考虑重力超覆的气窜通道体积计算方法
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摘要
非混相注气驱过程中的平面和纵向气窜严重影响驱油效果。气窜通道体积是气窜封堵方案设计的一项重要参数。已有的计算方法过于简化,可靠性较低。根据渗流力学原理和油藏数值模拟结果发现,进入拟稳态气窜后,平面有效气窜通道可近似用两段圆弧来表征,单层气窜通道近似于一个椭圆柱体,多层气窜通道类似于多个部分叠置的椭圆柱体在纵向上的叠加。基于流体在多孔介质中的平面渗流机理,建立气窜通道的平面面积计算模型。在重力超覆作用下,底部注入气逐层向上部运移,通过考虑气体重力超覆建立了由多个渗流方程组成的非线性方程组,可用于计算纵向各层气窜通道的厚度。气窜通道的平面面积计算模型和纵向厚度计算模型构成了多层气窜通道体积计算模型。利用该模型分析了生产井产气率和注气井吸气剖面的不同对应的气窜通道体积的变化规律。研究结果考虑了气体在多孔介质内的渗流机理以及重力超覆机理,更加符合拟稳态下的气窜过程,能够提高封窜方案的准确性和可靠性。
Volume calculation of fluid channeling paths contributes greatly to a successful anti-channeling treatment. Calculation methods available now generally fall into two categories including experience-based simplification and complex simulation,suffering from low reliability. In order to improve the accuracy in volume calculation,a new model was presented on the basis of the theory of fluid flow in porous media. Firstly,a theoretical diagram and a simulation diagram for gas migration between an injector-producer pair were compared to depict the effective shape of a gas channeling path under a quasi-steady state. Next,a way was determined to compute the areal area of an effective channeling path. Then a model was established,including a set of gravity override-driven equations. Solution of this model will yield volumes of gas channeling paths. The parameters involved in calculation include reservoir properties,fluid properties,fluid saturation distribution and rock-fluid interaction properties,injector and producer performance. The completeness of this parameter list can guarantee an accurate description of gas channeling in reservoirs.
Volume calculation of fluid channeling paths contributes greatly to a successful anti-channeling treatment. Calculation methods available now generally fall into two categories including experience-based simplification and complex simulation,suffering from low reliability. In order to improve the accuracy in volume calculation,a new model was presented on the basis of the theory of fluid flow in porous media. Firstly,a theoretical diagram and a simulation diagram for gas migration between an injector-producer pair were compared to depict the effective shape of a gas channeling path under a quasi-steady state. Next,a way was determined to compute the areal area of an effective channeling path. Then a model was established,including a set of gravity override-driven equations. Solution of this model will yield volumes of gas channeling paths. The parameters involved in calculation include reservoir properties,fluid properties,fluid saturation distribution and rock-fluid interaction properties,injector and producer performance. The completeness of this parameter list can guarantee an accurate description of gas channeling in reservoirs.
引文
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3王杰祥,杜建德,王腾飞,等.低渗非均质油藏注气提高采收率实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(18):44-47Wang Jiexiang,Du Jiande,Wang Tengfei,et al.Experimental research on recovery efficiency improvement by gas injection in low permeability heterogeneous reservoirs[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(18):44-47
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6 Giangiacomo L A.Design and execution of a state-of-the-art water shutoff treatment in a Powder River Basin Tensleep producer[C]//The SPE Rocky Mountain Petroleum Technology Conference.Keystone:Society of Petroleum Engineer,2001:SPE 71080
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8 Ricks Jr G V,Portwood J T.Injection-side application of MARCITpolymer gel improves waterflood sweep efficiency,decreases water-oil ratio,and enhances oil Recovery in the Mc Elroy Field,Upton County,Texas[C]//The 2000 SPE Permian Basin Oil and Gas Recovery Conference.Texas:Society of Petroleum Engineer,2000:SPE 59528
9 Smith J E.Practical issues with field injection well gel treatments[C]//The 1999 SPE Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting.Wyoming:Society of Petroleum Engineer,1999:SPE 55631
10曾流芳,陈柏平,王学忠.疏松砂岩油藏大孔道定量描述初步研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2002,9(4):53-54Zeng Liufang,Chen Baiping,Wang Xuezhong,et al.Preliminary study on quantitative description of high-capacity channel in loose sandstone reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2002,9(4):53-54
11郑强,刘慧卿,李芳,等.油藏注水开发后期窜流通道定量识别方法[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(4):92-95Zheng Qiang,Liu Huiqing,Li Fang,et al.Quantitative identification of breakthrough channel in water flooding reservoirs at later stage[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2012,40(4):92-95
12郑强,刘慧卿.水驱油藏注采井连通体积计算[J].科学技术与工程,2012,12(28):7194-7197Zheng Qiang,Liu Huiqing.Calculating the interwell connected volume in waterflooding reservoirs[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2012,12(28):7194-7197
13汪庐山,关悦,刘承杰,等.利用油藏工程原理描述优势渗流通道的新方法[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(5):1155-1159Wang Lushan,Guan Yue,Liu Chengjie,et al.A method of describing preferential flowing path by reservoir engineering principles[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(5):1155-1159
14郑强,刘慧卿,李芳,等.蒸汽驱后汽窜通道定量描述[J].中国科学(技术科学),2013,43(6):684-688Zheng Qiang,Liu Huiqing,Li Fang,et al.Quantitative description of steam channels after steam flooding[J].Science China Technological Sciences,2013,43(6):684-688
15张光明.调剖堵水处理半径及处理液用量计算方法[J].断块油气田,1997,4(4):64-66Zhang Guangming.Calculation method of treatment radius and treatment liquid amount about profile control and water shutoff[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,1997,4(4):64-66
16安显荣,刘锐.有机铬冻胶调剖技术在朝阳沟油田的应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(6):76-77An Xianrong,Liu Rui.Application of organic chrome jelly profile control technique in Chaoyanggou oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2004,23(6):76-77
17王玉琢,刘性全,李奎.注水井化学调剖定量化及优化设计方法研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(3):47-49Wang Yuzhuo,Liu Xingquan,Li Kui.Quantification and optimized design method of the chemical profile control in water injection well[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2001,20(3):47-49
18钱钦,尚朝辉,于法珍,等.水驱油田调剖最佳封堵半径的确定[J].石油天然气学报,2005,27(3):368-369Qian Qin,Shang Zhaohui,Yu Fazhen,et al.Determination of optimal plugging radius for profile control in waterflooding oilfield[J].Journal of Petroleum and Natural Gas,2005,27(3):368-369
19李宜坤,赵福麟,周新宇,等.计算调剖堵水过顶替量的新方法[J].油气田地面工程,2003,22(1):10Li Yikun,Zhao Fulin,Zhou Xinyu,et al.A new method for calculating profile control,water blocking and overdisplacement[J].Oil&Gas Field Surface Engineering,2003,22(1):10
20秦涛,杜永慧,刘文梅,等.调剖堵水优化设计软件在濮城油田的应用[J].钻采工艺,2004,27(2):47-50Qin Tao,Du Yonghui,Liu Wenmei,et al.Application of profile control and water plugging software in Pucheng Oilfield[J].Drilling Production Technology,2004,27(2):47-50
21樊文杰,刘连福,孙建国.注聚前深度调剖井堵剂用量确定方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(2):59-61Fan Wenjie,Liu Lianfu,Sun Jianguo.Determination method of profile control agent volume for depth profile control technique[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2002,21(2):59-61
22韩建民,占良,卢凯,等.基于菱形模型的调剖剂用量预测算法的研究与实现[J].计算机与应用化学,2003,20(增刊1):205-209Han Jianmin,Zhan Liang,Lu Kai,et al.Research and realization of prediction method of profile control chemicals quantity[J].Computers and Applied Chemistry,2003,20(S1):205-209
23 Zhao C F,Jiang H Q,Li X H.Sizing conformance control treatment based on law of gel transportation through porous media[J].Advances in Natural Science,2010,3(1):1-11
24白宝君,李宇乡,高玉军.区块整体调剖调剖剂用量优化技术研究[J].断块油气田,1999,6(6):33-35Bai Baojun,Li Yuxiang,Gao Yujun.The optimization of profile control agent volume technique for block-integral injection profile control[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,1999,6(6):33-35
25秦宝德.裂缝性低渗透油藏深度调剖技术研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2004Qin Baode.Deep profile control technology for fractured low permeability reservoirs[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2004
26 Caicedo S,Conte B D,Prado M.Gel-volume optimization in water conformance applying risk and uncertainty analysis[C]//The SPELatin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference.Brazil:Society of Petroleum Engineer,2005:SPE 94515
27陈钦雷.油田开发设计与分析基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1982:51-59Chen Qinlei.Foundation of oilfield development design and analysis[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1982:51-59
2鲍云波.CO2气窜主控因素研究[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(9):2348-2351Bao Yunbo.Study on main controlling factors of CO2gas channeling[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(9):2348-2351
3王杰祥,杜建德,王腾飞,等.低渗非均质油藏注气提高采收率实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(18):44-47Wang Jiexiang,Du Jiande,Wang Tengfei,et al.Experimental research on recovery efficiency improvement by gas injection in low permeability heterogeneous reservoirs[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(18):44-47
4何松,李科星,倪积慧,等.注气速度对空气泡沫防气窜性能影响的实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2015,15(6):74-77He Song,Li Kexing,Ni Jihui,et al.Experimental study on the effect of gas injection rate on the gas channeling resistance of air foam[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2015,15(6):74-77
5 Lane R H,Sanders G S.Water shutoff through fullbore placement of polymer gel in faulted and in hydraulically fractured producers of the Prudhoe Bay Field[C]//The Production Operations Symposium.Oklahoma:Society of Petroleum Engineers,1995:SPE 29475
6 Giangiacomo L A.Design and execution of a state-of-the-art water shutoff treatment in a Powder River Basin Tensleep producer[C]//The SPE Rocky Mountain Petroleum Technology Conference.Keystone:Society of Petroleum Engineer,2001:SPE 71080
7陈存良,牛伟,郭龙飞,等.基于井间动态连通性计算低渗油藏窜流通道[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(26):41-44Chen Cunliang,Niu Wei,Guo Longfei,et al.Characterization of thief zones using interwell dynamic connectivity in low permeability reservoir[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(26):41-44
8 Ricks Jr G V,Portwood J T.Injection-side application of MARCITpolymer gel improves waterflood sweep efficiency,decreases water-oil ratio,and enhances oil Recovery in the Mc Elroy Field,Upton County,Texas[C]//The 2000 SPE Permian Basin Oil and Gas Recovery Conference.Texas:Society of Petroleum Engineer,2000:SPE 59528
9 Smith J E.Practical issues with field injection well gel treatments[C]//The 1999 SPE Rocky Mountain Regional Meeting.Wyoming:Society of Petroleum Engineer,1999:SPE 55631
10曾流芳,陈柏平,王学忠.疏松砂岩油藏大孔道定量描述初步研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2002,9(4):53-54Zeng Liufang,Chen Baiping,Wang Xuezhong,et al.Preliminary study on quantitative description of high-capacity channel in loose sandstone reservoir[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2002,9(4):53-54
11郑强,刘慧卿,李芳,等.油藏注水开发后期窜流通道定量识别方法[J].石油钻探技术,2012,40(4):92-95Zheng Qiang,Liu Huiqing,Li Fang,et al.Quantitative identification of breakthrough channel in water flooding reservoirs at later stage[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2012,40(4):92-95
12郑强,刘慧卿.水驱油藏注采井连通体积计算[J].科学技术与工程,2012,12(28):7194-7197Zheng Qiang,Liu Huiqing.Calculating the interwell connected volume in waterflooding reservoirs[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2012,12(28):7194-7197
13汪庐山,关悦,刘承杰,等.利用油藏工程原理描述优势渗流通道的新方法[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(5):1155-1159Wang Lushan,Guan Yue,Liu Chengjie,et al.A method of describing preferential flowing path by reservoir engineering principles[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(5):1155-1159
14郑强,刘慧卿,李芳,等.蒸汽驱后汽窜通道定量描述[J].中国科学(技术科学),2013,43(6):684-688Zheng Qiang,Liu Huiqing,Li Fang,et al.Quantitative description of steam channels after steam flooding[J].Science China Technological Sciences,2013,43(6):684-688
15张光明.调剖堵水处理半径及处理液用量计算方法[J].断块油气田,1997,4(4):64-66Zhang Guangming.Calculation method of treatment radius and treatment liquid amount about profile control and water shutoff[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,1997,4(4):64-66
16安显荣,刘锐.有机铬冻胶调剖技术在朝阳沟油田的应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(6):76-77An Xianrong,Liu Rui.Application of organic chrome jelly profile control technique in Chaoyanggou oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2004,23(6):76-77
17王玉琢,刘性全,李奎.注水井化学调剖定量化及优化设计方法研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2001,20(3):47-49Wang Yuzhuo,Liu Xingquan,Li Kui.Quantification and optimized design method of the chemical profile control in water injection well[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2001,20(3):47-49
18钱钦,尚朝辉,于法珍,等.水驱油田调剖最佳封堵半径的确定[J].石油天然气学报,2005,27(3):368-369Qian Qin,Shang Zhaohui,Yu Fazhen,et al.Determination of optimal plugging radius for profile control in waterflooding oilfield[J].Journal of Petroleum and Natural Gas,2005,27(3):368-369
19李宜坤,赵福麟,周新宇,等.计算调剖堵水过顶替量的新方法[J].油气田地面工程,2003,22(1):10Li Yikun,Zhao Fulin,Zhou Xinyu,et al.A new method for calculating profile control,water blocking and overdisplacement[J].Oil&Gas Field Surface Engineering,2003,22(1):10
20秦涛,杜永慧,刘文梅,等.调剖堵水优化设计软件在濮城油田的应用[J].钻采工艺,2004,27(2):47-50Qin Tao,Du Yonghui,Liu Wenmei,et al.Application of profile control and water plugging software in Pucheng Oilfield[J].Drilling Production Technology,2004,27(2):47-50
21樊文杰,刘连福,孙建国.注聚前深度调剖井堵剂用量确定方法[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(2):59-61Fan Wenjie,Liu Lianfu,Sun Jianguo.Determination method of profile control agent volume for depth profile control technique[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2002,21(2):59-61
22韩建民,占良,卢凯,等.基于菱形模型的调剖剂用量预测算法的研究与实现[J].计算机与应用化学,2003,20(增刊1):205-209Han Jianmin,Zhan Liang,Lu Kai,et al.Research and realization of prediction method of profile control chemicals quantity[J].Computers and Applied Chemistry,2003,20(S1):205-209
23 Zhao C F,Jiang H Q,Li X H.Sizing conformance control treatment based on law of gel transportation through porous media[J].Advances in Natural Science,2010,3(1):1-11
24白宝君,李宇乡,高玉军.区块整体调剖调剖剂用量优化技术研究[J].断块油气田,1999,6(6):33-35Bai Baojun,Li Yuxiang,Gao Yujun.The optimization of profile control agent volume technique for block-integral injection profile control[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,1999,6(6):33-35
25秦宝德.裂缝性低渗透油藏深度调剖技术研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2004Qin Baode.Deep profile control technology for fractured low permeability reservoirs[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2004
26 Caicedo S,Conte B D,Prado M.Gel-volume optimization in water conformance applying risk and uncertainty analysis[C]//The SPELatin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference.Brazil:Society of Petroleum Engineer,2005:SPE 94515
27陈钦雷.油田开发设计与分析基础[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1982:51-59Chen Qinlei.Foundation of oilfield development design and analysis[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1982:51-59