基于刚柔耦合立卧式机床模型丝杠振频分析
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摘要
为给具有不同切削特征的高精密立式机床和卧式机床选择合适的机床,本文以丝杠的振动特性为研究对象,采用有限元和虚拟仿真技术,建立高精密卧式机床和立式机床进给系统刚柔耦合模型,并对立式及卧式机床进给系统丝杠的振动特性进行仿真分析。仿真结果表明,无论是在z轴方向还是在x轴方向上,立式和卧式机床丝杠的位移变化都比较小,说明建立的进给系统模型的精密性较高;在本文所添加的材料属性和切削力的条件下,立式机床工作台运动特性比卧式机床剧烈,说明卧式机床的精度较高,所以在相同条件下应该选择卧式机床加工零件;无论卧式机床还是立式机床,工作台在z轴方向的位移变化比在x轴方向的位移变化剧烈。该研究为z轴方向的后期优化提供了理论基础。
Based on the different cutting characteristics of high precision vertical machine tools and high precision horizontal NC lathe,the finite element and virtual simulation techniques were used to establish the rigid and flexible coupling of high precision horizontal machine and vertical machine tool feed system.And the vibration characteristics of the screw are taken as the research object,and the theoretical explanation is given.The vibration characteristics of the screw of the high precision vertical machine tool and the high precision horizontal machine tool are obtained.The results show that in this paper,in the case of the applied load,the horizontal machine is more precise than the vertical machine.
Based on the different cutting characteristics of high precision vertical machine tools and high precision horizontal NC lathe,the finite element and virtual simulation techniques were used to establish the rigid and flexible coupling of high precision horizontal machine and vertical machine tool feed system.And the vibration characteristics of the screw are taken as the research object,and the theoretical explanation is given.The vibration characteristics of the screw of the high precision vertical machine tool and the high precision horizontal machine tool are obtained.The results show that in this paper,in the case of the applied load,the horizontal machine is more precise than the vertical machine.
引文
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[3]廖伯瑜,周新民,尹志宏.现代机械动力学及其工程应用:建模、分析、仿真、修改、控制、优化[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[4]戴闻.机械零部件结合面动态性能实验与ADAMS约束库建模仿真研究[D].北京:北京航空航天大学,2007.
[5]Altintas Y,Brecher C,Weck M,et al.Virtual Machine Tool[J].CIRP Annuals-Manufacturing Technology,2005,54(2):115-138.
[6]陆佑方.柔性多体系统动力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1996.
[7]杨辉.超精密加工设备的发展与展望[J].航空制造技术,2008,24(8):42-46.
[8]李圣怡.超精密加工技术与机床的新进展[J].航空精密制造技术,2009,45(2):26-28.
[9]Mikoa E,Nowakowski L.Vibrations in the Machining System of the Vertical Machining Center[J].Procedia Engineering,2012,39(2):405-413.
[10]郑建荣.ADAMS-虚拟样机技术入门与提高[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[11]许丹,刘强,袁松梅,等.一种龙门式加工中心横梁的动力学仿真研究[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(2):168-171.
[12]刘延松,曹巨江,张元莹.刚柔耦合机械系统动力学仿真[J].陕西科技大学学报,2006,24(3):74-76.
[13]刘沿柱.多刚体系统动力学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1989.
[14]黎忠炎,高东强.高速切削刀具系统的研究与试验分析[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2010(10):94-97.
[15]Li B,Luo B,Mao X Y,et al.A New Approach to Identifying the Dynamic:Behavior of CNC Machine Tools with Respect Todifferent Worktable Feed Speeds[J].International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufac ture,2013,72(3):73-84.
[16]邵明涛.高速度切削设备的关键技术及展望[J].机械工程师,2009(3):5-8.
[17]赵亮培.高速切削加工中刀具材料的合理选择[J].组合机床与自动化加工技术,2009,43(5):87-89.
[18]赵中敏.数控机床低速爬行分析及对策研究[J].中国设备工程,2009,31(5):51-53.