稀土元素镧对汽车轮毂用A356铝合金显微组织与力学性能的影响
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摘要
采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、拉伸试验机等设备,研究了稀土元素镧对汽车轮毂用A356铝合金显微组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加稀土元素镧后,A356铝合金中初生相α-Al得到显著细化,共晶硅形貌由粗大的针状或板条状变为细小的纤维状,共晶硅的平均面积和长径比分别从126μm2和18.2减小至7.8μm2和1.8;添加稀土元素镧后,铝合金中生成了AlSiLa金属间化合物;随着稀土元素镧含量的增加,铝合金的抗拉强度和伸长率均呈先升高后降低的趋势,当稀土元素镧质量分数为0.6%时,抗拉强度和伸长率均达到最大值,分别为215MPa和5.4%。
The effect of rare earth element La on microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 aluminum alloys for automobile wheel hub was investigated by optical microscope,scanning electron microscope and tensile testing machine.The results show that the primary phaseα-Al in the A356 aluminum alloy was refined after rare earth element La added.The morphology of eutectic Si changed from coarse acicular or lath-like into tiny fibrous.The mean area and aspect ratio of eutectic Si reduced from 126μm~2 and 18.2 to 7.8μm~2 and 1.8,respectively.AlSiLa intermetallic compound was obtained in the A356 aluminum alloy after rare earth element La added.The tensile strength and elongation increased first and then decreased with the increase of content of rare earth element La in the aluminum alloy.When the mass fraction of rare earth element La was 0.6%,the aluminum alloy had the maximum tensile strength and elongation which were 215 MPa,5.4%,respectively.
The effect of rare earth element La on microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 aluminum alloys for automobile wheel hub was investigated by optical microscope,scanning electron microscope and tensile testing machine.The results show that the primary phaseα-Al in the A356 aluminum alloy was refined after rare earth element La added.The morphology of eutectic Si changed from coarse acicular or lath-like into tiny fibrous.The mean area and aspect ratio of eutectic Si reduced from 126μm~2 and 18.2 to 7.8μm~2 and 1.8,respectively.AlSiLa intermetallic compound was obtained in the A356 aluminum alloy after rare earth element La added.The tensile strength and elongation increased first and then decreased with the increase of content of rare earth element La in the aluminum alloy.When the mass fraction of rare earth element La was 0.6%,the aluminum alloy had the maximum tensile strength and elongation which were 215 MPa,5.4%,respectively.
引文
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[14]孙宝德,李克,王俊,等.镧、钇稀土在过共晶铝硅合金中的作用[J].上海交通大学学报,1999,33(7):33-36.
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[16]TSAI Y C,CHOU C Y,LEE S L,et al.Effect of trace La addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of A356(Al-7Si-0.35Mg)aluminum alloys[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2009,487:157-162.
[17]LU S Z,HELLAWELL A.The mechanism of silicon modification in aluminum-silicon alloys:impurity induced twinning[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions A,1987,18(10):1721-1733.
[2]熊仪.对汽车轮毂用A356铝合金性能及再生铝使用的思考[J].资源再生,2011(4):53-55.
[3]肖银平.稀土对汽车铝轮毂用合金A356性能的影响[D].赣州:江西理工大学,2012.
[4]田晓生,刘杰,张明新,等.液态模锻A356铝合金汽车轮毂的微观组织及性能[J].热加工工艺,2016,45(17):150-155.
[5]陈志国,周娴,舒军,等.稀土在铝合金中微合金化研究进展[J].矿冶工程,2010,30(2):102-105.
[6]仲志国,王爱华,孙海斌,等.B,RE,La对锶变质A356铝合金微观组织及力学性能影响[J].热加工工艺,2012,41(1):6-9.
[7]汪长勤,赵玉涛,张松利,等.稀土钇对A356合金显微组织和拉伸性能的影响[J].机械工程材料,2010,34(1):13-16.
[8]徐维,赵宝荣,高平.混合稀土加入量对A356合金组织及性能的影响研究[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2004,27(1):48-51.
[9]刘政,谌庆春,郭颂,等.A356-RE合金中稀土铝化合物/初生α相界面二维错配度的计算及验证[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2015,44(4):859-865.
[10]姚丽娟,杨根仓,朱满,等.富铈混合稀土对铸造A356合金微观组织的影响[J].铸造技术,2009,30(2):185-188.
[11]闫洪,谢刚,李全,等.稀土对A356.2铝合金气孔和共晶硅形貌的影响[J].铸造技术,2013,34(5):527-528.
[12]唐小龙,彭继华,黄芳亮,等.混合稀土含量对A356铝合金组织结构的影响[J].中国有色金属学报,2010,20(11):2112-2117.
[13]章光全,毛协,欧阳志英,等.稀土La细化再生铝硅合金中β-Fe相的机理研究[J].特种铸造及有色合金,2003(6):5-7.
[14]孙宝德,李克,王俊,等.镧、钇稀土在过共晶铝硅合金中的作用[J].上海交通大学学报,1999,33(7):33-36.
[15]胥锴,刘萍.稀土La对ZL101合金的变质研究[J].热加工工艺,2008,37(1):12-14.
[16]TSAI Y C,CHOU C Y,LEE S L,et al.Effect of trace La addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of A356(Al-7Si-0.35Mg)aluminum alloys[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2009,487:157-162.
[17]LU S Z,HELLAWELL A.The mechanism of silicon modification in aluminum-silicon alloys:impurity induced twinning[J].Metallurgical&Materials Transactions A,1987,18(10):1721-1733.