上海市浦东新区医务系统女职工职业压力现状调查
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摘要
目的了解上海市浦东新区医务系统女职工职业压力现状及影响因素,为制定医疗系统女职工各项保健措施提供参考依据。方法采用随机抽样法,抽取729名上海市浦东新区医务系统女职工,采用女性职业压力问卷、焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表进行调查。结果本次调查职业压力总得分为130.12±28.33,其中工作本身因素维度得分47.61±10.12,角色冲突与角色模糊维度得分28.16±6.59,人际关系维度得分22.16±6.01和职业生涯发展维度得分32.20±8.09。42.25%的女职工患各类慢性病和52.13%的女职工患不同类型的妇科疾病,且患病的职业压力得分均高于不患病者,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。通过多元线性回归分析,年龄、文化程度、工作类型、职称、是否值班、是否有焦虑或抑郁情绪均对职业压力有着显著影响(P<0.05),与婚姻状况、生育子女情况及编制比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论上海市浦东新区医务系统女职工存在一定职业压力,对身心健康带来不利影响,管理部门应该根据女职工不同特点提供个性化干预措施,增强女职工抗御职业性压力的能力。
[Objective]To understand the status quo and influencing factors of occupational stress of female employees in the medical system of Pudong New Area in Shanghai,provide theoretical basis for formulating various health measures for female employees in medical system. [Methods]Using random sampling method, 729 women workers in the medical system of Pudong New Area were selected. Female occupational stress questionnaire,anxiety self-rating scale and depression self-rating scale were used for this investigation. [Results]The total score of occupational stress in this survey was 130.12±28.33, while the dimension score of work factor,role conflict and role fuzzy,interpersonal relationship and career development was 47.61 ±10.12, 28.16 ±6.59,22.16 ±6.01 and 32.20 ±8.09, respectively. 42.25% of female workers suffer from various chronic diseases and 52.13% of female workers suffer from different types of gynecological diseases. The occupational stress scores of the female workers with disease were higher than the scores of those without the disease, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,education level, job type, job title, on duty, anxiety or depression had significant effects on occupational stress(P<0.05), while marital status, child status and employment mode had no significant effects(P>0.05).[Conclusion]Female workers in the medical system of Pudong New Area have certain occupational pressures, which have adverse effects on physical and mental health. The management department should provide individualized intervention measures according to the different characteristics of female employees,to enhance the ability of female workers to resist occupational stress.
[Objective]To understand the status quo and influencing factors of occupational stress of female employees in the medical system of Pudong New Area in Shanghai,provide theoretical basis for formulating various health measures for female employees in medical system. [Methods]Using random sampling method, 729 women workers in the medical system of Pudong New Area were selected. Female occupational stress questionnaire,anxiety self-rating scale and depression self-rating scale were used for this investigation. [Results]The total score of occupational stress in this survey was 130.12±28.33, while the dimension score of work factor,role conflict and role fuzzy,interpersonal relationship and career development was 47.61 ±10.12, 28.16 ±6.59,22.16 ±6.01 and 32.20 ±8.09, respectively. 42.25% of female workers suffer from various chronic diseases and 52.13% of female workers suffer from different types of gynecological diseases. The occupational stress scores of the female workers with disease were higher than the scores of those without the disease, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,education level, job type, job title, on duty, anxiety or depression had significant effects on occupational stress(P<0.05), while marital status, child status and employment mode had no significant effects(P>0.05).[Conclusion]Female workers in the medical system of Pudong New Area have certain occupational pressures, which have adverse effects on physical and mental health. The management department should provide individualized intervention measures according to the different characteristics of female employees,to enhance the ability of female workers to resist occupational stress.
引文
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[12]冀永娟,贺莉娜,郝静,等.医务人员职业压力和心理健康的相关性研究[J].职业与健康,2015,31(24):3393-3394.
[2]张芬,王丽亚,徐建丽.贵州省黔南州某医院女职工心理压力现状调查[J].中国健康教育,2006,22(12):946-957.
[3]陈春晓.苏州女性职业压力现状及影响因素研究[D].苏州:苏州大学,2014.
[4]刘淑芬.二级医院护士心理压力所致疾病调查[J].中国误诊学杂志,2011,11(23):5624.
[5]寇博轩,姜忠.苏州市医务人员职业压力影响因素调查[J].医学与社会,2013,26(8):78-82.
[6]冀永娟,高岩,王蕾,等.青岛市748名医务人员职业压力状况调查分析[J].职业与健康,2016,32(22):3050-3056.
[7]张晓莉,田淑华.医务人员职业倦怠与压力水平的关系[J].川北医学院学报,2007,22(6):533-536.
[8]赵阳,王烈,吴辉,等.抚顺市医务人员职业紧张状况的调查[J].职业与健康,2010,26(7):733-735.
[9]杨丽君,朱晓惠,仁增拉姆,等.西藏护士职业压力现状及影响因素分析[J].西藏大学学报(自然科学版),2014,29(2):65-70.
[10]顾叶华,张瑞芳,陆虹.上海市浦东新区部分医疗机构女职工心理压力及应对方式调查[J].上海预防医学,2015,27(9):579-581.
[11]程俊,张玉山,张丽影,等.医护人员职业压力与医患关系分析[J].中国实用医药,2010,5(35):240-242.
[12]冀永娟,贺莉娜,郝静,等.医务人员职业压力和心理健康的相关性研究[J].职业与健康,2015,31(24):3393-3394.