简单复合岩体中TBM多滚刀破岩机理离散元分析
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摘要
采用引入考虑胶结尺寸的微观接触模型的PFC~(2D)离散元软件,对全断面岩石掘进机(TBM)盘形滚刀作用下简单形式的复合岩体破岩机理进行数值模拟研究。进行了单滚刀、双滚刀和三滚刀作用下的复合岩体破碎过程的模拟。模拟结果表明:滚刀破岩过程可以分为三个阶段:加载阶段、卸载阶段和残余跃进阶段。通过双滚刀和三滚刀侵入复合岩体的推力-侵深曲线分析,软岩上的滚刀比硬岩上的滚刀进入各阶段稍慢,略有滞后;不同滚刀间的峰值法向推力相差较大,易造成滚刀磨损。对于花岗岩-绿片岩复合岩体,破岩时接触力链被岩体分界面分割,硬岩区胶结破坏数目较多,双滚刀、三滚刀侵入时易形成贯通裂缝;破岩效率由大到小为双滚刀效率、三滚刀效率、单滚刀效率,而且双滚刀能够将效率提高一倍左右。
The PFC~(2D) software, incorporated with a size-dependent bond contact model, was employed to investigate the fracture mechanism induced by TBM cutting in simply composite rock mass. The rock fracture process was simulated under the action of cutting with single, double and triple cutters. The numerical results show that the process of rock fragmentation can be described with three stages: loading stage, unloading stage and residual leap stage. The analysis on the thrust-intrusion depth curve for the cutting in composite rock mass with double and triple cutters demonstrates that the cutter reaches the three stages is slightly slower on soft rock than on hard rock. A large difference was observed between/among cutters on the peak normal thrust, which will induce the wear of the cutters easily. For the rock mass composited by granite and greenschist, contact force chains are segmented by the interface between hard rock and soft rock, and bond breakage of hard rock is more than of soft rock, and through cracks form easily in double and triple cutters breaking rock. Rock breaking efficiency by double cutter is larger than by triple cutter with the latter larger than by single cutter. Besides the breaking efficiency by the double cutter is almost twice as that in other cases.
The PFC~(2D) software, incorporated with a size-dependent bond contact model, was employed to investigate the fracture mechanism induced by TBM cutting in simply composite rock mass. The rock fracture process was simulated under the action of cutting with single, double and triple cutters. The numerical results show that the process of rock fragmentation can be described with three stages: loading stage, unloading stage and residual leap stage. The analysis on the thrust-intrusion depth curve for the cutting in composite rock mass with double and triple cutters demonstrates that the cutter reaches the three stages is slightly slower on soft rock than on hard rock. A large difference was observed between/among cutters on the peak normal thrust, which will induce the wear of the cutters easily. For the rock mass composited by granite and greenschist, contact force chains are segmented by the interface between hard rock and soft rock, and bond breakage of hard rock is more than of soft rock, and through cracks form easily in double and triple cutters breaking rock. Rock breaking efficiency by double cutter is larger than by triple cutter with the latter larger than by single cutter. Besides the breaking efficiency by the double cutter is almost twice as that in other cases.
引文
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[18]Jiang M J,Chen H,Crosta G B.Numerical modeling of rock mechanical behavior and fracture propagation by a new bond contact model[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2015,78:175-189
[19]Huang H,Lecampion B,Detournay E.Discrete element modeling of tool-rock interactionⅠ:rock?cutting[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2013,37(13):1913-1929
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[2]马洪素,纪洪广.节理倾向对TBM滚刀破岩模式及掘进速率影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(1):155-163(Ma Hongsu,Ji Hongguang.Experimental study of the effect of joint orientation on fragmentation modes and penetration rate under TBMdisc cutters[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(1):155-163(in Chinese))
[3]龚秋明,何冠文,赵晓豹,等.掘进机刀盘滚刀间距对北山花岗岩破岩效率的影响实验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2015,37(1):54-60(Gong Qiuming,He Guanwen,Zhao Xiaobao,et al.Influence of different cutter spacings on rock fragmentation efficiency of Beishan granite by TBM[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2015,37(1):54-60(in Chinese))
[4]Geng Q,Wei Z,Ren J.New rock material definition stategy for FEM simulation of rock cutting process by TBM disc cutters[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2017,65:179-186
[5]Cundall P A,Strack O D L.A discrete numerical model for granular assemblies[J].Geotechnique,1979,29(1):47-65
[6]Jiang M J,Yu H S,Harris D.A novel discrete model for granular material incorporating rolling resistance[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2005,32(5):340-357
[7]Jiang M J,Shen Z F,Wang J F.A novel three-dimensional contact model for granulates incorporating rolling and twisting resistances[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2015,65:147-163
[8]Jiang M J,Liu J,Shen Z F,et al.Exploring the critical state properties and major principal stress rotation of sand in direct shear test using the distinct element method[J].Granular Matter,2018,20(2):25
[9]Jiang M J,Liao Y N,Wang H N,et al.Distinct element method analysis of jointed rock fragmentation induced by TBM cutting[J].European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering,2018,22(suppl.1):s79-s98
[10]谭青,李建芳,夏毅敏,等.盘形滚刀破岩过程的数值研究[J].岩土力学,2013,34(9):2707-2714(Tan Qing,Li Jianfang,Xia Yimin,et al.Numerical research on rock fragmentation process by disc cutter[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2013,34(9):2707-2714(in Chinese))
[11]张旭辉,夏毅敏,谭青,等.节理岩体下TBM单刃和双刃滚刀破岩特性研究[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2016,37(10):1424-1431(Zhang Xuhui,Xia Yimin,Tan Qing,et al.Study on the characteristics of breaking jointed rock by tunnel boring machine single-point and double-point cutters[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,2016,37(10):1424-1431(in Chinese))
[12]蒋明镜,孙亚,王华宁,等.全断面隧道掘进机破岩机理离散元分析[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2016,44(7):1038-1044(Jiang Mingjing,Sun Ya,Wang Huaning,et al.Rock Failure Mechanism Analysis With Discrete Element Method by Using Tunnel Boring Machine[J].Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science,2016,44(7):1038-1044(in Chinese))
[13]Liu J,Wang J.The effect of indentation sequence on rock breakages:A study based on laboratory and numerical tests[J].Comptes Rendus Mécanique,2018,346(1):26-38
[14]Jiang M J,Zhang N,Cui L,et al.A size-dependent bond failure criterion for cemented granules based on experimental studies[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2015,69:182-198
[15]Jiang M J,Liu W,Xi B L,et al.Preliminary DEManalysis on micro-mechanical behavior of the composite cemented granules under complex stress conditions[C]//International Conference on Discrete Element Methods.Singapore:Springer,2016
[16]Lan H,Martin C D,Hu B.Effect of heterogeneity of brittle rock on micromechanical extensile behavior during compression loading[J].Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth,2010,115(B1):B01202
[17]吕品.锦屏水电站绿片岩段扩挖及落底开挖稳定研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2011(Lv Pin.The research of enlarged excavation and surrounding rock stability in the green schist area of jinping hydropower station[D].Dalian:Dalian University of Technology,2011(in Chinese))
[18]Jiang M J,Chen H,Crosta G B.Numerical modeling of rock mechanical behavior and fracture propagation by a new bond contact model[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences,2015,78:175-189
[19]Huang H,Lecampion B,Detournay E.Discrete element modeling of tool-rock interactionⅠ:rock?cutting[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2013,37(13):1913-1929
[20]Huang H,Detourary E.Discrete element modeling of tool-rock interaction II:rock?indentation[J].International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics,2013,37(13):1930-1947
[21]Jiang M J,Konrad J M,Leroueil S.An efficient technique for generating homogeneous specimens for DEM studies[J].Computers and Geotechnics,2003,30(7):579-597
[22]孙亚.TBM破岩机理及深埋节理岩体破岩规律离散元分析[D].上海:同济大学,2016(Sun Ya.DEManalysis of rock fragmentation mechanism and the failure law of the deeply buried jointed rock under TBMdriving[D].Shanghai:Tongji University,2016(in Chinese))
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