,nuclear magnetic resonance have been applied to make an accurate quantification of reservoir characteristics in the stage of water injection from the angle of pore combination. In this paper main current throat radius and moveable fluid saturation have been defined for the sake of understanding the features of water flooding and residual oil for different pore assembly types. Dissolved/intergranular pores developing in the favorable sedimentary faces of the lowest compaction and cementation make its reservoir have the highest value of porosity,permeability,oil saturation and moveable fluid saturation,which makes the apparent apartment of oil and is the easiest to form preponderant permeable paths of 0.963-1.494 μm main current throat radius and fingering flooding results in residual oil of large area. Secondly by the sequence of intergranular-dissolved,dissolved-micro and micro pores,main current throat radius range is respectively 0.432-1.071 μm,0.364-0.411 μm and its flooding type changes from finger-net,net to immovable flooding.
引文
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[2]任大忠,孙卫,黄海,等.鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬油田长6致密砂岩储层成因机理.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2016,41(10):1735-1744.REN D Z,SUN W,HUANG H,et al.Formation mechanism of Chang 6 tight sandstone reservoir in Jiyuan Oilfield,Ordos Basin.Earth Science,2016,41(10):1735-1744.
[3]魏钦廉,郑荣才,肖玲,等.鄂尔多斯盆地吴旗地区长6储层特征及影响因素分析.岩性油气藏,2007,19(4):45-50.WEI Q L,ZHENG R C,XIAO L,et al.Influencing factors and characteristics of Chang 6 reservoir in Wuqi area,Ordos Basin.Lithologic Reservoirs,2007,19(4):45-50.
[4]杨华,付金华.超低渗透油藏勘探理论与技术.北京:石油工业出版社,2007:66-69.YANG H,FU J H.Exploration theory and technology of ultralow permeability reservoirs.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2007:66-69.
[5]吴松涛,邹才能,朱如凯,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统长7段泥页岩储集性能.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2015,40(11):1810-1823.WU S T,ZOU C N,ZHU R K,et al.Reservoir quality characterization of Upper Triassic Chang 7 shale in Ordos Basin.Earth Science,2015,40(11):1810-1823.
[6]李书恒,赵继勇,崔攀峰,等.超低渗透储层开发技术对策.岩性油气藏,2008,20(3):128-131.LI S H,ZHAO J Y,CUI P F,et al.Strategies of development technology for ultra-low permeability reservoir.Lithologic Reservoirs,2008,20(3):128-131.
[7]段威,罗程飞,刘建章,等.莺歌海盆地LD区块地层超压对储层成岩作用的影响及其地质意义.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2015,40(9):1517-1528.DUAN W,LUO C F,LIU J Z,et al.Effect of overpressure formation on reservoir diagenesis and its geological significance to LD block of Yingge hai Basin.Earth Science,2015,40(9):1517-1528.
[8]ADABI M H,ZOHDI A,GHABEISHAVI A,et al.Applications of nummulitids and other larger benthic foraminifera in depositional environment and sequence stratigraphy:an example from the Eocene deposits in Zagros Basin,SW Iran.Facies,2008,54(4):499-512.
[9]张创,孙卫,高辉,等.鄂尔多斯盆地华池长8储层成岩相与孔隙度演化.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2014,39(4):411-418.ZHANG C,SUN W,GAO H,et al.Reservoir diagenetic facies and porosity evolution pathways of Chang 8 formation in Huachi,Ordos Basin.Earth Science,2014,39(4):411-418.
[10]RANKEY E C,GUIDRY S A,REEDER S L,et al.Geomorphic and sedimentologic heterogeneity along a holocene shelf margin:caicos platform.Journal of Sedimentary Research,2009,79(6):440-456.
[11]李彦山,张占松,张超谟,等.应用压汞资料对长庆地区长6段储层进行分类研究.岩性油气藏,2009,21(2):91-93.LI Y S,ZHANG Z S,ZHANG C M,et al.Application of mercury injection data to Chang 6 reservoirclassification in Changqing area.Lithologic Reservoirs,2009,21(2):91-93.
[12]庞振宇,孙卫,李进步,等.低渗透致密气藏微观孔隙结构及渗流特征研究——以苏里格气田苏48和苏120区块储层为例.地质科技情报,2013,32(4):133-138.PANG Z Y,SUN W,LI J B,et al.A Study on microscopic pore structure and seepage characteristics low-permeability and tight sandstone gas reservoir:taking block Su 48-120 in Sulige gas field,as an example.Geological Science and Technology Information,2013,32(4):133-138.
[13]刘义坤,王永平,唐慧敏,等.毛管压力曲线和分形理论在储层分类中的应用.岩性油气藏,2014,26(3):89-92.LIU Y K,WANG Y P,TANG H M,et al.Application of capillary pressure curves and fractal theory to reservoir classification.Lithologic Reservoirs,2014,26(3):89-92.
[14]窦宏恩,杨旸.低渗透油藏流体渗流再认识.石油勘探与开发,2012,39(5):633-640.DOU H E,YANG Y.Further understanding on fluid flow through multi-porous media in low permeability reservoirs.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(5):633-640.
[15]时宇,杨正明,黄延章.低渗透储层非线性渗流模型研究.石油学报,2009,30(5):731-734.SHI Y,YANG Z M,HUANG Y Z.Study on non-linear seepage flow model for low-permeability reservoir.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(5):731-734.
[16]何文祥,杨亿前,马超亚.特低渗透率储层水驱油规律实验研究.岩性油气藏,2010,22(4):109-111.HE W X,YANG Y Q,MA C Y.Experimental study on waterflooding in ultra-low permeability reservoirs.Lithologic Reservoirs,2010,22(4):109-111.
[17]李顺明,宋新民,蒋有伟,等.高尚堡油田砂质辫状河储集层构型与剩余油分布.石油勘探与开发,2011,38(4):23-34.LI S M,SONG X M,JIANG Y W,et al.Architecture and remaining oil distribution of the sandy braided river reservoir in the Gaoshangpu Oilfield.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(4):23-34.
[18]王元基.改善水驱提高采收率技术文集.北京:石油工业出版社,2011:9-25.WANG Y J.Collected works of improve water flooding to enhanced oil recovery.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011:9-25.