超高分三元共聚物流变特性及驱油性能
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摘要
常规水解聚丙烯酰胺在高温高盐油藏下粘度较低,将2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸耐温抗盐单体引入聚丙烯酰胺主链制备超高分三元共聚物是提高聚合物耐温抗盐特性的有效方法。对比研究常规水解聚丙烯酰胺和含2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸单体的超高分三元共聚物的基本物化性能、流变特性及驱油效果。在模拟水总矿化度为32 868 mg/L的条件下,与常规水解聚丙烯酰胺相比,超高分三元共聚物流体力学有效直径增加30%以上,分子链更加舒展,网络结构更加完整,粘度提高1倍以上。流变特性研究表明,超高分三元共聚物剪切流变方程中增稠系数提高2倍,假塑性指数降低22%,因此,超高分三元共聚物具有更高的粘弹性,在地层运移时产生的拉伸粘度提高1倍以上。双管物理模拟驱油实验结果表明,常规水解聚丙烯酰胺提高采收率仅为15.7%,超高分三元共聚物提高采收率达24.1%,驱油效果更好,具有良好的应用前景。
The conventional hydrolyzed polyacrylamide(HPAM)flooding agent has very low viscosity in high temperature and high salinity reservoir. By introducing 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid(AMPS)monomer to the PAM backbone,the ultra-high molecular weight(UHMW)terpolymer was synthesized. This is an effective way to improve the temperature resistance and the salt tolerance performance of the polymer. The basic physicochemical properties,rheological properties and oil displacement effect of conventional HPAM and UHMW terpolymer with AMPS monomer were studied.Compared with the conventional HPAM,the effective diameter of UHMW terpolymer was increased by more than 30% at 32 868 mg/L salinity of the simulated water. The molecular chain was more stretched and the network structure were more complete,and the viscosity was more than doubled. Rheological studies show that the thickening coefficient of the UHMW terpolymer shear rheological equation increased by 2 times,and the power-law index decreased by 22%. Therefore,the UHMW terpolymer has higher viscoelasticity,and the tensile viscosity caused by its migration in the formation was more than doubled. The double-sand-filling-tube model experiment shows that the conventional HPAM can only enhance oil recovery by 15.7%,while the UHMW terpolymer can enhance oil recovery by 24.1%. The UHMW terpolymer has better oil displacement effect and has good prospect of application.
The conventional hydrolyzed polyacrylamide(HPAM)flooding agent has very low viscosity in high temperature and high salinity reservoir. By introducing 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid(AMPS)monomer to the PAM backbone,the ultra-high molecular weight(UHMW)terpolymer was synthesized. This is an effective way to improve the temperature resistance and the salt tolerance performance of the polymer. The basic physicochemical properties,rheological properties and oil displacement effect of conventional HPAM and UHMW terpolymer with AMPS monomer were studied.Compared with the conventional HPAM,the effective diameter of UHMW terpolymer was increased by more than 30% at 32 868 mg/L salinity of the simulated water. The molecular chain was more stretched and the network structure were more complete,and the viscosity was more than doubled. Rheological studies show that the thickening coefficient of the UHMW terpolymer shear rheological equation increased by 2 times,and the power-law index decreased by 22%. Therefore,the UHMW terpolymer has higher viscoelasticity,and the tensile viscosity caused by its migration in the formation was more than doubled. The double-sand-filling-tube model experiment shows that the conventional HPAM can only enhance oil recovery by 15.7%,while the UHMW terpolymer can enhance oil recovery by 24.1%. The UHMW terpolymer has better oil displacement effect and has good prospect of application.
引文
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[15]张颖苹.稠油油藏聚合物驱剖面反转现象室内实验[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(6):111-114.ZHANG Yingping.Laboratory experiment of profile inversion regulation in heavy-oil reservoir with polymer flooding[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(6):111-114.
[2]徐辉,曹绪龙,孙秀芝,等.三次采油用小分子自组装超分子体系驱油性能[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(2):80-84.XU Hui,Cao Xulong,SUN Xiuzhi,et al.Study on oil displacement performance of self-assembled small-molecule supramolecular system for EOR[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(2):80-84.
[3]崔士红.具有N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮结构的水溶性两亲共聚物的合成与性质研究[D].济南:山东大学,2014.CUI Shihong.Synthesis and properties of water-soluble amphiphilic copolymers containing N-vinyl pyrrolidone[D].Ji’nan:Shandong University,2014.
[4]刘鹏.半刚性链水溶性温敏型聚合物的设计、合成及其相行为研究[D].湘潭:湘潭大学,2014.LIU Peng.Design,synthesis and phase behavior of semi-rigid water-soluble thermo-responsive polymer[D].Xiangtan:Xiangtan University,2014.
[5]徐辉.超高分子缔合聚合物溶液特性及驱油效果研究[J].石油钻探技术,2015,43(2):78-83.XU Hui.Solution characteristics and oil displacement efficiency of an ultrahigh molecular weight association polymer[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2015,43(2):78-83.
[6]季岩峰,曹绪龙,郭兰磊,等.聚合物疏水单体与表面活性剂对聚/表二元体系聚集体的作用[J].油气地质与采收率,2016,23(4):95-101.JI Yanfeng,CAO Xulong,GUO Lanlei,et al.Influence of hydrophobic groups of polymer and surfactant on aggregation of polymer/surfactant binary system[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2016,23(4):95-101.
[7]赵方园,毛炳权,伊卓,等.丙烯酰胺/2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸共聚物合成的逐级放大及其性能的研究[J].石油化工,2013,42(1):34-37.ZHAO Fangyuan,MAO Bingquan,Yi Zhuo,et al.Stepwise scaling up of acrylamide/2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolymer synthesis and its properties[J].Petrochemical Technology,2013,42(1):34-37.
[8]叶仲斌,苟光俊,苟少华,等.丙烯酰胺四元共聚磺酸盐的合成及性能研究[J].化学研究与应用,2012,24(10):1 560-1 564.YE Zhongbin,GOU Guangjun,GOU Shaohua,et al.Synthesis and properties for a acrylamide tetra-copolymer sulfonate[J].Chemical Research and Application,2012,24(10):1 560-1 564.
[9] CHAUVETEAU G.Molecular interpretation of several different properties of flow of coiled polymer solutions through porous media in oil recovery conditions[C].San Antonio:1981 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition,1981:1-14.
[10]赵方园,毛炳权,伊卓,等.绝热反应合成AM/AMPS共聚物及其性能[J].精细化工,2012,29(12):34-37.ZHAO Fangyuan,MAO Bingquan,YI Zhuo,et al.Synthesis of AM/AMPS copolymer by adiabatic reaction and its performance[J].Fine Chemicals,2012,29(12):34-37.
[11]程杰成,沈兴海,袁士义,等.新型梳形抗盐聚合物的流变性[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2004,20(4):119-121.CHENG Jiecheng,SHEN Xinghai,YUAN Shiyi,et al.Study on rheology of polyacrylamide copolymer used in enhanced oil recovery[J].Polymer Materials Science&Engineering,2004,20(4):119-121.
[12]张瑞,叶仲斌,罗平亚.原子力显微镜在聚合物溶液结构研究中的应用[J].电子显微镜学报,2010,34(5):475-480.ZHANG Rui,YE Zhongbin,LUO Pingya.The atomic force microscopy study on the microstructure of the polymer solution[J].Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society,2010,34(5):475-480.
[13]侯吉瑞,刘中春,张淑芬,等.碱对聚丙烯酰胺的分子形态及其流变性的影响[J].物理化学学报,2013,19(3):256-259.HOU Jirui,LIU Zhongchun,ZHANG Shufen,et al.Effect of alkali on molecular configuration of polymer and its rheologic behavior[J].Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica,2013,19(3):256-259.
[14]冯玉军,罗传秋,罗平亚,等.疏水缔合水溶性聚丙烯酰胺的溶液结构的研究[J].石油学报:石油加工,2001,17(6):39-44.FENG Yujun,LUO Chuanqiu,LUO Pingya,et al.Study on characterization of microstructure of hydrophobically associating watersoluble polymer in aqueous media by scanning electron microscopy and environmental scanning electron microscopy[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica:Petroleum Processing Section,2001,17(6):39-44.
[15]张颖苹.稠油油藏聚合物驱剖面反转现象室内实验[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(6):111-114.ZHANG Yingping.Laboratory experiment of profile inversion regulation in heavy-oil reservoir with polymer flooding[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(6):111-114.