四川甲基卡锂矿床花岗岩体Li同位素组成及其对稀有金属成矿的制约
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摘要
四川康定甲基卡超大型锂矿是我国最大的硬岩型锂矿床之一,矿区中南部呈岩株状出露的二云母花岗岩常被认为是成矿伟晶岩的"矿源岩",对其开展Li同位素地球化学研究,对探讨矿区稀有金属的来源与演化具有重要意义.研究工作基于详细的野外地质调查,采用MC-ICP-MS方法对岩体锂同位素组成开展了研究.研究结果显示,岩体Li含量介于192×10-6~470×10-6,均值为309×10-6,δ7 Li值介于-1.56‰~+0.90‰,均值为-0.24‰,与平均上地壳值基本一致,具有高Li低δ7 Li的特征.δ7 Li与Li、Rb、Ga、SiO2及εNd(t)不存在明显的相关性,岩体锂同位素组成反映了其形成时的源区特征,未受岩浆结晶分异作用和蚀变作用的影响.岩体岩石地球化学、同位素地球化学资料表明,岩浆来源以三叠系西康群砂泥岩的部分熔融为主,可能有部分深源物质的加入.此外,岩体Li同位素的变化规律表明伟晶岩的成矿流体来源于二云母花岗岩.岩体Li含量与Li同位素组合不仅可用来划分锂矿床类型,而且对稀有金属找矿具有一定的指导意义.
Jiajika superlarge hard rock type lithium deposit is one of the most abundant lithium mineral resouces in China.The two-mica granite outcropped in the southern Jiajika orefield is generally regarded as source rocks of the ore-bearing pegmatites.Li isotopic composition is a useful tool to explore the origin and evolution of rare metal.Based on the detailed field work,the lithium isotopic composition of granite was tested by MC-ICP-MS in this study.The results show that the lithium content of the granite is from 192×10-6 to 470×10-6,and the mean value is 309×10-6;the value ofδ7 Li ranges from-1.56‰to 0.90‰,and the mean value is-0.24‰,which is closed to the average value of upper crust.Jiajika two-mica granite apparently has higher content of lithium and lower value ofδ7 Li,and theδ7 Li and Li,Rb,Ga,SiO2 andεNd(t)have no obvious correlation.Lithium isotopic composition of granite reflects its characteristics of source rock,and it has not been influenced by crystallization differentiation of magma and alteration.The geochemical and isotope geochemistry data indicate that the source of magma is mainly composed of partial melting of Triassic Xikang sand-mudstone,which may have been mixed with materials from deep source.In addition,variations of lithium content and Li isotopic composition show that the fluid of magma migrated from center to the north and south,and the metallogenic fluid of pegmatite is derived from Jiajika two-mica granite.The content of lithium and Li isotopic composition can not only be used to classify the types of lithium deposits,but also can facilitate the prospecting of rare metals.
Jiajika superlarge hard rock type lithium deposit is one of the most abundant lithium mineral resouces in China.The two-mica granite outcropped in the southern Jiajika orefield is generally regarded as source rocks of the ore-bearing pegmatites.Li isotopic composition is a useful tool to explore the origin and evolution of rare metal.Based on the detailed field work,the lithium isotopic composition of granite was tested by MC-ICP-MS in this study.The results show that the lithium content of the granite is from 192×10-6 to 470×10-6,and the mean value is 309×10-6;the value ofδ7 Li ranges from-1.56‰to 0.90‰,and the mean value is-0.24‰,which is closed to the average value of upper crust.Jiajika two-mica granite apparently has higher content of lithium and lower value ofδ7 Li,and theδ7 Li and Li,Rb,Ga,SiO2 andεNd(t)have no obvious correlation.Lithium isotopic composition of granite reflects its characteristics of source rock,and it has not been influenced by crystallization differentiation of magma and alteration.The geochemical and isotope geochemistry data indicate that the source of magma is mainly composed of partial melting of Triassic Xikang sand-mudstone,which may have been mixed with materials from deep source.In addition,variations of lithium content and Li isotopic composition show that the fluid of magma migrated from center to the north and south,and the metallogenic fluid of pegmatite is derived from Jiajika two-mica granite.The content of lithium and Li isotopic composition can not only be used to classify the types of lithium deposits,but also can facilitate the prospecting of rare metals.
引文
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