空气静压径向轴承静态性能的有限元分析
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摘要
针对空气静压轴承在静态性能方面存在的承载力小和刚度低等问题,对空气静压轴承的结构参数对其静态性能的影响等方面进行了研究,对空气在径向轴承中的流动状态进行了验证。提出了全参数三维实体建模的方法,利用有限元软件ANSYS开展了在不同空气流动状态下气体轴承流场的仿真计算,研究了节流小孔的轴向位置、节流孔径、供气的压力以及平均半径间隙这几种因素对气体径向轴承静态特性的影响,得出了相关因素的变化规律曲线,并进行承载性能对比,据此优选出了空气静压轴承的结构参数,研究结果表明,空气在径向轴承中的流动状态为可压缩紊流,工程理论计算的结果与数值仿真的结果进行比较误差为4%,说明了该仿真方法的有效性,为设计超高速微切削空气静压电主轴提供一定的理论依据。
Aiming at the problems of low loading capacity,low stiffness,which exist in aerostatic radial bearing. Study on the relationship between the structure and the static characteristics of aerostatic radial bearing was carried out. The flow condition of radial bearing was proved.The three-dimensional flow field of aerostatic radial bearing in different flow conditions was simulated by the finite element analysis software ANSYS,The effect of the axial position of the orifice,orifice diameter,gas pressure and average radius clearance on the static characteristics of aerostatic radial bearing was analyzed And obtained the diagram of curves accordingly. The optimized structrue of radial bearing was selected by comparing the load-bearing characteristics. The results indicate that the flow condition of radial bearing was compressible and turbulent. The engineering calculation results is good agreement with the simulation results. The tolerance achieved four percent that proves numerical simulation is effective. Which provides theories basis for design of the ultra-high-speed aerostatic motorized spindle.
Aiming at the problems of low loading capacity,low stiffness,which exist in aerostatic radial bearing. Study on the relationship between the structure and the static characteristics of aerostatic radial bearing was carried out. The flow condition of radial bearing was proved.The three-dimensional flow field of aerostatic radial bearing in different flow conditions was simulated by the finite element analysis software ANSYS,The effect of the axial position of the orifice,orifice diameter,gas pressure and average radius clearance on the static characteristics of aerostatic radial bearing was analyzed And obtained the diagram of curves accordingly. The optimized structrue of radial bearing was selected by comparing the load-bearing characteristics. The results indicate that the flow condition of radial bearing was compressible and turbulent. The engineering calculation results is good agreement with the simulation results. The tolerance achieved four percent that proves numerical simulation is effective. Which provides theories basis for design of the ultra-high-speed aerostatic motorized spindle.
引文
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[11]杜建军,张国庆,刘墩.均压槽与静压气体轴颈轴承承载特性的关系研究[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(15)106-112.
[2]VIKTOROV V,BELFORTE G,RAPARELLI T.Modeling and identification of gas journal bearins:externally pressurized gas bearing results[J].Journal of Tribology,2005(127):549-556.
[3]KHATAIT J P,LIN W J.Design and development of orificetype aerostatic thrust bearing[J].SIMTech Technical Reports,2005,6(1):7-12.
[4]刘暾,刘育华,陈世杰.静压气体润滑[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学出版社,1990.
[5]王云飞.气体润滑理论与气体轴承设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1999.
[6]段明德,张武果,曹立波.空气静压径向轴承动压效应对其承载能力的影响[J].轴承,2013(1):36-38.
[7]徐刚,舒行军,郑越青.空气静压止推轴承设计参数耦合关系研究[J].润滑与密封,2013,38(2):23-26.
[8]张在春,仲高艳.空气静压轴承静态特性的工程计算与数值仿真[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2013(3):32-35.
[9]李海亮,严锦丽,王旭峰.基于ANSYS的水轮机转轮流固耦合分析[J].机电工程,2013,30(9):1093-1096.
[10]杨文勇.空气静压支承电主轴动态性能流固耦合分析与实验研究[D].广州:广东工业大学机电工程学院,2008.
[11]杜建军,张国庆,刘墩.均压槽与静压气体轴颈轴承承载特性的关系研究[J].机械工程学报,2012,48(15)106-112.