广东乳源一六钨矿两期热液成矿事件:来自岩石地球化学的证据
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摘要
一六矿床是粤北钨锡多金属矿床中一个重要的钨矿床。矿区内出露的宝山、一六两期岩体的岩性均为二长花岗岩,具有高硅、过铝质、富钾和钙碱性等相似特征,为分异的S型花岗岩。两期岩体源区相同,继承了陆内造山向板内伸展环境过渡的沉积物质,经历了岩石圈沉积岩和早期火成岩的部分熔融,并通过岩浆结晶分异作用使W、Sn等成矿元素富集。将矿床内的矽卡岩分为两组:第一组Rb、Sr、Ba等大离子亲石元素亏损程度低,稀土元素总量(∑REE)高,具有显著的Eu负异常;第二组Rb、Sr、Ba等元素亏损程度高,∑REE值较低,具有弱Eu异常。两组矽卡岩是矿区内两期热液活动作用的产物,宝山岩体与帽子峰组砂岩发生接触交代作用形成矽卡岩型白钨矿,一六岩体出溶热液沿矽卡岩中的裂隙充填交代形成石英脉型白钨矿,这两期热液成矿事件反映了一六钨矿复合型矿床的本质。
Yiliu deposit is an important tungsten deposit of W-Sn polymetallic deposits in Northern Guangdong.The lithology of Baoshan and Yiliu intrusion exposed in the mineral area are both adamellite.Two stages of intrusions which have similar geochemical characteristics:high-SiO_2,peraluminous,K-rich and calc-alkaline,belong to differentiated S-type granite.These intrusions have the same source region which inherits the sediment transition from the intran-continent orogeny environment to intraplate extensional environment,experiences the partial melting of sedimentary rocks and early stage igneous rocks,and enriches the ore-forming elements,such as W and Sn,mainly through the fractional crystallization of magma.The skarn is divided into two groups.The first group of skarn is slightly depleted in large ion lithophile elements,such as Rb,Sr,Ba,and has the high total REE content,with significant negative Eu anomaly.The second group of skarn is highly depleted in large ion lithophile elements and has the lower total REE content,with slightly Eu anomaly.It is believed that the two groups of skarn in the mineral area are the product of the two hydrothermal activities.The skarn type scheelite was formed by contact metasomatism between Baoshan intrusion and sandstone of Maozifeng Formation.Yiliu intrusion's dissolution hydrothermal filling and metasomatism occurring along the cracks of skarn formed quartz vein type scheelite.The two stages of hydrothermal mineralization events reflect the nature that Yiliu tungsten deposit is a composite deposit.
Yiliu deposit is an important tungsten deposit of W-Sn polymetallic deposits in Northern Guangdong.The lithology of Baoshan and Yiliu intrusion exposed in the mineral area are both adamellite.Two stages of intrusions which have similar geochemical characteristics:high-SiO_2,peraluminous,K-rich and calc-alkaline,belong to differentiated S-type granite.These intrusions have the same source region which inherits the sediment transition from the intran-continent orogeny environment to intraplate extensional environment,experiences the partial melting of sedimentary rocks and early stage igneous rocks,and enriches the ore-forming elements,such as W and Sn,mainly through the fractional crystallization of magma.The skarn is divided into two groups.The first group of skarn is slightly depleted in large ion lithophile elements,such as Rb,Sr,Ba,and has the high total REE content,with significant negative Eu anomaly.The second group of skarn is highly depleted in large ion lithophile elements and has the lower total REE content,with slightly Eu anomaly.It is believed that the two groups of skarn in the mineral area are the product of the two hydrothermal activities.The skarn type scheelite was formed by contact metasomatism between Baoshan intrusion and sandstone of Maozifeng Formation.Yiliu intrusion's dissolution hydrothermal filling and metasomatism occurring along the cracks of skarn formed quartz vein type scheelite.The two stages of hydrothermal mineralization events reflect the nature that Yiliu tungsten deposit is a composite deposit.
引文
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[2]裴太昌.广东韶关-乳源地区花岗岩与成矿关系探讨[J].广东地质,1988,3(1):108-109.PEI Tai-chang.Discussion on relationship between granite and mineralization in Shaoguan-Ruyuan area,Guangdong Province[J].Guangdong Geology,1988,3(1):108-109.
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[4]肖光铭,邸文.粤北地区钨成矿规律研究[J].华南地质与矿产,2011,27(2):132-140.XIAO Guang-ming,DI Wen.Metallogenic regularity of tungsten deposits in Northern Guangdong Province[J].Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,2011,27(2):132-140.
[5]裴太昌.韶关-乳源地区内生金属矿产控矿因素及成矿规律初步分析[J].矿产与地质,1990(3):1-10.PEI Tai-chang.Preliminary analysis to metallotects and minerogenetic regularity of endogenic metal mineral resource in Shaoguan-Ruyuan area[J].Mineral and Geology,1990(3):1-10.
[6]ZHANG,Shao-bing,ZHENG,Yong-fei.Formation and evolution of Precambrian continental lithosphere in South China[J].Gondwana Research,2013,23:1241-1260.
[7]褚杨,林伟,FAURE Michel,王清晨.华南板块早中生代陆内造山过程--以雪峰山-九岭为例[J].岩石学报,2015,31(8):2145-2155.CHU Yang,LIN Wei,FAURE M,WANG Qing-chen.Early Mesozoic intracontinental orogeny:Example of the Xuefengshan-Jiuling Belt[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2015,31(8):2145-2155.
[8]黄会清,李献华,李武显,刘颖.南岭大东山花岗岩的形成时代与成因-SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄、元素和Sr-Nd-Hf同位素地球化学[J].高校地质学报,2008,14(3):317-333.HUANG Hui-qing,LI Xian-hua,LI Wu-xian,LIU Ying.Age and origin of the Dadongshan granite from the Nanling Range:SHRIMP U-Pb zircon age,geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopes[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2008,14(3):317-333.
[9]张术根,袁莹,姚翠霞.南岭中段诸广山复式花岗岩岩石学及其控矿作用[J].中国有色金属学报,2014,24(6):1585-1598.ZHANG Shu-gen,YUAN Ying,YAO Cui-xia.Petrology and ore-control of Zhuguangshan composite granitic pluton in middle section of Nanling region[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014,24(6):1585-1598.
[10]唐一昂,赖健清,杨牧,梅嘉靖,吴剑,谌后成,郭兰萱.广东梅子冲铅锌钨多金属矿床流体包裹体特征及成矿作用[J].地质与勘探,2017,53(2):217-226.TANG Yi-ang,LAI Jian-qing,YANG Mu,MEI Jia-jing,WUJian,ZHAN Hou-cheng,GUO Lan-xuan.Characteristics of fluid inclusions and metallogenesis of the Meizichong Pb-Zn-Wpolymetallic deposit in Guangdong Province[J].Geology and Exploration,2017,53(2):217-226.
[11]吴剑.梅子冲矿区内部详查报告[R].广东省有色金属地质局九三二队,2011.WU JIan.Internal investigation report of Meizichong mining area[R].Nonferrous Metals Geological Bureau of Guangdong Province 932 Battalion,2011.
[12]刘启,赖健清.广东乳源宝山岩体花岗岩成因以及构造环境[J].国土资源导刊,2016,13(1):14-21.LIU Qi,LAI Jian-qing.Genesis and tectonic environments of Baoshan Pluton in Ruyuan,Guangdong Province[J].Land and Resources Herald,2016,13(1):14-21.
[13]高剑峰,陆建军,赖鸣远,林雨萍,濮巍.岩石样品中微量元素的高分辨率等离子质谱分析[J].南京大学学报(自然科学版),2003,39(6):844-850.GAO Jian-feng,LU Jian-jun,LAI Ming-yuan,LIN Yu-ping,PUWei.Analysis of trace elements in rock samples using HR-ICPMS[J].Journal of Nanjing University(Natural Sciences),2003,39(6):844-850.
[14]赵一鸣.中国矽卡岩矿床[M].武汉:地质出版社,1990:1-60.ZHAO Yi-ming.Skarn deposits in China[M].Wuhan:Geological Publishing House,1999:1-60.
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[16]MIDDLEMOST E A K.Naming materials in the magma/igneous rock system[J].Earth-Science Reviews,1994,37(3/4):215-224.
[17]FROST B R,BARNES C G,COLLINS W J,ARCULUS R J,ELLIS D J,FROST C D.A geochemical classification for granitic rocks[J].Journal of Petrology,2001,42(11):2033-2048.
[18]CHAPPELL B W.Aluminium saturation in I-and S-type granites and the characterization of fractionated haplogranites[J].Lithos,1999,46(3):535-551.
[19]WHALEN J B,CURRIE K L,CHAPPELL B W.A-type granites:Geochemical characteristics,discrimination and petrogenesis[J].Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,1987,95(4):407-419.
[20]SKJERLIE K P,JOHNSTON A D.Vapor-absent melting at10k bar of a biotite-and amphibole-bearing tonalitic gneiss:Implications for the generation of A-type granites[J].Geology,1992,20(3):263-266.
[21]DOUCE P,ALBERTO E.Generation of metaluminous A-type granites by low-pressure melting of calc-alkaline granitoids[J].Geology,1997,25(8):743-746.
[22]ZENG Ren-yu,LAI Jian-qing,MAO Xian-cheng,LI Bin,JUPei-jiao,TAO Shi-long.Geochemistry,ziron U-Pb dating and Hf isotopies composition of Paleozoic granitoids in Jinchuan,NWChina:Constraints on their petrogenesis,source characteristics and tectonic implication[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2016,121:20-33.
[23]赵振华.微量元素地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1997:1-153.ZHAO Zhen-hua.Trace element geochemistry[M].Beijing:Science Press,1997:1-153.
[24]徐克勤,朱金初,刘昌实,沈渭洲,徐士进.华南花岗岩类的成因系列和物质来源[J].南京大学学报(地球科学),1989,15(3):1-18.XU Ke-qin,ZHU Jin-chu,LIU Chang-shi,SHEN Wei-zhou,XUShi-jin.Genesis series and material sources of granitoids in Southern China[J].Journal of Nanjing University(Earth Sciences),1989,15(3):1-18.
[25]JANOUSEK V,FINGER F,ROBERTS M,FRYDA J,PIN C,DOLEJS D.Deciphering the petrogenesis of deeply buried granites:whole-rock geochemical constraints on the origin of largely undepleted granulites from the Moldanubian zone of the Bohemian Massif[J].Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh,Earth Sciences,2004,95:141-159.
[26]PEARCE J A,HARRIS N B W,TINDLE A G.Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks[J].Journal of Petrology,1984,25(4):956-983.
[27]LI Zheng-xiang,LI Xian-hua.Formation of the 1300-km-wide intracontinental orogen and postorogenic magmatic province in Mesozoic South China:A flat-slab subduction model[J].Geology,2007,35(2):179-182.
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