纳米稀土氧化物对陶瓷结合剂的强韧化
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摘要
为提高CBN砂轮用陶瓷结合剂的强度与韧性,以不同体积分数的纳米CeO_2、Sm_2O_3、Y_2O_3、La_2O_3、Er_2O_3与基础结合剂形成复合结合剂,并通过X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜表征其物相和显微结构,通过三点弯曲、单边切口梁等测试方法测试其机械性能。实验结果表明:添加体积分数2%的纳米CeO_2或纳米Er_2O_3后,试样的抗折强度分别为187 MPa和194 MPa,比基础结合剂的165 MPa分别提高了13.3%和17.6%,而其他3种纳米稀土氧化物没有表现出增强作用。5种纳米稀土氧化物均可增加基础结合剂的韧性,但Er_2O_3的效果最明显,在体积分数为2.5%时,试样的断裂韧性为2.7MPa·m~(1/2),比基础结合剂的1.3MPa·m~(1/2)提高了108.2%。以含纳米Er_2O_3体积分数2%的复合结合剂与CBN磨料(浓度200%)混合制备试样,发现该复合结合剂对CBN颗粒的润湿良好,试样的抗折强度为102MPa。
To improve the strength and toughness of vitrified bond in CBN grinding wheel,composite bonds are prepared by adding different fractions of nano-sized CeO_2,Sm_2O_3,Y_2O_3,La_2O_3 or Er_2O_3 as additives.X-ray diffractor(XRD)and scanning electron microscope(SEM)are used to analyze their phases and micro structures,and three-point bending test and single-edge notched beam test to indicate their mechanical properties.Results show that the flexural strengths of samples with 2vol% Ce_2O or Er_2O_3 are 187MPa and 194 MPa,respectively,which are 13.3% and 17.6% higher than 165 MPa of basic bond,while the other oxides could not improve the strength.On the other hand,all the five oxides could improve the fracture toughness and Er_2O_3 does the best by 2.7MPa·m~(1/2) at 2.5vol%,i.e.108.2% higher than 1.3MPa·m~(1/2) of the basic bond.The composite bond with 2vol%nano-Er_2O_3 and CBN grains(concentration 200%)are used to prepare test samples,which possess good bonding between bond and grain and flexural strength of 102 MPa.
To improve the strength and toughness of vitrified bond in CBN grinding wheel,composite bonds are prepared by adding different fractions of nano-sized CeO_2,Sm_2O_3,Y_2O_3,La_2O_3 or Er_2O_3 as additives.X-ray diffractor(XRD)and scanning electron microscope(SEM)are used to analyze their phases and micro structures,and three-point bending test and single-edge notched beam test to indicate their mechanical properties.Results show that the flexural strengths of samples with 2vol% Ce_2O or Er_2O_3 are 187MPa and 194 MPa,respectively,which are 13.3% and 17.6% higher than 165 MPa of basic bond,while the other oxides could not improve the strength.On the other hand,all the five oxides could improve the fracture toughness and Er_2O_3 does the best by 2.7MPa·m~(1/2) at 2.5vol%,i.e.108.2% higher than 1.3MPa·m~(1/2) of the basic bond.The composite bond with 2vol%nano-Er_2O_3 and CBN grains(concentration 200%)are used to prepare test samples,which possess good bonding between bond and grain and flexural strength of 102 MPa.
引文
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[18]侯永改,祝聿霏,张明岩,等.氧化钇对高速CBN砂轮用陶瓷结合剂玻璃料性能的影响[J].中国稀土学报,2012,30(3):333-334.HOU Yonggai,ZHU Yufei,ZHANG Mingyan,et al.Effect of Y2O3on properties of high-speed CBN grinding wheel with vitrified glass materials[J].Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society,2012,30(3):333-334.
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[20]CUI L,HAO X,HU X,et al.Effects of Y2O3addition on structure and properties of LZAS vitrified bond for CBN grinding tools application[J].Ceramics International,2015,41(8):9916-9922.
[2]DAI C W,DING W F,ZHU J Y,et al.Grinding temperature and power consumption in high speed grinding of Inconel 718nickel-based superalloy with a vitrified CBN wheel[J].Precision Engineering,2018,52:192-200.
[3]FENG D,WU W,WANG P,et al.Effects of Cu on properties of vitrified bond and vitrified CBN composites[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2015,50:269-273.
[4]SHI J,HE F,XIE J,et al.Effects of Na2O/BaO ratio on the structure and the physical properties of low-temperature glass-ceramic vitrified bonds[J].Ceramics International,2018,44(9):10871-10877.
[5]WANG X,MA Z,SUN X,et al.Effects of ZrO2and Y2O3on physical and mechanical properties of ceramic bond and ceramic CBN composites[J].International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials,2018,75:18-24.
[6]李翔,张秀香,戴姣燕,等.氧化锆陶瓷应力诱导相变增韧机理研究[J].粉末冶金技术,2015,33(6):403-406.LI Xiang,ZHANG Xiuxiang,DAI Jiaoyan,et al.Study on the mechanism of stress-induced phase transformation toughening of zirconia ceramics[J].Powder Metallurgy Technology,2015,33(6):403-406.
[7]YU T,MA Z,WANG X,et al.Effects of Ni addition on properties of vitrified bond CBN composites in strong magnetic field[J].Ceramics International,2018,44(8):9312-9317.
[8]朱棉霞,徐序,李月明,等.金属颗粒增韧氧化铝陶瓷研究现状[J].中国陶瓷,2012,48(12):10-13.ZHU Mianxia,XU Xu,LI Yueming,et al.Research status on metal-toughed alumina ceramics[J].China Ceramics,2012,48(12):10-13.
[9]周彪,王兆申,才影,等.碳纤维增韧碳化硅基复合材料制备技术的研究进展[J].中国陶瓷,2015,51(2):7-11.ZHOU Biao,WANG Zhaoshen,CAI Ying,et al.The present research progress of carbon fiber reinforced solicon carbide matrix composites preparative technique[J].China Ceramics,2015,51(2):7-11.
[10]ZHAO B,LI Z,ZHU Y.Effect of polycrystalline mullite fibers on the properties of vitrified bond and vitrified CBN composites[J].Ceramics International,2013,39(3):2863-2868.
[11]沈毅,杨正方,张存满.第二相SiC颗粒弥散增韧氧化铝陶瓷的残余应力计算[J].硅酸盐通报,2003,22(1):68-70.SHEN Yi,YANG Zhengfang,ZHANG Cunman.Calculation of residual stress of alumina-base ceramics toughened by the second disperse SiC particles[J].Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society,2003,22(1):68-70.
[12]田忠凯,王周福,王玺堂,等.稀土氧化物对反应烧结合成镁铝尖晶石的影响[J].耐火材料,2008,42(5):326-329.TIAN Zhongkai,WANG Zhoufu,WANG Xitang,et al.Effect of rare earth oxides on synthesis of magnesium aluminate spinel by reaction sintering[J].Refractories.2008,42(5):326-329.
[13]徐立强,黄传真,侯志刚,等.稀土增韧金属陶瓷的工艺优化[J].稀土,2008,29(3):44-47.XU Liqiang,HUANG Chuanzhen,HOU Zhigang,et al.Process optimization of rare earth oxide toughened cermet tool materials[J].Chinese Rare Earths,2008,29(3):44-47.
[14]陈国华,刘新宇.添加氧化铈对堇青石基微晶玻璃的烧结和性能的影响[J].硅酸盐学报,2004,35(5):625-630.CHEN Guohua,LIU Xinyu.Effect of ceria addtion on sintering and properties of cordierite-based glass ceramics[J].Journal of the Chinese Ceramics Society,2004,32(5):625-630.
[15]穆柏春,孙旭东.稀土对Al2O3陶瓷烧结温度、显微组织和力学性能的影响[J].中国稀土学报,2002,20(Z2):104-107.MU Baichun,SUN Xudong.Effect of rare earths on sintering temperature,microstructure and mechanical properties of Al2O3ceramics[J].Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society,2002,20(Z2):104-107.
[16]张敬强,荣守范,宋晓刚.稀土氧化物对氧化铝复相陶瓷显微结构和力学性能的影响[J].佳木斯大学学报(自然科学版),2006,24(1):16-18.ZHANG Jingqiang,RONG Shoufan,SONG Xiaogang.Effects of rare earth oxides on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of zirconia toughened alumina ceramics[J].Journal of Jiamusi University(Natural Science Edition),2006,24(1):16-18.
[17]栗正新.La2O3、CeO2、Y2O3对陶瓷磨具结合剂性能影响的研究[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2007(4):51-54.LI Zhengxin.Effects of rare earth oxide on properties of vitrified bond[J].Diamond&Abrasives Engineering,2007(4):51-54.
[18]侯永改,祝聿霏,张明岩,等.氧化钇对高速CBN砂轮用陶瓷结合剂玻璃料性能的影响[J].中国稀土学报,2012,30(3):333-334.HOU Yonggai,ZHU Yufei,ZHANG Mingyan,et al.Effect of Y2O3on properties of high-speed CBN grinding wheel with vitrified glass materials[J].Journal of the Chinese Rare Earth Society,2012,30(3):333-334.
[19]XIA P,JIANG R,LI Z,et al.Effect of Y2O3on the properties of vitrified bond and vitrified diamond composites[J].Composites:Part B,2014,67:515-520.
[20]CUI L,HAO X,HU X,et al.Effects of Y2O3addition on structure and properties of LZAS vitrified bond for CBN grinding tools application[J].Ceramics International,2015,41(8):9916-9922.
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